scholarly journals SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE IN THE BRAZILIAN POPULATION: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF AN ONLINE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Almeida ◽  
Carina Spedo ◽  
Ari Pedro Balieiro Júnior ◽  
Paulo Caramelli ◽  
Sonia Brucki ◽  
...  

Background: We observe Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) when patients perceive a decline in their cognitive functions, but this decline is not detected in neuropsychological assessments. Few studies have investigated the prevalence of SCD in the Brazilian population. Objective: Analyze the profile of 50+ years Brazilian people regarding SCD through a self-administered online questionnaire Methods: Cross-sectional study, in the online modality. The recruitment of participants took place through email, Facebook, and WhatsApp. Results: We received 1440 responses, mainly from the country’s Southeast region (80.0%). Most of the respondents were female (67.0%), with a mean age of 58.7 (SD=8.5) years, heterosexual (97.3%), skin color referred to as white (84.5%), married (67.6%), post-graduated (51.0%) and working, but not retired (45.5%). About 55.0% reported that their memory has worsened over the past five years and 50.0% of those informed that the worsening of memory worries them. For 38.0% of the respondents, their memory is adequate. Regarding cognitive functions in the last five years, 41.0% claim that they have had problems with attention or concentration, 46.0% that their reasoning has slowed down, and 55% that they have had issues with language. Conclusion: An expressive proportion of the analyzed sample perceived a decline in their cognition at some level.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 12787-12816
Author(s):  
Paulo Afonso Mei ◽  
Amanda Sasse ◽  
Ana Lara Navarrete Fernandez ◽  
Bárbara Neiva Perri ◽  
Breno Alexander Bispo ◽  
...  

Introduction: The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has caused distress and repercussions in mental and physical health of individuals. Depression, anxiety and worsening of sleep quality have been reported in several recent articles that surveyed populations all over the globe. Our work meant to access, through a cross-sectional study, these disorders in the Brazilian population, through the application of an online questionnaire conducted on the second trimester of 2020. Materials and Methods: We applied an online questionnaire, filled with questions regarding social, economic, financial, educational and health status, as well as questions from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Results: We collected 2,695 valid answers, from April 24th to May 31st, 2020. Age ranged from 18 to 79 years, mean of 31.3. Women were 76.3%, men 23.7%. Symptoms of Anxiety were found in 56.5%, of depression in 46.1%, and of bad sleep in 49.2%. Some groups were more prone than others to one or more of those conditions, such as: younger people, women, mestizos, people with lesser years of education, of lower income or whose income dropped significantly during the pandemic, caregivers, students, sedentary or people practicing less physical activity, people who followed more hours of news of COVID-19 and those less engaged in social and instrumental activities.Conclusion: anxiety, depression and bad sleep quality were significantly high in our survey. Mental and sleep health is heterogeneously affected among individuals, depending on social, economic, financial, educational and health status.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chia Wei ◽  
Li-Yuan Huang ◽  
Chih-Ken Chen ◽  
Chemin Lin ◽  
Yu-Chiau Shyu ◽  
...  

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is one of the early warning signs of objective cognition impairment and dementia. Methods: This cross-sectional study screened SCD and studied multiple domains of mental health, lifestyle, and life quality of the community-dwelling people in the northern coastal region of Taiwan. Results: Among 426 valid AD8 questionnaires, a cutoff of score 2 divided subjects into 115 with SCD (SCD+) and 311 without SCD (SCD–). Analysis of age, sex, body compositions, and blood tests revealed an older age (60.7 ± 10.9 years) of the SCD+ group than the SCD– group (57.6 ± 12.0 years, p < 0.05). Further exclusion of subjects younger than 50 years eliminated age differences and left 100 with SCD (SCD+_50) and 229 without (SCD–_50). Multidomain comparisons of the SCD+_50 group over the SCD–_50 group were made: the Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire found a higher likelihood of depression; the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index revealed suboptimal sleep quality; the SF-36 showed inferior function of all 8 aspects of quality of life; the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile documented a less health-seeking lifestyle of nutrition, self-actualization, and stress management. Conclusions: Aging increased the SCD risk. People with SCD had suboptimal performance in mental health and life quality in addition to subjective cognition problems.


e-CliniC ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Mongisidi ◽  
Rizal Tumewah ◽  
Mieke A. H. N. Kembuan

