Zapobieganie chorobom psychicznym na szczeblu Korpusu

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-209
Author(s):  
Konstanty Świder
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Post War ◽  
Military Physicians

Paper delivered on December 19, 1945 at the Conference of Polish Military Physicians in Bologna [1,2]. The subject of the paper is prophylaxis of mental disorders in the 2nd Polish Corps in Italy, from the end of the war (May 1945) till the evacuation of the Corps to the United Kingdom (autumn 1946). Both organisation of the psychiatric support and preventive procedure rules for the most frequent forms of psychiatric and behaviour disorders are presented in the unique environment of the post‑war disarray, unclear political situation and uncertainty of the soldiers’ personal future. The role of the Centre for the Exhausted, forms of therapy, as well as non‑medical preventive strategies designed to reduce referrals to the psychiatric hospitals, evacuations to the rear and discharges from the armed forces are described. The paper, published in 1946 in the “Conference Proceedings” that was not widely available, fills the gap in knowledge on psychiatric prophylaxis in the Polish Armed Forces in the West and evokes doctor Konstanty Świder (1908–1965), a meritorious military psychiatrist, forgotten in the post‑war Poland. Both the original terminology and spelling were maintained in the reprint of the paper.

Charles de Gaulle and European Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
David Ramiro Troitino ◽  
Tanel Kerikmae ◽  
Olga Shumilo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
European Community ◽  
World War ◽  
Charles De Gaulle ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Post War ◽  
De Gaulle

This article highlights the role of Charles de Gaulle in the history of united post-war Europe, his approaches to the internal and foreign French policies, also vetoing the membership of the United Kingdom in the European Community. The authors describe the emergence of De Gaulle as a politician, his uneasy relationship with Roosevelt and Churchill during World War II, also the roots of developing a “nationalistic” approach to regional policy after the end of the war. The article also considers the emergence of the Common Agricultural Policy (hereinafter - CAP), one of Charles de Gaulle’s biggest achievements in foreign policy, and the reasons for the Fouchet Plan defeat.

Mental well-being interventions in the military: The ten key principles

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001740
Author(s):  
Erin G Lawrence ◽  
N Jones ◽  
N Greenberg ◽  
N T Fear ◽  
S Wessely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
External Training ◽  
The Military ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Single Versus

Organisations including the United Kingdom Armed Forces should seek to implement mental health interventions to increase the psychological well-being of their workforce. This editorial briefly presents ten key principles that military forces should consider before implementing such interventions. These include job-focused training; evaluating interventions; the use of internal versus external training providers; the role of leaders; unit cohesion, single versus multiple session psychological interventions; not overgeneralising the applicability of interventions; the need for repeated skills practice; raising awareness and the fallibility of screening.

scholarly journals Merarches in the thematic organization (9th-12th centuries)

2013 ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Milos Cvetkovic
Keyword(s):  
Historical Documents ◽  
Military Organization ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Byzantine Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Source Materials

The text cites the results of the study of the role of merarches, which were a part of the military organization of the Empire in the early Byzantine period. Later historical documents do not give any notion of this position for more than two centuries. The merarches became a part of the thematic organization in the middle of 9th century. Our ability to fully understand the nature of their function is limited due to the scarcity of source materials; this, however, may be overcome by taking into account, the general and political situation in the Empire, that is, by considering the military reforms executed in the 9th and 10th century. This paper focuses on the problem of the military-administrative competences of the merarches, which have been the subject of different interpretations in the modern, scholarly literature. One of the aims of this research is the definition of the timeframe within which the reestablishment of this rank in the Byzantine army occured.

