Cognitive impairment and mood disorder in the subacute phase of Ischemic Stroke

Background: Ischemic strokes (IS) patients usually present cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders. Studies describe this coexistence in the chronic phase, although alterations may relate with acute damage to emotion and cognition circuits Objectives: Assess cognitive and psychiatric symptoms during the subacute phase of IS. Design and setting: A prospective study, screening patients admitted in the Stroke Unit of Hospital Municipal Odilon Behrens, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Adults with acute IS and healthy controls were submitted to neuropsychological tests between 30 and 60 days after the event. Incidental, immediate and working memory, learning, late recall, recognition, phonemic verbal fluency, attention and facial emotion recognition were evaluated. Results: Eighteen patients were evaluated in the subacute phase, and twenty-one participants composed the control group, showing no socioeconomic differences between them. There was significant difference in immediate memory (p <0,01), late recall (p<0,05) and recognition (p<0,03) tests from the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, and in the depression subscale from Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (p <0,04). Although there was no significant difference in Facial Emotion Recognition Test (p=0,745), the expression of sadness positively correlated with levels of anxiety (rho=0,587, p<0,05) and depression (rho=0,598, p<0,01), while the expression of fear negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (rho=0,481, p<0,05). Conclusion: Cognitive deficits and psychiatric symptoms in the subacute phase of IS are probably associated with memory impairments. Furthermore, depression and anxiety symptoms may influence the emotion recognition.

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Clinical symptomatology and facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia: Which relationship?

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.066 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S96-S96

Author(s):

A. Arous ◽

J. Mrizak ◽

R. Trabelsi ◽

A. Aissa ◽

H. Ben Ammar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Recognition ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Facial Emotions ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia show impairments in social cognitive abilities, such as recognizing facial emotions. However, the relationships between specific deficits of emotion recognition and with clusters of psychotic remain unclear.ObjectivesTo explore whether facial emotion recognition was associated with severity of symptoms and to which presentation of psychotic symptoms.MethodsFacial emotion recognition (FER) were evaluated in 58 patients with stable schizophrenia with a newly validated FER task constructed from photographs of the face of a famous Tunisian actress representing the Ekman's six basic emotions (happiness, anger, disgust, sadness, fear, and surprise). Symptomatology evaluation comprised the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Clinical Global Impressions Scale Improvement and severity (CGI).ResultsPatients who failed to identify anger had significantly higher scores in hyperactivity item (P < 0.0001). The patients who had a difficulty to identify sadness had more grandiosity (P ≤ 0.002). The impairment in happiness recognition was correlated with hallucination (P = 0.007) and delusion (P = 0.024) items. Incapacity to identify fear was associated to lack of judgment and insight (P = 0.004).ConclusionsDeficits in recognition of specific facial emotions may reflect severity of psychiatric symptoms. They may be related to specific clusters of psychotic symptoms, which need to be confirmed in further studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Beeinträchtigtes Erkennen emotionaler Gesichtsausdrücke durch psychiatrische Patientinnen bei Alexithymie

Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie ◽

10.1024/1661-4747/a000135 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 7-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Dittrich ◽

Gregor Domes ◽

Susi Loebel ◽

Christoph Berger ◽

Carsten Spitzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Recognition ◽

Emotional Expression ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Check List ◽