Background: The cognitive impairment in elderly people is the major cause of the inability to execute the daily activity and of the major reason of the happening of care-dependence. There has not been any research about the profile of cognitive functions impairment in the District of Kawangkoan. Thus, the purpose of this research was to obtain the profile of cognitive functions impairment in the District of Kawangkoan. Methods: This was a descriptive survey with the design of cross-sectional study, which rolls out, the results of MMSE, TMT A, TMT B and CDT; the age, sex, education, occupations, family history of cognitive decline, marital status, the number of children, and the history of stroke and DM, and also the smoking profile of the participants. The subjects of this research were the elderly people that were the members of the old people foundations in the District of Kawangkoan. Results: There were 61 participants of this research, consisting of four males (6.6%) and 57 (94.4%) females participants. The result of this research shows that the MMSE scores were mostly normal (72.1%), the TMT A and the TMT B scores were both mostly abnormal (95.1% and the latter 72.1%), the CDT scores mostly normal (67.2%). In all these three instruments have the absolute result that was, the elderly people with older age has more numbers of participants with cognitive functions impairment than the younger age. The result also shows that the group of subjects with higher education has less numbers of cognitive decline subjects than the group of subjects with lower education. The subjects that had a former occupation as a teacher have the normal cognitive functions as the results of all the tests. Subjects that were married and have children, and do not have a history of stroke, DM and smoking got the score of normal cognitive functions. Conclusions: The cognitive functions of elderly people based on the MMSE and CDT scores, show that most of them have a normal cognitive functions where as the result of the TMT part A and the TMT part B show the opposite result that is most of the participants have an abnormal score. Key words: Cognitive functions impairment – Elderly peopleLatar Belakang: Penurunan fungsi kognitif pada lansia merupakan penyebab terbesar terjadinya ketidakmampuan dalam melakukan aktifitas normal sehari-hari, dan juga merupakan alasan tersering yang menyebabkan terjadinya ketergantungan terhadap orang lain untuk merawat diri sendiri. Belum pernah ada penelitian tentang profil penurunan fungsi kogntif di Kec. Kawangkoan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil penurunan fungsi kognitif pada lansia di Kecamatan Kawangkoan. Metode: Penelitian survey deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang, yang memaparkan data hasil pemeriksaan MMSE, TMT A, TMT B, CDT, umur, jenis kelamin; riwayat pendidikan, pekerjaan, keluarga dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif, status pernikahan dan jumlah anak, riwayat penyakit stroke, diabetes mellitus dan merokok. Subjek penelitian adalah para lansia yang menjadi anggota dari yayasan-yayasan manula yang ada di Kec. Kawangkoan. Hasil: Terdapat 61 sampel dari total 65 subjek penelitian. Sampel terdiri dari 4 orang berjenis kelamin laki-laki (6.6%) dan 57 perempuan (94.4%). Penelitian menunjukkan hasil pemeriksaan MMSE menunjukkan 72.1% normal, TMT A 95.1% tidak normal, pemeriksaan TMT B 72.1% tidak normal dan CDT67.2% normal. Pada hasil pemeriksaan ditemukan hasil absolut pada ketiga jenis pemeriksaan ini yaitu lebih banyak terdapat penurunan fungsi kognitif pada lansia dengan umur yang lebih tua. Profil fungsi kognitif berdasarkan riwayat pendidikan menunjukkan bahwa sampel dengan pendidikan kurang dari sembilan tahun sebagian besar mengalami penurunan fungsi kogntif. Riwayat pekerjaan guru seluruhnya memiliki hasil fungsi kognitif yang normal sedangkan sampel yang riwayat pekerjaannya petani lebih banyak mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif. Sampel yang tidak menikah dan tidak memiliki anak memiliki hasil penurunan fungsi kognitif yang dominan daripada yang menikah dan memiliki anak. Pada hasil ditemukan bahwa sampel yang memiliki riwayat stroke, DM dan merokok positif memiliki hasil penurunan fungsi kognitif yang dominan disbanding yang tidak memiliki riwayat stroke, DM dan merokok. Kesimpulan: Hasil pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif berdasarkan pemeriksaan MMSE dan CDT menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar lansia masih memiliki fungsi kogntif yang normal sedangkan pada TMT A dan TMT B ditemukan hasil sebaliknya di mana ditemukan hasil sebagian besar mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif. Kata Kunci: Penurunan fungsi kognitif – Lansia


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Afonso Mei ◽  
Amanda Sasse ◽  
Ana Lara Navarrete Fernandez ◽  
Barbara Neiva Perri ◽  
Breno Alexander Bispo ◽  
...  

