Undervisningsarbeidarar og dåpsopplæring i Den norske kyrkja

Church education workers and baptismal instruction in the Church of Norway The main research question of this article is how educational workers in the Church of Norway experience their contribution in connection with baptism in their local congregation. The article is based on qualitative research interviews in two dioceses in the Church of Norway, with six educational church workers in six different congregations. They have different titles, partly due to educational background, and two work in city churches, two in suburban churches and two in countryside churches. The theoretical perspectives are taken from the national terms of employment for catechists and the national plan for Christian education, different concepts for knowledge and learning, and how educational workers in the Church of Norway construct identity in relation to church education. Several of the educational workers seldom teach about the content of baptism. In spite of this, they see baptism as important and as the point of departure for all Christian education. Both the national terms of employment for catechists and the national plan for Christian education emphasise that their responsibility is to further baptismal instruction and equip children to live a baptismal life, but it does not seem that all the educational workers interpret this to comprise teaching the content of baptism, which they often delegate to the ministers. Their pedagogy is marked by a focus on practical issues connected to baptism. It seems as they to a little extent connect their identity to work with baptism, maybe because of the long tradition of the minister as responsible for this area. The author calls for more research with a larger number of respondents and challenges the churches to reflect and discuss how to continue a cooperation between ministers and church education workers now that the church education reform is running.

«Alle støttar trusopplæringa.» Tverrfagleg samarbeid mellom prestar og undervisningstilsette i utvikling av trusopplæringa

Prismet ◽

10.5617/pri.5550 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 211-229

Author(s):

Hans Austnaberg

Keyword(s):

Christian Education ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

The Other ◽

Congregational Development ◽

Role Conflicts ◽

Church Education ◽

The Church ◽

Willingness To Cooperate ◽

Empirical Material

AbstractThe main goal of the article is to investigate challenges and possibilities in the cooperation among the employed pastors and pedagogues in the congregation and how this contributes to develop the Christian education. The empirical material mainly stems from qualitative interviews in six different congregations, and the theoretical perspectives focus on organisational theory and the implementation of Christian education as a process of change. I have found a willingness to cooperate in the church education. However, the educational people are seen as primarily responsible and there exists role conflicts among them. The pastors, on the other hand, want to play a role in the Christian education but they have challenges in prioritising this among all the other expected tasks. Keywords:Christian education, congregational development, staff cooperation, congregational teacher, pastor, Michael Fullan SamandragMålsetjinga med artikkelen er å utforska utfordringar og moglegheiter i det tverrfaglege samarbeidet mellom tilsette prestar og undervisningsmedarbeidarar og korleis dette bidrar til å utvikla trusopplæringa. Det empiriske materialet er etablert gjennom kvalitative intervju i seks menigheter, og dei teoretiske perspektiva kjem frå organisasjonsteori og implementeringa av trusopplæringa som ein endringsprosess. Det er stor vilje til å delta i trusopplæringa. Likevel er det slik at dei undervisningstilsette blir oppfatta som hovudansvarlege i dette arbeidet, og artikkelen viser at uklare rollar mellom dei kan skapa konflikt. Prestane ønskjer òg å spela ei rolle i trusopplæringa, men dei kjenner på utfordringar i å prioritera dette mellom andre pålagte oppgåver. Nøkkelord:Trusopplæring, menighetsutvikling, stabssamarbeid, trusopplærar, prest, Michael Fullan

’n Praktiese-teologiese ondersoek na prediking en die effek van sosiale kognisie in die handeling van kontek-stualisering

In die Skriflig/In Luce Verbi ◽

10.4102/ids.v50i1.2006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F.P. Kruger

Keyword(s):

Social Cognition ◽

Research Question ◽

Natural Process ◽

Vantage Point ◽

The World ◽

Church And Society ◽

Practical Theological ◽

The Right ◽

A practical theological investigation on preaching and the effect of social cognition in the act of contextualisation. It is indicated in recent research that church and society are conscious of each other through their observation of one another – a process also known as social cognition. This article intends to investigate the manner in which the church is observingsociety. The following research question is stated: Which role can preaching play to foster good neighbourship in society and what is the aspects that influence the cognition of the church as community of believers? This research will be undertaken from a practical-theological vantage point. This field of research shows a tangency with the fields of Ecclesiology and Missiology. From these two fields the importance of the practical-theological field of research will be indicated. This research will further investigate the problematic praxis through an intradisciplinary discourse with the field of Social Psychology. In this exposition it will be indicated that the founding and functioning of social cognition is a natural process although it also has it complexities. From a normative vantage point investigation on Jeremiah 29 and Matthew 5 will be undertaken in order to state that the right cognition is important for internalising sermons and the conveyance of sermons into daily life. Distortions, in the process of social cognition, can also cultivate a wrong view on what it entails to be salt and light in the world. Practical-theoretical perspectives on the benefit of a good name in society will be provided that will be favourable for the preaching of the Word.Keyword: Homiletics

