scholarly journals Bilateral Striopallidodentate Calcinosis in Female: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
Arun Kadel ◽  
Avinash Chandra ◽  
Reema Rajbhandari ◽  
Pranaya Shrestha ◽  
Pravesh Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Intracranial Calcification ◽  
Occipital Lobes

Bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis (BSPDC) is associated with many neurological and psychiatric abnormalities and most commonly present with extra pyramidal symptoms and can be idiopathic or associated with endocrinopathy, frequently with parathyroid disorders. Here we describe a case who presented with generalized seizure. During workup, the cause of seizure was found to be bilateral and symmetric, extensive, irregular, intraparenchymal calcifications involving the basal ganglia, thalamus and dentate nucleus, white matter in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes and dentate nuclei of cerebellum. On the basis of clinical features, investigations, and exclusion of other causes of intracranial calcification a clinical diagnosis of BSPDC was made. BSPDC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of endocrinopathy particularly parathyroid disorders, when associated with neurological and psychiatric abnormalities.

scholarly journals An accidental finding of FAHR’s syndrome during computed tomography of skull – A case report

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-559
Author(s):  
Archana Rajasundaram ◽  
Nitya Waghray ◽  
W.M.S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Case Report ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dentate Nucleus ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Fahr’S Syndrome ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Calcification of basal ganglia is known as FAHR’s syndrome or FAHR’s disease.  It’s a rare phenomenon which generally affects the young to middle aged adults. A 39-year-old female was sent to the radiology department of Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai for computed tomography (CT) as she had a fall and injured her forehead. An axial plain CT scan without contrast was advised and performed. The CT study revealed mild frontal peri cranial swelling and calcification of dentate nucleus, basal ganglia, central semiovale and frontoparietal subcortical white matter was observed. On examination, however patient did not present with any other movement disorders.

Pemphigoid Nodularis

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Al-Salhi ◽  
Ru'aa Alharithy
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Rare Variant ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Prurigo Nodularis ◽  
Clinical Variant ◽  
Pemphigoid Nodularis

Background Pemphigoid nodularis is a rare clinical variant of bullous pemphigoid characterized by overlapping clinical features of both prurigo nodularis lesions and bullous pemphigoid blisters. The condition appears to be more common in females and is often resistant to treatment. Objective To raise awareness of this rare variant of bullous pemphigoid. Methods Case report. Results and Conclusion Dermatologists should include this variant in differential diagnosis of prurigo nodularis because early recognition can lead to an effective treatment for the prurigo component.

scholarly journals Unilateral Laterothoracic Exanthem – Asymmetric Periflexural Exanthem of Childhood – a Case Report and Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Sonja Prćić ◽  
Zorica Gajinov ◽  
Anica Radulović ◽  
Milan Matić ◽  
Aleksandra Matić
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Skin Eruption ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
The Body

Abstract Unilateral laterothoracic exanthem (ULE), or asymmetric periflexural exanthem of childhood (APEC), is an uncommon skin eruption that usually occurs in childhood, with unilateral distribution and self limiting course. The etiology of ULE is unknown, but viral cause is suspected. We report a case of ULE in a 4-year-old girl, that was associated with parvo virus B19 infection, and a brief selected literature review. The patient presented with unilateral maculopapular rash on the left side of the body which was asymptomatic and resolved spontaneously within 5 weeks. The clinical diagnosis of ULE may be precise, ruling out a broad spectrum of differential diagnosis, and prevent unnecessary examinations, whereas the patient is informed about the benign self-limiting nature of ULE.

scholarly journals Case report of the treatment and experience of mental disorders due to chronic viral encephalitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. e100340
Author(s):  
Mingming Zheng ◽  
Ran Bi ◽  
Yezhe Lin ◽  
Cuizhen Zhu ◽  
Daomin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mental Symptoms

Viral encephalitis is a common clinical condition. Its clinical manifestations are variable and include neurological symptoms and psychiatric abnormalities, which makes clinical diagnosis and treatment difficult. To date, there are only a few reported cases on mental symptoms of chronic viral encephalitis. We present a case of a 16-year-old male patient who was previously hospitalised and diagnosed with schizophrenia and treated with aripiprazole 15 mg/day but failed to respond. The patient was then given antiviral therapy and recovered after 2 weeks. Clinicians should be aware of the possbility that chronic mental disorders could be caused by viral encephalitis. In the future, diagnosis of chronic functional mental disorders should include viral encephalitis in the differential diagnosis.

