scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN KONSENTRASI ENZIM SELULASE DAN BATU APUNG PADA PROSES BIOPOLISHING KAIN KAPAS

Texere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Ichsan Purnama ◽  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Ghina Puspita Adhyaksa ◽  
M Azhari
Keyword(s):  
Acid Wash

Tren fashion, khususnya proses pelusuhan pakaian jadi banyak dikerjakan untuk menghasilkan efek khusus agar memiliki kenampakan berbeda setelah pencucian. Proses pencucian dapat dikerjakan diantaranya  biopolishing, stone wash dan acid wash/ice wash, hal ini dilakukan untuk memodifikasi produk akhir  memberikan tampilan berbeda dan meningkatkan kemampuan kenyamanan pakaian. Proses biopolishing adalah proses penyempurnaan menggunakan enzim, bertujuan memperbaiki kenampakan, pegangan kain, sifat permukaan  lebih halus, bebas pilling, dan memiliki daya serap tinggi. Penambahkan batu apung memperluas tingkat pelusuhan dibagian-bagian tertentu, dan memberikan tampilan berbeda.Percobaan menggunakan mesin washing skala laboratorium  dengan variasi konsentrasi enzim  1%, 2% , dan batu apung 1/3  dan 1/2  suhu 60oC selama 30 menit pada mesin washing skala laboratorium. Pengujian meliputi pilling kain, pengurangan berat (SNI ISO 7211-6), ketuaan warna (SNI ISO 105-J03), ketahanan jebol cara diagfrgma (SNI ISO 13938-1), dan ketahanan gosok metode  martindale (SNI ISO 12947-1). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi penggunaan konsentrasi enzim dan batu apung, grade pilling semakin besar, pengurangan berat makin besar, tingkat ketuaan warna makin rendah, kekuatan jebol makin turun, dan semakin besar pengurangan tebal dan berat pada uji tahan gosok dengan metode martindale. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada konsentrasi enzim 1 % dengan penggunaan batu apung 1/2  volume mesin washing skala laboratorium.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of acetic acid wash protocol and the interpretation patterns of blood contaminated cervical cytology ThinPrep® specimens

CytoJournal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora K. Frisch ◽  
Yasin Ahmed ◽  
Seema Sethi ◽  
Daniel Neill ◽  
Tatyana Kalinicheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Acid Wash ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Background: ThinPrep® (TP) cervical cytology, as a liquid-based method, has many benefits but also a relatively high unsatisfactory rate due to debris/lubricant contamination and the presence of blood. These contaminants clog the TP filter and prevent the deposition of adequate diagnostic cells on the slide. An acetic acid wash (AAW) protocol is often used to lyse red blood cells, before preparing the TP slides. Design: From 23,291 TP cervical cytology specimens over a 4-month period, 2739 underwent AAW protocol due to initial unsatisfactory smear (UNS) with scant cellularity due to blood or being grossly bloody. Randomly selected 2739 cervical cytology specimens which did not undergo AAW from the same time period formed the control (non-AAW) group. Cytopathologic interpretations of AAW and non-AAW groups were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: About 94.2% of the 2739 cases which underwent AAW were subsequently satisfactory for evaluation with interpretations of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 4.9% (135), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) 3.7% (102), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) 1% (28). From the 2739 control cases, 96.3% were satisfactory with ASCUS 5.5% (151), LSIL 5.1% (139), and HSIL 0.7% (19). The prevalence of ASCUS interpretations was similar (P = 0.33). Although there were 32% more HSIL interpretations in the AAW group (28 in AAW vs. 19 in non-AAW), the difference was statistically insignificant (P = 0.18). AAW category; however, had significantly fewer LSIL interpretations (P = 0.02). The percentage of UNS cases remained higher in the AAW group with statistical significance (P < 0.01). Conclusions: While AAW had a significantly higher percent of UNS interpretations, the protocol was effective in rescuing 94.2% of specimens which otherwise may have been reported unsatisfactory. This improved patient care by avoiding a repeat test. The prevalence of ASCUS and HSIL interpretations between AAW and non-AAW groups were comparable. Though not statistically significant, HSIL interpretations were relatively higher in the AAW group. LSIL interpretations showed lower prevalence in AAW group.