Trosopplæring for Guds små prinsesser? Teologi, kjønn og læring i bibelbøker for barn

Prismet ◽

10.5617/pri.4519 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 19-34

Author(s):

Birgitte Lerheim

Keyword(s):

Education Reform ◽

Christian Education ◽

Old Testament ◽

Learning Plan ◽

Norwegian Version ◽

Starting Point ◽

Bible Stories ◽

This article presents and discusses recent Norwegian research on Bible Didactics, using the Jarle and Karina Waldemars’ Norwegian version of Carolyn Larsen’s book Princess Stories. Real Bible Stories of God’s Princesses as a starting point and case. The emphasis of the discussion is on theology, gender and learning discourses, and is being done in relation to a certain field of practice, namely the Christian Education Reform of the Church of Norway. The author shows how the curriculum/learning plan of Chrisitian Eduation seems to carry a bricolaged and accidental understanding of Bible Didactics. Recent Norwegian research on Bible Didactic, mostly done by Old Testament scholars, is being discus-sed. The research in question shows how a moral, instrumental didactisism often dominates bible mediation for children. Our case is an excellent example of how this is gendered differently for girls and boys. The methodology of the book used as a case also relies upon an understanding as learning as acquisition less than participation and knowledge creation.Keywords: Bible, didactics, gender, theology, learning, childrenNøkkelord: Bibel, didaktikk, kjønn, teologi, læring, barn

A Study of the Relationship between Ibadi Muslims and Christians in Modern day Oman.

10.46289/thwe4862 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Andrew Thompson

Keyword(s):

Religious Freedom ◽

Research Question ◽

Arabian Gulf ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Main Research ◽

Christian Communities ◽

Interfaith Relations ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Church ◽

Distinct Approach

Oman is often held as a model of religious tolerance in the Arabian Peninsula. The core hypothesis at the centre of this thesis is that, the religious freedom of the church in Oman is directly influenced by its distinctive prevailing school of Islam. The main research question is “How does the prevailing theology of Ibadi Islam impact the experience of religious freedom for Christian communities in Oman and how do the Islamic authorities relate to the Christian church?” By using interviews, historical and theological sources, this research concludes that other factors besides theology shape Oman’s distinct approach to interfaith relations. A part of this thesis will be highlighting the contemporary presence of the church in Oman, of which little is known. This is a unique contribution to knowledge about Christianity and Islamic relations in the Arabian Gulf.

Shedding Light on Canada's Foreign Policy Alignment

Canadian Journal of Political Science ◽

10.1017/s0008423913000449 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 617-643 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jonathan Paquin ◽

Philippe Beauregard

Keyword(s):

Foreign Policy ◽

Research Question ◽

The United States ◽

Main Research ◽

Canadian Foreign Policy ◽

Liberal Government ◽

Policy Alignment ◽

Analyse De Contenu ◽

Le Canada

Abstract. The purpose of this article is to explore the issue of alignment in Canadian foreign policy. The main research question is whether Canada's responses to foreign crises aligned with those of its allies, and if so, which allies and why. The study proceeds in two steps. First, it tests four major theoretical perspectives that could explain Canada's behaviour: continentalism, transatlantism, the Anglosphere argument and unilateralism. By performing a computer-generated content analysis, the article assesses these propositions by focusing on and comparing Canada's official declarations to those of the United States, France and Britain to six foreign crises that occurred between 2004 and 2011. Second, the analysis identifies whether there is a difference between the Harper and Martin governments' responses to foreign crises. The research provides quantitative and qualitative evidence suggesting that Canada's foreign policy alignment primarily tends toward a transatlantic orientation. It also shows that the Harper government was less in line with Washington than was the previous Liberal government of Paul Martin, which challenges the conventional wisdom of Canadian foreign policy.Résumé. Cet article explore l'enjeu de l'alignement en politique étrangère canadienne et pose la question de recherche suivante : est-ce qu'à l'égard des crises étrangère le Canada s'aligne sur les positions de ses alliés et, si oui, lesquels et pourquoi? Tout d'abord, l'article présente quatre perspectives théoriques susceptibles d'expliquer le comportement du Canada : le continentalisme, le transatlantisme, la thèse de l'anglosphère et celle de l'unilatéralisme. En ayant recours à une analyse de contenu assistée par ordinateur, cet article teste la validité de ces propositions en comparant les déclarations officielles du Canada à celles des États-Unis, de la France et de l'Angleterre à l'égard de six crises survenues entre 2004 et 2011. Ensuite, l'analyse cherche à identifier s'il y a une différence entre les réponses des gouvernements Harper et Martin à l'égard de ces crises. L'étude fournit des données empiriques de type qualitatif et quantitatif qui suggèrent que le Canada a eu une orientation transatlantique lors de la gestion de ces crises internationales. Elle montre également que le gouvernement Harper est moins aligné sur les positions de Washington que ne le fut le précédent gouvernement libéral, ce qui ébranle certaines idées communément admises en politique étrangère canadienne.