Paradox and Possibility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Poyntz
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
The West ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Youth Cultures ◽  
Youth Media ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Texts

The history of youth and media culture can be examined by tracing the relationships between the production, representation, circulation, and consumption of media, technology, and cultural texts aimed at youth markets and audiences. The historical development of youth relates to larger socioeconomic, cultural, and political conditions, including the role of mass reproduction and changes in the conditions of distance that shape youth lives. Youth and mass media first melded together in the West, owing to developments in the United States and the United Kingdom. The histories of media and youth culture in other countries, however, capture differences in youth media relationships. In the contemporary period, the use of YouTube in the West and WeChat in China illuminates the globalization of youth cultures and the ongoing role of a central paradox integral to young people’s entanglements with media around the world: the key media structures that shape and contour youth lives are also the very sites where youth continue to navigate authentic meaning and experience and imagine their own futures.

Legislating for advocacy: The case of whistleblowing

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanel L Watson ◽  
Tom O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Patient Advocate ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Patient Advocates ◽  
The Subject

Background: The role of nurses as patient advocates is one which is well recognised, supported and the subject of a broad body of literature. One of the key impediments to the role of the nurse as patient advocate is the lack of support and legislative frameworks. Within a broad range of activities constituting advocacy, whistleblowing is currently the subject of much discussion in the light of the Mid Staffordshire inquiry in the United Kingdom (UK) and other instances of patient mistreatment. As a result steps to amend existing whistleblowing legislation where it exists or introduce it where it does not are underway. Objective: This paper traces the development of legislation for advocacy. Conclusion: The authors argue that while any legislation supporting advocacy is welcome, legislation on its own will not encourage or enable nurses to whistleblow.

THE DEFENCE SECTOR AND ITS EFFECT ON NATIONAL SECURITY DURING THE CZECHOSLOVAK (MUNICH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Ales BINAR
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
International Conference ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Defence Sector

The Czechoslovak (Munich) Crisis of 1938 was concluded by an international conference that took place in Munich on 29-30 September 1938. The decision of the participating powers, i.e. France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, was made without any respect for Czechoslovakia and its representatives. The aim of this paper is to examine the role of the defence sector, i.e. the representatives of the ministry of defence and the Czechoslovak armed forces during the Czechoslovak (Munich) Crisis in the period from mid-March to the beginning of October 1938. There is also a question as to, whether there are similarities between the position then and the present-day position of the army in the decision-making process.

Adjuvant Treatments for Localized Advanced Gastric Cancer: Differences among Geographic Regions

2012 ◽  
pp. e31-e34
Author(s):  
Yoon-Koo Kang ◽  
Changhoon Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
The West ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Group B ◽  
Leukemia Group ◽  
Postoperative Chemoradiation

Overview: After much debate, adjuvant therapy has become the standard of care worldwide for resected localized gastric cancer. However, geographic differences exist in standard adjuvant treatments: postoperative chemoradiation in North America, perioperative chemotherapy in the United Kingdom, and postoperative chemotherapy in East Asia. Now that D2 gastrectomy has been recognized as the optimal surgery for localized gastric cancer in the West as well as in Asia, the standard adjuvant treatments used in the West may need to be reconsidered. One of the most important issues in adjuvant therapy for localized gastric cancer is how to improve the clinical outcomes of current standard treatments. Recent Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) and AMC studies suggest that simply intensifying chemotherapy by adding more agents or prolonging treatment duration is insufficient. However, new strategies like early initiation of chemotherapy and/or intraperitoneal chemotherapy may further improve the current standard adjuvant therapy. In the era of targeted therapy, the role of biologic agents for gastric cancer should also be explored in the adjuvant setting. With a deeper understanding of the molecular biology of gastric cancer, adjuvant therapy for patients with localized gastric cancer can be optimized and individualized.