Infantile Autism: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Etiology, and Prognosis—A Research Review

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan E. Brooker ◽  
Thomas R. Mareth
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Infantile Autism ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Few Data

The limited literature on infantile autism is examined for information on clinical features, differential diagnosis, etiology, and prognosis. While personal history usually provides a basis for clinical diagnosis, there are few data on which to plan effectively.

scholarly journals Findings of Fahr’s Syndrome in A Patient Suspected With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Gilbert Sterling Octavius ◽  
Theo Audi Yanto ◽  
Nicholas Gabriel H.R. ◽  
Eka Julianta Wahjoepramono ◽  
Harsan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Head Ct ◽  
Fahr’S Syndrome ◽  
Chief Complaints

ABSTRACT Fahr’s syndrome is an entity where there is symmetrical bilateral calcification of basal ganglia with parkinsonian and psychiatric symptoms. However, due to its rarity, clinicians tend not to include Fahr’s syndrome in their differential diagnosis. This article aims to raise awareness about the diagnosis of Fahr’s Syndrome through its unique presentation in this patient. Data was obtained primarily and secondarily. In this case, a 32 years old male was referred to our clinic with chief complaints of headache since a week prior and a seizure 5 days ago. A head CT and a CT angiography (CTA) of the circulus willisi were done and a bilateral and symmetrical calcification of the corona radiata, basal ganglia, thalamus, and nucleus dentatus were found. There is also hypocalcemia and low Parathyroid Hormone (PTH). Fahr’s Syndrome may manifest unusually and hence clinicians have to be aware of diagnosing this entity. Keywords: Fahr’s Disease, Fahr’s Syndrome   ABSTRAK Sindroma Fahr’s merupakan sebuah penyakit yang ditandai dengan kalsifikasi bilateral sietris dari basal ganglia dengan gejala psikatri dan parkinsonisme. Namun, akibat jarangnya ditemukan penyakit ini, klinisi cenderung tidak memikirkan sindroma Fahr’s sebagai salah satu diagnosis banding. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kewaspadaan terhadap diagnosis Sindroma Fahr’s melalui presentasi unik pada pasien ini. Data diambil secara primer dan sekunder. Pada kasus ini, seorang laki-laki berusia 32 tahun dirujuk dengan keluhan utama sakit kepala sejak satu minggu dan kejang 5 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Computed Tomography (CT) scan kepala dan Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) dari sirkulus willisi dilakukan dan ditemukan adanya kalsifikasi bilateral simetris pada korona radiata, basal ganglia, talamus dan nukleus dentatus. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium ditemukan adanya hipokalsemia dan hormon paratiroid (PTH) yang rendah. Sindroma Fahr’s dapat datang dengan presentasi yang tidak khas sehingga para klinisi harus lebih tajam dalam mendiagnosis kasus ini. Kata kunci: Penyakit Fahr’s, Sindroma Fahr’s

scholarly journals Fahr’s syndrome as a differential diagnosis amid parkinsonian syndromes: a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana de Rezende Mikael ◽  
Coralia Gabrielle Vieira Silveira ◽  
Camilla Duarte Ribeiro ◽  
Daniel Damiani ◽  
Pedro Henrique de Lara Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Parkinsonian Syndrome ◽  
Parkinsonian Syndromes ◽  
Fahr’S Syndrome ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
The Right

Context: Parkinsonian syndromes are routinely identified by neurologists. However, the differential diagnosis among probable etiologies can be challenging and complex. In Fahr’s syndrome, calcifications of the basal ganglia secondary to disorders of calcium metabolism are observed. A possible clinical presentation associated with this entity is the presence of a parkinsonian syndrome. Case report: A 54-years-old female patient presented with a progressive tremor in the right upper and lower limbs associated with bradykinesia. Seizures were observed during the course of the disease. After extensive clinical workup, primary hypoparathyroidism was diagnosticated along with the recognition of a mutation in the calcium activator gene. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed bilateral coarse calcifications in thalami and basal ganglia compatible with Fahr’s syndrome. We began treatment for control of the underlying disease, as well as for symptomatic control of parkinsonism. Conclusions: Different pathologies could justify the parkinsonian syndrome observed initially in the case described. Among them: Iidiopathic Parkinson’s Disease, Multiple System Atrophy, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. In our patient, the atypical evolution in a young woman led to the research of possible secondary treatable causes. A diagnosis of Fahr’s syndrome related to hypoparathyroidism was unveiled. The differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s Syndrome is broad and difficult. We must be aware of the possible atypical presentations due to the possibility of a secondary condition whose etiology could be effectively treated.

scholarly journals Miller Fisher Syndrome: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1193
Author(s):  
Shubhransu Patro ◽  
Vipin S. ◽  
Pankaj K. Khora ◽  
Payod K. Jena
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Miller Fisher Syndrome ◽  
Fisher Syndrome ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
History Of

Miller Fisher Syndrome (MFS) is an uncommon variant of Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS). It is largely a clinical diagnosis based on the cardinal clinical features of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia. The following case report is that of a patient who presented with an acute history of reeling of head, difficulty in opening the eyelids and swaying while walking, on clinical examination revealed the above-mentioned cardinal features and on investigation showed positive serum anti GQ1b antibody titer. The patient started recovering with conservative management and was discharged in the recovery phase.

scholarly journals Pemphigus foliaceus as a differential diagnosis in vesicobullous lesions

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise de Almeida Ferreira Fonseca ◽  
Célia Antônia Xavier de Moraes Alves ◽  
Ivan Aprahamian ◽  
Clóvis Antônio Lopes Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Pemphigus Foliaceus ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

ABSTRACT Given the challenge of clinical diagnosis of bullous skin lesions, this report aimed to discuss the histological changes, the presentation and clinical reasoning for diagnosis of these lesions. At the same time, the importance of the pathology was reviewed to identify these clinical scenarios. In this case report, we highlighted the clinical progression of a case of pemphigus foliaceus.

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