Planarbeid i trosopplæring som ressurs for menigheten?

Prismet ◽

10.5617/pri.5549 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 189-209

Author(s):

Erling Birkedal ◽

Hans Austnaberg

Keyword(s):

Christian Education ◽

Learning Organizations ◽

National Curriculum ◽

Working Process ◽

Cultural Changes ◽

Five Disciplines ◽

Senge's Five Disciplines ◽

AbstractAll congregations in the Church of Norway have to make their own local plan for Christian education, according to a National curriculum. In this article we are following six congregations in their working process, and we are asking how the congregation can learn from the process for congregational planning in general. As theoretical perspectives we use Van Gelder’s technical and cultural changes and Senge’s five disciplines of learning organizations. We see that congregations can learn different attitudes and skills. The working process develops didactic insight and competence among staff and volunteers. Developing work about core activities in the congregation is not only a systematic, technical working process. It is especially a cultural endeavor, where you have to deal with different ideas, visions and values. Keywords: Christian education, Church of Norway, developing local plan, learning congregation SammendragAlle menigheter i Den norske kirke må utvikle sin egen lokale plan for trosopplæring. Artikkelen utforsker arbeidsprosessen med lokal plan i seks menigheter og undersøker sammenhengen mellom dette planarbeidet og utviklingsarbeid i menigheten generelt. Vi bruker Van Gelders skjelning mellom tekniske og kulturelle endringer, samt Senges fem disipliner for lærende organisasjoner som teoretiske perspektiv. Menighetene lærer ulike holdninger og ferdigheter gjennom planarbeidet. Det gir didaktisk innsikt og økt kompetanse hos ansatte og frivillige. Utvikling av en plan og gjennomføring av kjerneaktiviteter i menighetens trosopplæring er mer enn en systematisk, teknisk arbeidsprosess. Utviklingsarbeidet innebærer også kulturelle utfordringer, der en må bearbeide ulike ideer, visjoner og verdier. Nøkkelord: Trosopplæring, Den norske kirke, utvikling av lokal plan for trosopplæring, lærende menighet

Congregational analysis: A theological and ministerial approach

HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies ◽

10.4102/hts.v65i1.303 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Malan Nel

Keyword(s):

Empirical Research ◽

Research Question ◽

Research Problem ◽

Faith Community ◽

Faith Communities ◽

Local Congregation ◽

Missional Identity ◽

The research problem concerned is: What criteria should be used when congregations are analysed? Congregations as faith communities are defined differently. Identifying the local congregation as a defined and as an empirical subject plays a major role in answering the research question. The theological points of departure taken are that any measure of a local congregation has to deal with issues such as faithfulness to the gospel and the missional identity and integrity of the congregation as a contextual faith community. The hypothesis is that theologically informed and motivated congregations can and should be analysed in the process of continuing reformation. While the first article described the approach and outcome of empirical research, this article focuses mainly on understanding the church as intermediary in its ministerial role-fulfilment. Ministries are modes by which God is coming to his own and through them to his world. Eventually a case is made for congregational analysis as a test of faithfulness to this understanding of ministry.

INITIAL STEP OF SPECIALIZED CORPORA BUILDING: CLEANING PROCEDURES

NORDSCI Conference proceedings, Book 1 Volume 3 ◽

10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/16 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Vera Yakubson ◽

Victor Zakharov

Keyword(s):

Text Processing ◽

Research Question ◽

Initial Step ◽

Main Research ◽

Academic Texts ◽

Linguistic Annotation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cleaning Procedures ◽

