Разнородность мутантной коллекции томата по типу роста и габитусу растений

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.53040/gppb7.2021.61 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Милания Маковей ◽

◽

Анатолий Ганя ◽

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Economically Valuable Traits ◽

Mutant Collection

The article presents the results of studying a mutant collection of tomato by the nature of the man-ifestation of such economically valuable traits as the type of growth and habit of plants. Shown high dif-ferentiation between mutants samples, 6 varieties were identified by the type of plant growth: 1. indeter-minate (32.2%), 2. semi-determinant (10.4%), 3. determinant (33.6%), 4. super-determinant (15.6%), 5. dwarfs (21.7%), and 6. columnar (0.008%). Indeterminate and determinant types are subdivided into subtypes: a) indeterminate ordinary and indeter-minate standard; b) determinant ordinary and determinant standard. Of greatest practical interest are the genotypes belonging to the 1, 3 and 5 groups.

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EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF PLANT ONTOGENESIS CONDITIONS AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF THEIR CULTIVATION IN A CLOSED ECOSYSTEM – SYNERGOTRON

Bulletin of Russian academy of natural sciences ◽

10.52531/1682-1696-2021-21-1-46-53 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 46-53

Author(s):

V.V. Latushkin ◽

◽

V.N. Zelenkov ◽

A.A. Lapin ◽

Р.А. Vernik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Crop Production ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Agricultural Biotechnology ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Experimental Modeling ◽

Digital Device ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Conducting Research

The use of various closed agrobiotechnological systems (ecosystems) in crop production and agricultural biotechnology is of considerable scientific and practical interest for solving both fundamental (photosynthesis and plant variability) and applied (search for growth regulators and development of biotechnologies) issues in conducting research. The paper presents the results of biological and technological tests in a series of experiments on modeling the influence of plant growth parameters and various technologies for growing salad crops using a prototype of a software-digital device of a closed agrobiotechnological system of the synergotron class of the ISR 1.01 model

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Study of economically valuable traits and technological properties in maize from the Zea mays L. collection of VIR

PROCEEDINGS ON APPLIED BOTANY GENETICS AND BREEDING ◽

10.30901/2227-8834-2020-4-56-64 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 181 (4) ◽

pp. 56-64

Author(s):

M. R. Gonikova ◽

V. I. Khoreva ◽

V. G. Goldshtein ◽

L. P. Nosovskaya ◽

L. V. Adikaeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Starch Content ◽

Protein A ◽

Practical Interest ◽

High Yield ◽

Deep Processing ◽

Grain Processing ◽

Russian Scientific ◽

Russian Scientific Research Institute ◽

Economically Valuable Traits ◽

Feed Protein

Background. Innovative technologies for deep processing of grain are widely used in maize grain processing with the release of the grain germ for subsequent extraction of oil and starch from it or production of sugar substitutes in the form of fructose syrup and alcohol, bakery or feed protein. A search for economically valuable sources of maize starch, useful byproducts of its processing, and natural modification of starch for deep processing is vital.Materials and methods. Ten high-starch maize accessions from the VIR collection, isolated by IR spectrometry, were studied. Starch content was measured according to GOST 10845-98, GOST 13586.5-93, GOST 10847-74 and GOST ISO 6647-1-2015 standards. Processing of grain into starch and assessment of the content of amylose and byproducts were carried out at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Starch Products in 2018 according to L. P. Nosovskaya et al. The actual content of starch and its byproducts during deep grain processing was determined. The values of the actual percentage of dry matter (DM, %) in grain, mass fraction of starch, ash content, as well as the yield of extract, pulp, embryo, gluten, process water and starch were determined.Results. Accessions with a high yield of starch (k-4520, k-9301 and k-24730), germ (k-4520. k-8785 and k-24731), pulp (k-4520, k-8785, k-9991 and k-24732) and protein (k8785) were identified as well as those with a percentage of amylopectin in starch above 82% (k-24730 and k-24733) and 100% (k-5461 and k-9991), and amylose above 30% (k4520 and k-9301).Conclusion. Of practical interest in terms of the actual yield of starch (% DM in grain) are accessions k-4520, k-9301, k-24730, k-9991, k-5461 and k-4520. According to the results of breeding tests, accessions k-24730, k-24732 and k-24733 had the following values of starch harvest calculated for grain yield: 4.66, 4.41 and 4.18 t/ha, respectively.

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STARCH CONTENT IN CORN GRAIN DEPENDING ON ROOT FEEDING

Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.37128/2707-5826-2020-4-2 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 15-28

Author(s):

Vitalii Palamarchuk ◽

Vladislav Pidlubny ◽

Vadym Krychkovskyi ◽

Oleg Kovalenko

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Regulator ◽

Plant Growth Regulator ◽

Starch Content ◽

Content Increase ◽

Foliar Fertilization ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Economically Valuable Traits ◽

The Impact ◽

Corn Grain

The article presents the results of researching the impact of foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Ecolist Mono Zinc and Rostok Corn, plant growth regulator Vimpel and bacterial preparation Biomag on the complex of economically valuable traits and productivity of maize hybrids of different maturity groups (early ripening group: Kharkiv 195 MV, (FAO 190), DKS 2960 (FAO 250), DKS 2949 (FAO 190), DKS 2971 (FAO 200), middle-early: DKS 3472 (FAO 270), DKS 3420 (FAO 280), Pereyaslavsky 230 SV (FAO 230), DKS 3871 (FAO 280) and medium-ripe: DK 391 (FAO 320), DK 440 (FAO 350), DKS 4964 (FAO 390), DK 315 (FAO 310)). The dependence of foliar fertilization usage and the starch content in corn grain is generalized. One-time foliar feeding provided a starch content increase by 0.1-0.5%, double feeding - by 0.85-1.30%. The yield of starch was in hybrids DK 391 - 8,748 t / ha, DK 440 - 8,821 t / ha, DKS 4964 - 9,559 t / ha, DK 315 - 9,314 t / ha with a single feeding and with a double feeding it was significantly higher - 9,220 t / ha, - 9,384 t / ha, 10,142 t / ha, 9,993 t / ha, accordingly. The highest yield of starch in all hybrids was provided by double application of microfertilizer Ecolist Mono Zinc (8,983-10,595 t / ha) and Rostok corn (8,721-10,597 t / ha), the increase in starch yield with the use of these fertilizers was 0.5-1.8 t / ha, relative to control (water supply). It is established that in dry years with high temperatures (2012) there is a decrease in starch content, regardless of the studied vegetation factors and cultivation technology. Foliar fertilization contributed to an increase in the starch content of the grain (by 0.1-0.46% in 2011-2013) compared to the control (without foliar fertilization). The highest starch content in the grain of the studied maize hybrids (70.92-76.72% and 71.45-76.72%) was provided by foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Ecolist Mono Zinc and Rostock corn. A decrease in the starch content was observed during crop treatment with the plant growth regulator Vimpel in the phase of 5-7 corn leaves on hybrids DKS 3420 by 0.36%, Pereyaslavsky 230SV by 0.11% and DKS 3871 by 0.5%, respectively.

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Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/bse0580061 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Paul B. Larsen

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽

Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽

Flower Senescence ◽

Detailed Knowledge ◽

Plant Growth And Development ◽

Step Process ◽

Ethylene Response ◽

Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

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