scholarly journals After the Millennium Development Goals. Remarks on the ethical assessment of global poverty reduction success

2018 ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Teppo Eskelinen
Keyword(s):  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Population Ethics ◽  
Ethical Assessment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Ethical Significance

The Millennium Development Goals were effective from 2000 to 2015. Statistics show that most of the goals were met, and particularly success in the goal of reducing extreme poverty (MDG1) gained wide recognition. Despite the strong ethical language related to poverty reduction, there has been little analysis of the ethical significance of the MDG achievements. Since statistical and ethical definitions and representations of poverty never completely overlap, conclusions concerning ethical progress are not directly available from the statistics. This article shows how this ethical significance can be analysed and what kinds of controversies and uncertainties relate to the issue. As part of this analysis, utilitarian issues, population ethics, and the social aspect of poverty are discussed. Keywords: poverty, Millennium Development Goals, statistics, ethics, poverty line

scholarly journals Halving Global Poverty

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Besley ◽  
Robin Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Millennium Development Goals—global targets that the world's leaders set at the Millennium Summit in September 2000—are an ambitious agenda for reducing poverty. As a central plank, these goals include halving the proportion of people living below a dollar a day from around 30 percent of the developing world’s population in 1990 to 15 percent by 2015—a reduction in the absolute number of poor of around one billion. This paper examines what economic research can tell us about how to fulfill these goals. It begins by discussing poverty trends on a global scale—where the poor are located in the world and how their numbers have been changing over time. It then discusses the relationship of economic growth and income distribution to poverty reduction. Finally, it suggests an evidence-based agenda for poverty reduction in the developing world.

scholarly journals Development Assistance and Poverty Reduction in Central Asia

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kment ◽  
Vladimir Krepl ◽  
Patrick Francis Kapila
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract This article deals with official development assistance (ODA) in Central Asia and with relation of the ODA to the Millennium Development Goals. We look at present development in the sphere of poverty reduction and also at dependence between ODA and GDP growth in a selected country - Kyrgyzstan. ODA per capita and several other indicators are highest in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. The time series using poverty ratio indicators for Kyrgyzstan shows that between 2004 and 2011 there was a decline in the percentage of population under the poverty line. The trend generated using analogous time series for Kazakhstan and Tajikistan is similar. However, the internal situation in the region of interest is unstable. The dependence between ODA and GDP growth apparently does not exist in the region of interest. Further aid would be appropriate to focus on development projects’ themes already successfully conducted in selected areas and selected social groups.

scholarly journals For richer, for poorer: China embraces global poverty reduction?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gerald Chan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Responsible Member

Has China embraced global poverty reduction? To what extent has it done so? China faces three paradoxes in trying to alleviate poverty: first, the country is on the whole getting richer, becoming one of the largest economies in the world, yet huge pockets of extreme poverty exist in the country. Second, it wants to be taken seriously as a responsible member of the international community. It would therefore like to be treated as a normal aid giver helping the poor in the developing world. Yet its own people are crying out loud for better social services at home. Third, while it wants to be respected by others in the world, it has been accused by other countries of ignoring, if not abusing, human rights in the Third World in its relentless search for natural resources, trade and investments. This paper aims to unravel these paradoxes by examining China’s foreign aid and its adherence or otherwise to the UN Millennium Development Goals. In so doing, the paper assesses China’s unilateral approach as well as its multilateral approach to poverty alleviation. It argues that China’s overall approach has become more multilateral in nature but the change has been slow and incremental. Its influence in global poverty reduction, though increasing, is still limited.