Assessment of the Cervix After Acetic Acid Wash

2002 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
J. W. Sellors ◽  
J. Jeronimo ◽  
R. Sankaranarayanan ◽  
T. C. Wright ◽  
M. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Wash

Microbial and Quality Attributes of Ground Pork Prepared from Commercial Pork Trim Treated with Combination Intervention Processes†

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1981-1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAURICIO M. CASTELO ◽  
MOHAMMAD KOOHMARAIE ◽  
ELAINE D. BERRY
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Microbial Reduction ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Ground Pork ◽  
Acid Wash

The effects of combination intervention treatments of commercial pork trim on microbial and quality attributes of the subsequent ground pork were examined. Fresh commercial pork trim was inoculated with swine feces and subjected to five different intervention treatments: (i) control (untreated), (ii) water (15°C, 120 s), (iii) water followed by 2% lactic acid wash (15°C, 75 s), (iv) Combination 1 (water plus lactic acid plus hot air [510°C, 90 s]), and (v) Combination 2 (hot air plus water plus hot air). Following treatment, the pork trim was stored at 4°C for 24 h, then ground, stuffed, vacuum packaged, and stored at 4°C for 21 days. Populations of aerobic bacteria, coliforms, Escherichia coli, and lactic acid bacteria in the ground pork were monitored before treatment, after treatment (day 0), and at 2, 7, 14 and 21 days. In addition, uninoculated pork trim was treated as described above, and the color and emulsion stability of the ground product was evaluated. Ground pork prepared from trim treated with any of the treatment processes had lower initial microbial populations compared to the untreated samples. The applications of water plus lactic acid or Combination 1, which included a lactic acid wash, were more effective than water or Combination 2 at both reducing initial populations and suppressing the growth of aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and E. coli in ground pork during refrigerated storage. By day 21, populations of aerobic bacteria in ground pork prepared from control, water-treated, and Combination 2–treated trim were 8.22 to 8.32 log CFU/g, but in water plus lactic acid and Combination 1 ground pork, populations were 6.32 and 4.90 log CFU/g, respectively. Among the trim interventions examined, Combination 1 was most detrimental to the color and emulsion stability of the ground pork. The water plus lactic acid treatment provided the greatest microbial reduction and inhibition without large negative effects on quality attributes of the ground pork.

Characterization of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor on the blast cells of acute myeloblastic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Onetto-Pothier ◽  
N Aumont ◽  
A Haman ◽  
C Bigras ◽  
GG Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Receptor Occupancy ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
High Affinity Binding Site ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Affinity Receptor ◽  
Acid Wash ◽  
Macrophage Colony

Abstract Iodinated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to document the specific binding of GM-CSF to all acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) samples examined in the present study. There was some heterogeneity in the number of GM-CSF binding sites per cell. To determine whether the low level of binding to some patient samples may be attributed to receptor occupancy by an endogenous source of GM-CSF, we devised an acid wash procedure that could remove surface- bound GM-CSF without affecting receptor properties. We thus document that GM-CSF specific binding to AML blasts before or after acid wash was the same, indicating that the observed heterogeneity in binding is not the result of receptor occupancy by an endogeneous source of GM- CSF. Saturation analyses are in favor of the presence of two classes of binding sites on AML blasts: a high-affinity receptor that binds GM-CSF with a dissociation constant (kd) of 3 to 73 pmol/L and a second class of low-affinity receptor that binds GM-CSF with a kd of 1 to 10 nmol/L. Binding studies with two established cell lines KG-1, and IRCM-8 also showed the presence of two classes of binding sites with high and low affinities. Analysis of GM-CSF titration curves in culture indicate that the median effective concentration required for stimulation of blast colony formation (EC50 = 5–36 pmol/L) were in the range of the kd of the high-affinity binding site, suggesting that this high-affinity binding site mediates the proliferative response.