Unique Source ◽

Future Work

This paper deals with the specialized corpora building, specifically academic language corpus in the biotechnology field. Being a part of larger research devoted to creation and usage of specialized parallel corpus, this piece aims to analyze the initial step of corpus building. Our main research question was what procedures we need to implement to the texts before using them to develop the corpus. Analysis of previous research showed the significant quantity of papers devoted to corpora creation, including academic specialized corpora. Different sides of the process were analyzed in these researches, including the types of texts used, the principles of crawling, the recommended length of texts etc. As to the text processing for the needs of corpora creation, only the linguistic annotation issues were examined earlier. At the same time, the preliminary cleaning of texts before their usage in corpora may have significant influence on the corpus quality and its utility for the linguistic research. In this paper, we considered three small corpora derived from the same set of academic texts in the biotechnology field: “raw” corpus without any preliminary cleaning and two corpora with different level of cleaning. Using different Sketch Engine tools, we analyzed these corpora from the position of their future users, predominantly as sources for academic wordlists and specialized multi-word units. The conducted research showed very little difference between two cleaned corpora, meaning that only basic cleaning procedures such as removal of reference lists are can be useful in corpora design. At the same time, we found a significant difference between raw and cleaned corpora and argue that this difference can affect the quality of wordlists and multi-word terms extraction, therefore these cleaning procedures are meaningful. The main limitation of the study is that all texts were taken from the unique source, so the conclusions could be affected by this specific journal’s peculiarities. Therefore, the future work should be the verification of results on different text collections

THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION’S APPROACH TO ENERGY SECURITY IN POLAND AND THE BALTIC STATES

Politika nacionalne bezbednosti ◽

10.22182/pnb.1812020.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1/2020) ◽

pp. 33-67

Author(s):

Olga Stevanovic

Keyword(s):

Energy Security ◽

Research Question ◽

Energy Resources ◽

Baltic States ◽

Realist Theory ◽

Main Research ◽

Security Challenges ◽

The Us ◽

The Subject ◽

The Baltic

The subject of this paper encompasses US policy towards Poland and the Baltic States regarding energy security during Donald Trump’s presidency. It is discernible that vast domestic energy resources have created an opportunity for the US to project more power to these countries, and the surrounding region. We argue that Trump and his administration’s perceptions have served as an intervening variable in that opportunity assessment, in accordance with the neoclassical realist theory. The main research question addressed in this paper is whether US has used that opportunity to contribute to energy security in countries it has traditionally deemed as allies. Two aspects of US approach to energy security of the designated countries are taken into consideration: liquified natural gas exports and support for the Three Seas Initiative. The way Trump presented his policy and its results in his public statements has also been considered in this paper. The article will proceed as follows. The first subsection of the paper represents a summary of energy security challenges in Poland and the Baltic States. The second subsection is dedicated to the opportunity for the US to project energy power and to Trump’s perceptions relevant for the opportunity assessment. The third subsection deals with American LNG exports to these countries as a possible way for contributing to energy security in Poland and the Baltic States. The last part of the paper addresses the Three Seas Initiative and US approach to this platform.

Mechanism of vocational education promoting precision poverty alleviation

International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education ◽

10.1177/0020720920983505 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002072092098350

Author(s):

Chunqiu Xu ◽

Yang Sun

Keyword(s):

Education Reform ◽

Vocational Education ◽

Junior High School ◽

Poverty Alleviation ◽

Capita Income ◽

Educational Background ◽

Per Capita Income ◽

Effective Mechanism ◽

Dynamic Management ◽

Per Capita

The purpose of this study is to study in depth the effective mechanism of China's vocational education reform to promote the poverty alleviation of precision industries. The purpose of this research is to deeply study the effective mechanism of my country's vocational education reform to promote precision industry poverty alleviation, and investigate the financial aid for poor students and the number of aids of a secondary vocational college for 5 consecutive years. Investigate the number of registered poor agricultural households in a city for five consecutive years, the number of rural labor transfers in employment, and the growth of per capita income of farmers. Taking 100 poor families in a poverty-stricken county as an example to investigate and analyze the educational background, knowledge level and attitudes of parents and students to school. Investigate various major local technical trainings conducted in a city for 5 consecutive years. The results show that the poverty subsidy of vocational schools has increased year by year, and the number of poverty subsidies has also increased. Among them, the intensity of targeted poverty alleviation has also been continuously strengthened. The dynamic management of information on the establishment of filing cards has greatly improved the precision of poverty alleviation and realized dynamic management. Per capita income has also achieved steady growth. At the same time, most parents have a junior high school diploma, and the student's academic qualifications are generally not high. In view of the attitude to school, most parents believe that it is very necessary, but the students think that they can not go up. There are more and more people participating in the main technical training in various localities, and more and more training projects are taking place, and the proportion is gradually increasing. These jobs are of great significance to the development of today's society.