Introduction: The new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has caused distress and repercussions in mental and physical health of individuals. Depression, anxiety and worsening of sleep quality have been reported in several recent articles that surveyed populations all over the globe. Our work meant to access, through a cross-sectional study, these disorders in the Brazilian population, through the application of an online questionnaire conducted on the second trimester of 2020. Materials and Methods: We applied an online questionnaire, filled with questions regarding social, economic, financial, educational and health status, as well as questions from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: We collected 2,695 valid answers, from April 24th to May 31st, 2020. Age ranged from 18 to 79 years, mean of 31.3. Women were 76.3%, men 23.7%. Symptoms of Anxiety were found in 56.5%, of depression in 46.1%, and of bad sleep in 49.2%. Some groups were more prone than others to one or more of those conditions, such as: younger people, women, mestizos, Northeasterners, people with lesser years of education, of lower income or whose income dropped significantly during the pandemic, caregivers, students, sedentary or people practicing less physical activity, people who followed more hours of news of COVID-19 and those less engaged in social and instrumental activities. Conclusion: anxiety, depression and bad sleep quality were significantly high in our survey. Mental and sleep health is heterogeneously affected among individuals, depending on social, economic, financial, educational and health status.


2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia Danielewicz ◽  
Katia Jakovljevic Pudla Wagner ◽  
Eleonora d'Orsi ◽  
Antonio Fernando Boing

Abstract: The aim of this study was to estimate the association between contextual income and cognitive decline in the elderly in Florianópolis, a medium-sized city in southern Brazil. A nested cross-sectional study was performed in a cohort of elderly ≥ 60 years (n = 1,197), interviewed in the second wave (2013/2014) of the EpiFloripa cohort. Cognitive decline was assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and contextual income was measured as the mean monthly income of the heads of households. Individual adjustment variables were sex, age, skin color, per capita household income, years of schooling, and time living in the neighborhood. The data were analyzed using multilevel logistic regression. The odds of cognitive decline were twice as high (OR = 1.99; 95%CI: 1.03; 3.87) in elderly living in census tracts with the lowest income quintile compared to those in the highest quintile, independently of individual characteristics. In conclusion, the socioeconomic environment is related to cognitive decline and should be considered in public policies with a focus on health of the elderly.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Jin Joo ◽  
Jae Hong Joo ◽  
Junhyun Kwon ◽  
Bich Na Jang ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park

AbstractSleep is being emphasized as a factor that improves mental health and quality of life. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between the quality and duration of sleep and subjective cognitive decline in the Korean population. We used the 2018 Korean Community Health Survey data that are nationwide representative data collected by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sleep quality was measured using the Korean version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The study population comprised 206,719 individuals aged 19 years and over. We used multiple logistic regression for the analysis. Individuals of both sexes with poor sleep quality were more likely to experience subjective cognitive decline compared with the reference group (good sleep quality) (men, odds ratio (OR) = 1.97 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.86–2.09]; women, OR = 1.75 [95% CI 1.67–1.84]). U-shape associations were found between sleep duration and subjective cognitive decline. Additionally, the presence of depressive symptom or stress and health-related behaviors, including smoking, drinking, and not walking, were high-risk factors for subjective cognitive decline. Our results indicate that poor sleep quality might contribute to subjective cognitive decline in the Korean population. We suggest the implementation of intervention measures for poor sleep behaviors to prevent cognitive decline.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2279
Author(s):  
Federica Grant ◽  
Maria Luisa Scalvedi ◽  
Umberto Scognamiglio ◽  
Aida Turrini ◽  
Laura Rossi

To limit the spread of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a nationwide lockdown started in Italy in March 2020. In this unpredictable situation, a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was carried out by the Observatory on Food Surplus, Recovery and Waste of CREA Food and Nutrition Centre. The aim of this work was to evaluate how Italian habits changed during this period, the determinants of changes, and the effect on food waste prevention. In a sample of 2678 respondents, 62% showed low Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (AMD). During lockdown many of participants improved the quality of their diet, increasing their consumption of fruit (24.4%), vegetables (28.5%), legumes (22.1%), nuts (12%), and fish or shellfish (14%). Unfavorable changes were observed with the excessive consumption of sweets or pastries (36.9%) and comfort foods (22.7%), and a lack of physical activity (37.2%). The main novelty of this study was the examination of dietary changes identified by a cluster analysis. Respondents with generally high AMD improved their eating habits, while the habits of the respondents with generally low AMD remained unchanged. In addition, nearly 80% of respondents were sensitive to food waste. The study provides a useful contribution to the debate on nutritional recommendations in case of further lockdown.