Downregulation of atrial natriuretic factor clearance receptors in experimental chronic renal failure rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. H902-H908 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Luk ◽  
E. F. Wong ◽  
N. L. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Radioligand Binding ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Clearance Receptor ◽  
Acid Wash ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Studies were performed to examine the changes of renal ANF second messenger guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) responses and receptor properties in chronic renal failure (CRF). Five-sixths-nephrectomized and sham-operated Wistar rats were used. The glomerular filtration rate was decreased in the five-sixths-nephrectomized rats, which also had significantly higher plasma blood urea nitrogen and plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) levels (148.5 +/- 10.2 vs. 115.7 +/- 7.3 pg/ml, P = 0.01) than the sham rats. In vitro ANF-stimulated cGMP accumulations in glomeruli of five-sixths-nephrectomized rats were higher than controls. Radioligand-binding experiments showed downregulation of the total ANF receptor in both acid and nonacid wash CRF glomeruli (nonacid wash: 189 +/- 25 vs. 362.8 +/- 52.8 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05; acid wash: 449.8 +/- 67 vs. 652.7 +/- 52.5 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). No change in receptor densities was observed in the des(Gln18,Ser19,Gly20,Leu21)atrial natriuretic peptide-(4--23)-NH2-resistant receptors between sham and CRF rat glomeruli. Therefore, downregulation of ANF clearance receptors exists in CRF rat glomeruli, and this is associated with the exaggerated ANF-stimulated cGMP response in these CRF glomeruli. Hypersensitivity of CRF rat to ANF, together with high plasma ANF levels and downregulation of clearance receptor, may contribute to increased sodium excretion in CRF.

Can ethanol partially or fully replace sulfuric acid in the acid wash step of bioethanol production to fight contamination by Lactobacillus fermentum?

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-332
Author(s):  
José Machado da Silva-Neto ◽  
Elizabete Aparecida Covre ◽  
Beatriz Costa Rosa ◽  
Sandra Regina Ceccato-Antonini
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Acid Wash

Validation of Acid Washes as Critical Control Points in Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Systems†

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 1676-1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. DORMEDY ◽  
M. M. BRASHEARS ◽  
C. N. CUTTER ◽  
D. E. BURSON
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Critical Control Point ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Acid Washing ◽  
Acid Wash

A 2% lactic acid wash used in a large meat-processing facility was validated as an effective critical control point (CCP) in a hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) plan. We examined the microbial profiles of beef carcasses before the acid wash, beef carcasses immediately after the acid wash, beef carcasses 24 h after the acid wash, beef subprimal cuts from the acid-washed carcasses, and on ground beef made from acid-washed carcasses. Total mesophilic, psychrotrophic, coliforms, generic Escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonads, and acid-tolerant microorganisms were enumerated on all samples. The presence of Salmonella spp. was also determined. Acid washing significantly reduced all counts except for pseudomonads that were present at very low numbers before acid washing. All other counts continued to stay significantly lower (P &lt; 0.05) than those on pre-acid-washed carcasses throughout all processing steps. Total bacteria, coliforms, and generic E. coli enumerated on ground beef samples were more than 1 log cycle lower than those reported in the U.S. Department of Agriculture Baseline data. This study suggests that acid washes may be effective CCPs in HACCP plans and can significantly reduce the total number of microorganisms present on the carcass and during further processing.

Influence of Acid Wash on the Structural and Catalytic Properties of the Hierarchical Zeolite Y

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenlin Li ◽  
Chunyan Tu ◽  
Jinyu Zheng ◽  
Yibin Luo ◽  
Zhijian Da
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Hierarchical Zeolite ◽  
Acid Wash
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