Psychosomatische Erkrankungen ◽

Psychiatrische Patienten ◽

Symptom Check List ◽

Tas 20

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Hypothese eines mit Alexithymie assoziierten Defizits beim Erkennen emotionaler Gesichtsaudrücke an einer klinischen Population. Darüber hinaus werden Hypothesen zur Bedeutung spezifischer Emotionsqualitäten sowie zu Gender-Unterschieden getestet. 68 ambulante und stationäre psychiatrische Patienten (44 Frauen und 24 Männer) wurden mit der Toronto-Alexithymie-Skala (TAS-20), der Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Scale (MADRS), der Symptom-Check-List (SCL-90-R) und der Emotional Expression Multimorph Task (EEMT) untersucht. Als Stimuli des Gesichtererkennungsparadigmas dienten Gesichtsausdrücke von Basisemotionen nach Ekman und Friesen, die zu Sequenzen mit sich graduell steigernder Ausdrucksstärke angeordnet waren. Mittels multipler Regressionsanalyse untersuchten wir die Assoziation von TAS-20 Punktzahl und facial emotion recognition (FER). Während sich für die Gesamtstichprobe und den männlichen Stichprobenteil kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen TAS-20-Punktzahl und FER zeigte, sahen wir im weiblichen Stichprobenteil durch die TAS-20 Punktzahl eine signifikante Prädiktion der Gesamtfehlerzahl (β = .38, t = 2.055, p < 0.05) und den Fehlern im Erkennen der Emotionen Wut und Ekel (Wut: β = .40, t = 2.240, p < 0.05, Ekel: β = .41, t = 2.214, p < 0.05). Für wütende Gesichter betrug die Varianzaufklärung durch die TAS-20-Punktzahl 13.3 %, für angeekelte Gesichter 19.7 %. Kein Zusammenhang bestand zwischen der Zeit, nach der die Probanden die emotionalen Sequenzen stoppten, um ihre Bewertung abzugeben (Antwortlatenz) und Alexithymie. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit unterstützen das Vorliegen eines mit Alexithymie assoziierten Defizits im Erkennen emotionaler Gesichtsausdrücke bei weiblchen Probanden in einer heterogenen, klinischen Stichprobe. Dieses Defizit könnte die Schwierigkeiten Hochalexithymer im Bereich sozialer Interaktionen zumindest teilweise begründen und so eine Prädisposition für psychische sowie psychosomatische Erkrankungen erklären.

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Facial Expression Processing of Children Orphaned by Parental HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional ERP Study with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18199995 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (19) ◽

pp. 9995

Author(s):

Qi Zhao ◽

Hui He ◽

Huang Gu ◽

Junfeng Zhao ◽

Peilian Chi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Recognition ◽

Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽

Emotional Processing ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Control Group ◽

Aids Orphans ◽

Hiv Aids

Existing behavioral studies have suggested that individuals with early life stress usually show abnormal emotional processing. However, limited event-related brain potentials (ERPs) evidence was available to explore the emotional processes in children orphaned by parental HIV/AIDS (“AIDS orphans”). The current study aims to investigate whether there are behavioral and neurological obstacles in the recognition of emotional faces in AIDS orphans and also to further explore the processing stage at which the difference in facial emotion recognition exists. A total of 81 AIDS orphans and 60 non-orphan children were recruited through the local communities and school systems in Henan, China. Participants completed a computer version of the rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task while recording ERPs. Behavioral results showed that orphans displayed higher response accuracy and shorter reaction time than the control (ps < 0.05). As for the ERPs analysis, the attenuated amplitude of N170 (i.e., an early component sensitive to facial configuration) was observed in AIDS orphans compared to the non-orphan control with happy and neutral faces; P300 (i.e., an endogenous component for affective valence evaluation in emotional processing) also showed significant differences in parietal lobe between groups, the non-orphan control group produced larger P300 amplitudes than orphans (p < 0.05). The results suggested that compared to the control group, AIDS orphans showed impaired facial emotion recognition ability with reduced brain activation.

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A Comparative Study of the Ability of Facial Emotional Expression Recognition and its Relationship with Communication Skills in Iranian Patients with Mood Disorders

Galen Medical Journal ◽

10.31661/gmj.v4i3.358 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 90-99

Author(s):

Seyed Hamid Seyednezhad Golkhatmi ◽

Samaneh Homayoni ◽

Nour Mohammad Bakhshani ◽

SeyedAlireza Sadjadi ◽

Mohsen Saidian Asl

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Mood Disorder ◽

Emotion Recognition ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Communication Skills ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Normal Group ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Facial emotion recognition impairment in psychiatric patients such as those with mood disorders and impaired communication skills in these patients is one of the most important issues. The present study aims to evaluate and compare facial emotion recognition among patients with depression, bipolar disorder who experience manic phase and the subjects of the normal group without a diagnosis of a disorder. Moreover, the present study aims to evaluate and compare the relationship between facial emotion recognition ability and communication skills among these patients. Materials and Methods: Participants of this study included 30 patients with depression, 30 patients with bipolar disorder and 30 subjects from a normal group; a total of 90 subjects who were selected using convenience sampling method. PC version of Ekman’s facial emotion test (1976) and Queendom’s interpersonal communication skills test (2004) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using statistical tests of correlation, one way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between facial emotion recognition in patients with mood disorder and the normal group. Moreover, there was a correlation between facial emotion recognition and communication skills among these patients. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study on facial emotion recognition impairment and its significant relationship with communication skills in patients with mood disorder, it can be said that paying attention to them is very important in treating these disorders and reducing the relapse of the disease.[GMJ. 2015;4(3):90-99]

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Facial Emotion Recognition in Children and Adolescents with Specific Learning Disorder

