scholarly journals Foliar epidermal anatomy and its taxonomic implications within the family Euphorbiaceae in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 048-055
Author(s):  
Onisodumeya Elemchukwu James ◽  
Blessing Opakirite Green ◽  
Mercy Gospel Ajuru ◽  
Victoria Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Stomatal Complex ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cell Shapes ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Epidermal Features

Micro-morphological investigations of the foliar epidermal anatomy of seven species of the family Euphorbiaceae: Acalypha hispidia Burm. f., A. wilkesiana Mull. Arg, Euphorbia heterophylla L., E. hirta L., Jatropha curcas L., J. gossypifolia L. and Manihot esculenta Crantz was carried out to assess the systematic relevance of epidermal features, stomata and trichome diversity within the family using light microscope and camera. Members of this family contain many important medicinal herbs and there has been increasing misidentification of species in this family. Leaf micro-morphological characteristics are commonly used in the identification and authentication of plants. Results showed that the stomatal index varied from species to species. Epidermal cell shapes were found to be irregular to polygonal on both surfaces of the species. The epidermal cells possess straight to undulating anticlinal walls but in some few cases exhibited wavy to straight anticlinal walls. The presence of papillae was observed to be a unique character of E. heterophylla among the species studied. The stomatal types observed were Anisocytic, Anomocytic, Diacytic, tetracytic, paracytic, and actinocytic. The stomatal complex was mainly amphistomatic except for A. wilkesiana that was hypostomatic. The hypostomatic character of A. wilkesiana as reported in this paper is the first of such report as previous report found was amphistomatic. Non-glandular, multiseriate uniseriate and in some cases branched trichome types were observed only on both surfaces of A. wilkesiana and E. hirta but absent on all other studied species. This study revealed detailed descriptive micromorphological structures which could serve as a source of information and reference for the taxonomic description, identification and delineation of the species studied.

scholarly journals Leaf epidermal anatomy of Ipomoea carnea Jacq sampled from selected areas in Gombe State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
H.M. Abba ◽  
A Abdullahi ◽  
U.A. Yuguda
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Complex Type ◽  
Stomatal Complex ◽  
Stomatal Size ◽  
Ipomoea Carnea ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Cell Shapes ◽  
Epidermal Features

Leaf epidermal microscopy of Ipomoea carnea Jacq was studied to investigate the structure of the stomata and epidermal features which may be used for delimitation of the specie. Fresh leaves of Ipomoea carnea were obtained from five different LGA,S (Gombe, Y/deba, Balanga, Funakaye and Dukku ) in Gombe State, Nigeria. The specimens were studied under light microscope to examine the Stomatal features, Epidermal cell shapes and Anticlinal cell-wall patterns. It had the presence of amphistomatic leaves; one type of Stomatal complex type namely Cyclocytic. Accession 1 had the highest Stomatal Density (40.00 ± 1.00mm2) with lowest Stomatal size (51.13±7.47µm) on the Abaxial leaf surfaces while Accession 2 possessed lowest Stomatal density (23.40±7.67mm2) with highest Stomatal Size (88.68±1.95mm2) on the Adaxial leaf surfaces. Curved anticlinal cell wall patterns with polygonal epidermal cell shapes were also observed. It was concluded that the presence of Cylocytic type of stomata, with large stomatal sizes greatly helped in the delimitation of the plant and could also be used for classification /identification of the plant and some of the features such as trichomes could also be used for adaptation purposes.Keywords: Epidermal, Stomata, Ipomoea carnea, Cyclocytic, Trichomes

scholarly journals Dasycladalean alga Furcoporella diplopora Pia (1918) from the type-locality (upper Paleocene–Eocene, Radstadt, Austria): new remarks and taxonomic implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Mario De Matteis ◽  
Filippo Barattolo
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Type Material ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Upper Paleocene

Abstract The dasycladalean green alga Furcoporella diplopora Pia (1918) exhibits a peculiar structure comprising pairs of diverging and rather indistinct pores. Because of such structure, the genus Furcoporella has been a matter of debate. Currently, there is still no agreement on its taxonomic position within Dasycladales. This paper provides a re-description of the type-species F. diplopora Pia (1918), based on Pia’s type material from the upper Paleocene to Eocene reworked carbonates of Radstadt/Pongau, Austria. New observations carried out on this material allowed the acquisition of additional and more complete data on this quite neglected alga. Some morphological characteristics of the thallus, specifically of the laterals are discussed and a suite of potential taxonomic implications are evaluated. Finally, according to interpretations the genus Furcoporella is ascribed to the Family Triploporellaceae and more specifically it should be placed within the tribe Thyrsoporelleae.