The Millennium Development Goals and the Politics of Global Poverty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Water Privatization ◽  
Relative Priority ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Political Dimensions

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), endorsed by 189 governments at the Millennium Summit, propose a concerted global effort to reduce the incidence of severe poverty and many of its most serious manifestations over a twenty-five-year period. The MDGs offer crucial insights into the politics of poverty and poverty reduction in international affairs. Their political dimensions can be analyzed in terms of agency, the nature and limits of accountability, the use and manipulation of quantitative goals for political ends, the dangerous illusion that MDG objectives can be accomplished in large part by mobilizing more development assistance, and the MDGs’ distinctly apolitical approach to the structural causes of poverty. The MDG initiative should be situated in three ongoing streams of debate and discussion: the debate over the relative priority of growth and of human development for poverty reduction; the tension between the assertion of rights and the enunciation of donor-driven goals as the political engine of poverty reduction; and the debate over the roles of markets and of state direction and regulation. While the MDGs concentrate on increasing aid flows to reduce the incidence of poverty and its manifestations, international trade and finance arrangements too often impede rapid progress. This is evident in water privatization, trade rules, and anti-retroviral medicines for HIV/AIDS patients. A way forward is to integrate the MDGs more deeply with human rights guarantees. Donors, for example, must take seriously the 2002 Draft Guidelines for the application of human rights to poverty reduction strategies.

scholarly journals Halfway up the highway: Can Nepal meet its Health Millennium Development Goals?

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (173) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Vaidya ◽  
N Jha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Trap ◽  
World Community ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Key Words Development ◽  
Development Goals

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are international objectives on poverty reduction adopted by the world community and provide the broad context for this revolution in thinking and practice. The MDGs place a central focus on public health, in recognition of the fact that improvements in public health are vital not only in their own right but also to break the poverty trap of the world's poorest economies. Nepal has been committed to achieving the MDGs since it endorsed the Millennium Declaration. As we have at present just passed the midway through the 15 years to MDGs deadline of 2015, this article reviews the status of Nepal in achieving the MDGs, the challenges it faces and whether it can achieve the MDGs by 2015.Key words: development, goals, health, millennium, Nepal

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF MALAYSIAN SUSTAINABLE BUILDING ASSESSMENT TOOLS: THE SOCIAL DIMENSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Razlin Mansor ◽  
Sheau-Ting Low
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
The Social ◽  
Building Assessment ◽  
Development Goals

Building assessment tools have been introduced for nearly two decades to specifically recognize buildings performance towards sustainable development goals. However, the requirements to achieve sustainability in buildings are mainly focused on the environmental and economic aspects, while the significance of social aspects has been scarcely emphasized in many building assessments tools. This paper presents a review of social aspects in the sustainable building assessment tools adopted in Malaysia. In total, four building assessment tools are selected and discussed with the aim to identify to what extent the building assessment tools cover the social dimension. The results of the content analysis indicate that the assessment tools have included partial criteria of social aspects but the scope could further expand to preserve the key features of the social aspects including quality of life, human health, and environmental satisfaction. The findings provide a valuable overview of the building assessment tools and address gaps in existing building assessment tools from a social aspect perspective.

scholarly journals Women Empowerment for Poverty Reduction in Ring-1 Rural Area of a Cement Company in Tuban, East Java Province, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Rustinsyah Rustinsyah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Religious Festivals ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village

The existence of a cement company in a rural area may influence the local people, including women who are not employed by the company. This study aims at presenting the case of women empowerment in a Ring-1 area of a cement company in Indonesia. The research used qualitative approach. The results show that the company’s existence with its CSR programs have helped empowering rural women in social, educational, religious, organizational, and economic aspects. The social aspect is shown in the health programs. The educational aspect can be seen in the provision of scholarships for formal education and non-formal training. The religious aspect is actualized in the form of incentives for religion teachers and religious festivals. The organizational aspect is shown in the involvement of women in PKM management. Finally, the economic aspect includes: a) the construction of village road infrastructure as compensation of taxes derived from the company; b) the inclusion of workers from outside the village encourages the emergence of food stalls, grocery stalls, gasoline kiosks, and boarding houses; and c) the development of traditional markets. This study confirms that the company’s existence has encouraged rural women to improve their livelihoods and help alleviate their families from poverty.

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