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10080473 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 473

Author(s):

Francesca Felicia Operto ◽

Grazia Maria Giovanna Pastorino ◽

Maria Stellato ◽

Lucia Morcaldi ◽

Luigi Vetri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Functions ◽

Emotion Recognition ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Learning Disorders ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specific Learning Disorder ◽

Specific Learning

Background: Some recent studies suggest that children and adolescents with different neurodevelopmental disorders perform worse in emotions recognition through facial expressions (ER) compared with typically developing peers. This impairment is also described in children with Specific Learning Disorders (SLD), compromising their scholastic achievement, social functioning, and quality of life. The purpose of our study is to evaluate ER skills in children and adolescents with SLD compared to a control group without learning disorders, and correlate them with intelligence and executive functions. Materials and Methods: Our work is a cross-sectional observational study. Sixty-three children and adolescents aged between 8 and 16 years, diagnosed with SLD, and 32 sex/age-matched controls without learning disorders were recruited. All participants were administered standardized neuropsychological tests, evaluating facial emotion recognition (NEPSY-II), executive functions (EpiTrack Junior), and intelligence profile (WISC-IV). Results: Emotion recognition mean score was significantly lower in the SLD group than in the controls group on the Mann–Whitney U test for unpaired samples (p < 0.001). The SLD group performed significantly lower than the control group in their abilities to identify neutral expressions, happiness, sadness, anger, and fear compared to controls (p < 0.001). ER scores were positively correlated to the executive functions scores. There was no correlation with the Total Intelligence Quotient scores but there is a significant positive correlation with Working Memory Index and Processing Speed Index measured by WISC.IV. Conclusion: Our study showed that children and adolescents with Specific Learning Disorders have facial emotion recognition impairment when compared with a group of peers without learning disorders. ER abilities were independent of their global intelligence but potentially related to executive functions.

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Clinical correlates of social cognition after an ischemic stroke: preliminary findings

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-020010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 223-229

Author(s):

Maria de Fátima Dias de Souza ◽

Maíra Glória de Freitas Cardoso ◽

Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira ◽

Natália Pessoa Rocha ◽

Talita Hélen Ferreira e Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Emotion Recognition ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Digit Span ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Control Group ◽

Depression Symptoms

ABSTRACT. The co-occurrence of post-stroke behavioral disorders and cognitive impairment has been extensively investigated. However, studies usually do not include social cognition among the assessed cognitive domains. Objective: To investigate the potential association between facial emotion recognition, a measure of social cognition, and behavioral and cognitive symptoms in the subacute phase of ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients admitted to a Stroke Unit with ischemic stroke were followed up to 60 days. At this time point, they were evaluated with the following tools: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB); Visual Memory Test of the Brief Cognitive Battery (VMT); Phonemic Verbal Fluency (F-A-S Test); Digit Span; Facial Emotion Recognition Test (FERT) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A control group composed of 21 healthy individuals also underwent the same evaluation. Results: Eighteen patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study. They had similar age, sex and schooling years compared to controls. Depression symptoms and episodic memory deficits were significantly more frequent in patients compared to controls. The recognition of sadness expression positively correlated with the levels of anxiety and depression, while and the recognition of fear expression negatively correlated with depression in the stroke group. Conclusions: After an ischemic stroke, patients exhibit impairment in social cognition skills, specifically facial emotion recognition, in association with behavioral symptoms.

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Facial Emotion Recognition and Faux Pas Interpretation in Multiple Sclerosis

Brain Impairment ◽

10.1017/brimp.2015.33 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 158-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Henry ◽

S. Bakchine ◽

A. Maarouf ◽

M. P. Chaunu ◽

L. Rumbach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Control Group ◽

Cognitive Disability ◽

The Social ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Impact

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system leading to physical and cognitive disability. The impact of the disease on social cognition has only come to light quite recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the social cognition abilities of MS patients and their links with characteristics of the disease, such as physical disability, cognitive impairment and disease duration.The performances of a group of 64 MS patients were compared with that of 30 matched healthy individuals in facial emotion recognition and Faux Pas tasks as well as on a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests.The MS patients performed worse than the control group in the recognition of the expressions of fear and anger and in the interpretation of faux pas. The impairment in social cognition increased with overall disease course. Executive impairment did not correlate with the performance in the social cognition tests.Our results show that emotional impairment is observed at early stages of the disease in the absence of cognitive dysfunction, even if social cognition abilities worsen with the progression of MS. These data highlight the need to attempt to identify these impairments in clinical practice.

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