scholarly journals A systematic revision of Capparaceae and Cleomaceae in Egypt: an evaluation of the generic delimitations of Capparis and Cleome using ecological and genetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd. S. El zayat ◽  
Mahmoud El Sayd Ali ◽  
Mohamed Hamdy Amar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
The Family

Abstract Background The Capparaceae family is commonly recognized as a caper, while Cleomaceae represents one of small flowering family within the order Brassicales. Earlier, Cleomaceae was included in the family Capparaceae; then, it was moved to a distinct family after DNA evidence. Variation in habits and a bewildering array of floral and fruit forms contributed to making Capparaceae a “trash-basket” family in which many unrelated plants were placed. Indeed, family Capparaceae and Cleomaceae are in clear need of more detailed systematic revision. Results Here, in the present study, the morphological characteristics and the ecological distribution as well as the genetic diversity analysis among the twelve species of both Capparaceae and Cleomaceae have been determined. The genetic analysis has been checked using 15 ISSR, 30 SRAP, and 18 ISTR to assess the systematic knots between the two families. In order to detect the molecular phylogeny, a comparative analysis of the three markers was performed based on the exposure of discriminating capacity, efficiency, and phylogenetic heatmap. Our results indicated that there is a morphological and ecological variation between the two families. Moreover, the molecular analysis confirmed that ISTR followed by SRAP markers has superior discriminating capacity for describing the genetic diversity and is able to simultaneously distinguish many polymorphic markers per reaction. Indeed, both the PCA and HCA data have drawn a successful annotation relationship in Capparaceae and Cleome species to evaluate whether the specific group sort individual or overlap groups. Conclusion The outcomes of the morphological and ecological characterization along with the genetic diversity indicated an insight solution thorny interspecies in Cleome and Gynandropsis genera as a distinct family (Cleomaceae) and the other genera (Capparis, Cadaba, Boscia, and Maerua) as Capparaceae. Finally, we recommended further studies to elucidate the systematic position of Dipterygium glaucum.

Larval development of Metapenaeopsis barbata (de Haan, 1844) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse D. Ronquillo ◽  
Toshio Saisho
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Apparatus ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Chaetoceros Gracilis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Natural Means

Gravid females of Metapenaeopsis barbata spawned in the laboratory by natural means and the larvae were reared from hatching to postlarval stage at 27·0–29·8˚C and 33·5–34·5 g kg -1 salinity. The larvae metamorphosed into first postlarvae, with a survival rate of up to 98·4%, after about 10 days following hatching and subsistence on only an algal diet of Tetraselmis tetrathele and Chaetoceros gracilis. Six naupliar stages, three protozoeal stages, three mysis stages and the first postlarval stage are described and illustrated. On the basis of morphological characteristics, larval stages of M. barbata can be distinguished from similar stages of closely related species in the family Penaeidae. As inferred from the morphology of the larval feeding apparatus, M. barbata is still a filter-feeder even at the first postlarval stage.

scholarly journals Analysis of Morphological Features and Flavonoid Compositions of Crabapple Exposed to 60Coγ Radiation Treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Yanfen LU ◽  
Suxiao HAO ◽  
Hui GENG ◽  
Yuncong YAO
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Dna Diversity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Flavonoid Composition ◽  
Radiation Treatments

Flavonoids are important secondary metabolites, whose content and composition such as anthocyanin and flavonol have been associated with fruit quality and affect fruit coloration. Crabapple (Malus spp.), with rich color and nutritive value, belongs to the family M. genus of the Rosaceae family, and it is widely used in landscape for its rich flavonoid compositions. Radiation mutagenesis breeding may increase the gene mutation frequency and enhance diversity of species, so it is a predominant approach for plant germplasm innovation. However, the changes of crabapple morphological characteristics and flavonoid compositions by radiation are not clear. In this study, we employed 60Coγ radiation to M.cv. ‘Royalty’ crabapple, and then surveyed the changes of leaves and flowers in the growth and morphology traits, color parameters, flavonoid composition, and the genetic diversity. The result found that 60Coγ radiation decreased plant height, stem diameter and leaf and flower areas. And it promoted the flavonoids accumulation in leaves, but inhibited that in flowers. Additionally, 60Coγ radiation improved DNA diversity. W60-7, W40-2 and W40-5 plants showed clear phenotypic variation by AFLP analysis. These results provide evidence that mutagenesis breeding may change the morphological features and flavonoid compositions, and expand crabapple germplasm resources and improve its application value. 

scholarly journals Stigmatic surface in the Vochysiaceae: reproductive and taxonomic implications