Author(s):  
Marta Maes-Carballo ◽  
Manuel Martín-Díaz ◽  
Luciano Mignini ◽  
Khalid Saeed Khan ◽  
Rubén Trigueros ◽  
...  

Objectives: To assess shared decision-making (SDM) knowledge, attitude and application among health professionals involved in breast cancer (BC) treatment. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study based on an online questionnaire, sent by several professional societies to health professionals involved in BC management. There were 26 questions which combined demographic and professional data with some items measured on a Likert-type scale. Results: The participation (459/541; 84.84%) and completion (443/459; 96.51%) rates were high. Participants strongly agreed or agreed in 69.57% (16/23) of their responses. The majority stated that they knew of SDM (mean 4.43 (4.36–4.55)) and were in favour of its implementation (mean 4.58 (4.51–4.64)). They highlighted that SDM practice was not adequate due to lack of resources (3.46 (3.37–3.55)) and agreed on policies that improved its implementation (3.96 (3.88–4.04)). The main advantage of SDM for participants was patient satisfaction (38%), and the main disadvantage was the patients’ paucity of knowledge to understand their disease (24%). The main obstacle indicated was the lack of time and resources (40%). Conclusions: New policies must be designed for adequate training of professionals in integrating SDM in clinical practice, preparing them to use SDM with adequate resources and time provided.


Author(s):  
Mohamed N. Al Arifi ◽  
Abdulrahman Alwhaibi

Objective: Fever alone can lead to rare serious complications in children, such as febrile seizures. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and behavior of parents toward fever and its management. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was applied over a period of 3 months, from January to March 2018, to parents who were living in Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria were a parent who is a resident of Saudi Arabia, with at least one child aged 6 years or less, while incomplete questionnaires, having a child aged more than 6 years, or parents who were not living in Saudi Arabia were excluded. Results: A total of 656 parents completed the questionnaire. More than two-thirds of the subjects were female, the majority of whom were aged between 25–33 years old. The best-reported place to measure the temperature of children was the armpit (46%), followed by the ear (28%) and the mouth (10.7%). More than half of the parents considered their children feverish at a temperature of 38 °C. The majority of parents (79.7%) reported that the most serious side effects of fever were seizure, brain damage (39.3%), coma (29.9%), dehydration (29.7%), and death (25%). The most common method used to measure a child’s temperature was an electronic thermometer (62.3%). The most common antipyretic was paracetamol (84.5%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the good knowledge of parents in identifying a feverish temperature using the recommended route and tools for measuring body temperature.


Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Abanoub Riad ◽  
Huthaifa Abdulqader ◽  
Mariana Morgado ◽  
Silvi Domnori ◽  
Michal Koščík ◽  
...  

Background: Acceleration of mass vaccination strategies is the only pathway to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare professionals and students have a key role in shaping public opinion about vaccines. This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of dental students globally towards COVID-19 vaccines and explore the potential drivers for students’ acceptance levels. Methods: A global cross-sectional study was carried out in February 2021 using an online questionnaire. The study was liaised by the scientific committee of the International Association of Dental Students (IADS), and data were collected through the national and local coordinators of IADS member organizations. The dependent variable was the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine, and the independent variables included demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related experience, and the drivers of COVID-19 vaccine-related attitude suggested by the WHO SAGE. Results: A total of 6639 students from 22 countries, representing all world regions, responded to the questionnaire properly. Their mean age was 22.1 ± 2.8 (17–40) years, and the majority were females (70.5%), in clinical years (66.8%), and from upper-middle-income economies (45.7%). In general, 22.5% of dental students worldwide were hesitant, and 13.9% rejected COVID-19 vaccines. The students in low- and lower-middle-income (LLMI) economies had significantly higher levels of vaccine hesitancy compared to their peers in upper-middle- and high-income (UMHI) economies (30.4% vs. 19.8%; p < 0.01). Conclusions: The global acceptance level of dental students for COVID-19 vaccines was suboptimal, and their worrisome level of vaccine hesitancy was influenced by the socioeconomic context where the dental students live and study. The media and social media, public figures, insufficient knowledge about vaccines, and mistrust of governments and the pharmaceutical industry were barriers to vaccination. The findings of this study call for further implementation of epidemiology (infectious diseases) education within undergraduate dental curricula.


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