IV. The Disintegration of the Kartell and the Politics of Bismarck's Fall from Power, 1887–90

1966 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. G. Röhl
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
German History ◽  
Standard Work ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Post War ◽  
German Reich ◽  
First World

Ever since the First World War, but especially during the Weimar period, Bismarck's dismissal has exercised a strong attraction on German historians, and has probably received more attention than any other event in the history of the Second Reich. In the troubled post-war years, 20 March 1890 seemed to stand out prominently as the fateful turning point of Germany's history. Wilhelm Schvissler, the first to exploit the unprecedented wealth of evidence available in consequence of the monarchy's collapse, did not hesitate to claim that ‘even at that time [1890] the downfall (Untergang) of the German Reich was written in the stars’. ‘Who would doubt’, he asked, ‘that our misfortune began there…and led to the catastrophe of the Imperial Monarchy and the German Reich—exactly 20 years after his [Bismarck's] death!’ This highly emotional approach to the subject was fully shared by Wilhelm Mommsen, whose standard work on the role of the political parties in the crisis appeared in 1924. Bismarck's fall, he wrote, ‘appears to us today as a turning point of German history, and it is only with deep feeling that we can recall the events of March 1890’. It is perhaps partly for this reason that these early writers tended to misinterpret the nature of Bismarck's relations with the parties in the crucial months before his fall. There was, for one thing, an inclination to idealize the bygone age in which ‘the State’ was thought to have stood incorruptibly ‘above the parties’, and as a result the party struggles of 1889 and 1890 were relegated to a self-contained compartment whence, it was held, they were able to influence the course of events only in the negative sense of providing no obstacle to the chancellor's dismissal. The influential work of Hans Rothfels probably typified this attitude, but even Mommsen warned his readers that his study of the parties could throw at best an oblique light on the crisis ‘since the parties had no direct and at any rate no significant effect on the course of those events’. According to Hans Herzfeld's summary of the present state of knowledge on the subject, this view is still widely accepted today.

scholarly journals Armed Forces As The Russian Federation’s Strategic Tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Mirosław Banasik
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future War ◽  
National Defence

AbstractThe experience of the past decade shows a steadily increasing role of the armed forces in the implementation of Moscow’s strategic aspirations. The aim of this work is to present the geopolitical ambitions of Russia in competition with the West and the role of the armed forces in satisfying these ambitions, as well as to evaluate their modernisation. The article identifies the directions of Moscow’s strategic aspirations and presents a vision of Russia’s future war. The reforms carried out by the Russian national defence ministers Anatoliy Serdyukov and Sergey Shoygu are evaluated. The conclusions resulting from the involvement of Russian armed forces in the conflicts in Ukraine and Syria are explained. It indicates the changes that will take place in particular branches of the armed forces in the near and long terms.

scholarly journals A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIAL JUSTICE AS THE RULE OF LAW

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Smolnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
The United States ◽  
The West ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Historical Moment

The article considers the place of social justice in modern law. Various aspects are noted: its relationship with the social state, legal state, civilizational particularities, historical features. The question of the significance of choice between the legality and legitimacy of power as a factor in the establishment of social justice is considered. The article raises the issue of the subject-object essence of social justice. It provides a comparison of two approaches to social justice in modern Russia — liberal and conservative, and notes the contradictory nature of both. Attention is drawn to the role of elites, the intelligentsia and the people in the embodiment of the liberal project. The author reveals the historical and civilizational prerequisites for the conservative project domination, its being in demand on the part of both the authorities and significant segments of the population, and its correspondence to the historical moment. The similarity of the conservative response to the challenges facing the society in the United States, Japan, Britain and Russia is substantiated. A sociological comparison of positions on the issues of law as social justice in the West and in Russia is given. There is an increasing divergence in understanding social justice both in the countries of the West (destruction of the social contract, welfare state) and between the West and the rest of the world. The theme of justice is increasingly playing a role in causing mutual claims rather than in stabilizing and maintaining international and civil peace. The paper considers attempts to create domestic models of a just society. Social justice is regarded as a projective concept and presupposes the existence of models of the expected and ideal future of society. The world trend towards change in the ideas of the subject of law and of the paradigm shift from liberalism to transhumanism is noted. It is argued that it is impossible to identify law with social justice.

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