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Carmo-Oliveira ◽  
Berta Lange de Morretes
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Stigmatic Surface ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The Vochysiaceae are Neotropical trees and shrubs, common in the savanna areas in Central Brazil (Cerrados). The family has been traditionally divided into two tribes: Erismeae, with three genera, and Vochysieae, with five genera. We investigated the stigmatic surface of six Vochysiaceae species, belonging to four genera of Vochysieae: Vochysia, Salvertia, Callisthene and Qualea. Flowers and buds at different developmental stages were collected. Morphological features were observed on fresh material and stigmatic receptivity was inferred based on esterasic activity. Pistils were fixed and embedded in paraplast and sectioned on a rotary microtome; the sections were stained before histological analysis. Stigmas of open flowers were also observed by scanning electron microscopy. Stigmas of all species were wet and showed esterasic activity at pre-anthesis and anthesis stages. Stigmatic surface was continuous with transmitting tissue of glandular nature. Vochysia and Salvertia stigmatic surfaces were formed by multicelular uniseriate hairs, and species of the remaining genera showed papillate surface. The exudate over mature stigmas in all species flowed without rupture of stigmatic surface and pollen tubes grew down between hairs or papillae. Differences on the stigmatic surface agreed with a phylogenetic reconstruction that separated two clades and indicated that Vochysieae is not monophyletic. Stigmatic features could not be associated with pollination and breeding systems.

scholarly journals First record of intersexuality in Porcellana platycheles (Pennant, 1777) (Decapoda: Anomura: Porcellanidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-610
Author(s):  
Luciane Ferreira ◽  
Guillermo Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
First Record ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family

This paper reports the first record of intersexuality from Porcellana platycheles, a member of the family Porcellanidae. Intersex individuals were identified by the presence of both pairs of genital openings on the coxae of the third and fifth pereiopods respectively, and by morphological characteristics of the abdomen and pleopods. The low occurrence of this condition suggests that intersexuality is due to genetic variations in the population rather than other possible causes of intersexuality previously reported in other decapods.

scholarly journals Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Mangifera indica L. Growing in Egypt

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Abdelsalam ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽  
Elsayed G. Ibrahem ◽  
Mohamed S. Elshikh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Diversity

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a fruit crops belong to the family Anacardiaceae and is the oldest cultivated tree worldwide. Cultivars maintained in Egypt have not been investigated previously. Mango was first brought to Egypt from South Asia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the genetic diversity within 28 mango cultivars. SSR and EST-SSR were used for optimizing germplasm management of mango cultivars. Significant variations were observed in morphological characteristics and genetic polymorphism, as they ranged from 0.71% to 100%. High diversity was confirmed as a pattern of morphological and genotypes data. Data from the present study may be used to calculate the mango relationship and diversity currently grown in Egypt.

scholarly journals Identification and Functional Analysis of Temperate Siphoviridae Bacteriophages of Acinetobacter baumannii

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa Badawy ◽  
Maria I. Pajunen ◽  
Johanna Haiko ◽  
Zakaria A. M. Baka ◽  
Mohamed I. Abou-Dobara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Trna Gene ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Narrow Host Range ◽  
Clinical Challenge ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Family

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that presents a serious clinical challenge due to its increasing resistance to all available antibiotics. Phage therapy has been introduced recently to treat antibiotic-incurable A. baumannii infections. In search for new A. baumannii specific bacteriophages, 20 clinical A. baumannii strains were used in two pools in an attempt to enrich phages from sewage. The enrichment resulted in induction of resident prophage(s) and three temperate bacteriophages, named vB_AbaS_fEg-Aba01, vB_AbaS_fLi-Aba02 and vB_AbaS_fLi-Aba03, all able to infect only one strain (#6597) of the 20 clinical strains, were isolated. Morphological characteristics obtained by transmission electron microscopy together with the genomic information revealed that the phages belong to the family Siphoviridae. The ca. 35 kb genomic sequences of the phages were >99% identical to each other. The linear ds DNA genomes of the phages contained 10 nt cohesive end termini, 52–54 predicted genes, an attP site and one tRNA gene each. A database search revealed an >99% identical prophage in the genome of A. baumannii strain AbPK1 (acc. no. CP024576.1). Over 99% identical prophages were also identified from two of the original 20 clinical strains (#5707 and #5920) and both were shown to be spontaneously inducible, thus very likely being the origins of the isolated phages. The phage vB_AbaS_fEg-Aba01 was also able to lysogenize the susceptible strain #6597 demonstrating that it was fully functional. The phages showed a very narrow host range infecting only two A. baumannii strains. In conclusion, we have isolated and characterized three novel temperate Siphoviridae phages that infect A. baumannii.

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