scholarly journals El tipo penal de desórdenes públicos en Chile frente al derecho de reunión y a la libertad de expresión en el marco del derecho de manifestación

KPGT_dlutz_1 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Alberto F. Cuéllar C.
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Public Disorder ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Instruments ◽  
Derecho Penal ◽  
Right Of Assembly

El tipo penal de desórdenes públicos en Chile frente al derecho de reunión y a la libertad de expresión en el marco del derecho de manifestación Resumen: En Chile, la gran mayoría de las detenciones por el delito de Desórdenes Públicos se producen en el contexto de marchas o manifestaciones públicas, específicamente en aquellos casos, en que, a raíz de dichas expresiones colectivas, se ve vulnerado el orden público, produciéndose una afectación a los bienes jurídicos correspondientes a terceros ajenos a dicha manifestación. En este orden de ideas, se ha sostenido muchas veces que existe un antagonismo entre el derecho a manifestación – el cual es reconocido como un derecho humano o fundamental, tanto a nivel internacional como nacional – y el orden público, entendido este último como un estado de situación que permite un normal desenvolvimiento de la sociedad y las instituciones en general. Considerando este contexto, el presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de analizar el tipo penal de desórdenes públicos en chile frente al derecho de reunión y a la libertad de expresión en el marco del derecho de manifestación. Primero se analiza el derecho de manifestación, atentando al derecho de reunión y a la libertad de expresión. En la secuencia, se examina el derecho de reunión y libertad de expresión con relación al orden público. Al final, se estudia los elementos de tipo del delito de desórdenes públicos, con especial atención al bien jurídico protegido. Se concluye que efectivamente se pueden producir antagonismos, entre el derecho a manifestación (libertad de reunión y de opinión) y el orden público. Además, si bien se reconoce la importancia del orden público, también se ha establecido que este no puede ser invocado por si sólo como una limitación al ejercicio de los señalados derechos. Asimismo, las limitaciones deben ser establecidas mediante una ley, en sentido estricto, según lo disponen los instrumentos internacionales y el principio de reserva legal consagrado en la Constitución Chilena. Palabras-clave: Derechos humanos. Derecho de manifestación. Derecho penal chileno. Derecho de reunión. Desórdenes públicos. Libertad de expresión. The criminal type of public disorders in Chile in front of the right of assembly and to freedom of expression within the framework of the right of manifestation Abstract: In Chile, the great majority of arrests for the crime of Public Disorders occur in the context of marches or public manifestations, specifically in those cases in which, as a result of said collective expressions, public order is violated, resulting in an affectation to the legal assets corresponding to third parties outside said manifestation. In this order of ideas, it has been argued many times that there is an antagonism between the right to manifestation - which is recognized as a human or fundamental right, both at the international and national levels - and public order, understood as a state of situation that allows a normal development of society and institutions in general. Considering this context, the present work has the objective of analyzing the criminal type of public disorder in Chile against the right of assembly and freedom of expression within the framework of the right to manifestation. First, the right to manifestation is analyzed, based in the right of assembly and freedom of expression. In the sequence, the right of assembly and freedom of expression in relation to public order is examined. In the end, the type elements of the offense of public disorder are studied, with special attention to the protected legal right. It is concluded that there are antagonisms between the right to manifestation (freedom of assembly and opinion) and public order. Although the importance of public order is recognized, it has also been established that this can not be invoked by itself as a limitation to the exercise of these rights. Likewise, the limitations must be established by means of a law, in the strict sense, as provided in international instruments and the principle of legal reserve enshrined in the Chilean Constitution. Keywords: Chilean criminal law. Freedom of expression. Human rights. Right of assembly. Right of manifestation. Public disorders.

11. Thought, expression, association, and assembly

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic McGoldrick
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Freedom Of Conscience ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Freedom Of Thought ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Assembly

This chapter discusses the sources, scope, and limitations of the four fundamental freedoms: thought, expression, association, and assembly. Freedom of thought includes freedom of conscience, religion, and belief. Freedom of expression includes freedom of opinion and freedom of information. Freedom of association concerns the right to establish autonomous organizations through which individuals pursue common interests together. The right of assembly protects non-violent, organized, temporary gatherings in public and private, both indoors and outdoors.

scholarly journals Prawo do bezpieczeństwa i porządku publicznego w realizacji prawa do zgromadzeń. Wybrane zagadnienia

Prawo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Jakub Zabłocki
Keyword(s):  
Public Order ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Assembly

The right to safety and public order in the exercise of the right to assembly. Selected issuesThe subject of the article is the issue of security and public order, analyzed on the basis of the imple­mentation of the constitutional right of assembly. The existing Law on Assembly contains numerous provisions on the need for security measures, both in the preparation of the assembly as well as in its course. Obligations are related both to the municipality as well as the organizer. The author makes an interpretation of selected statutory provisions with respect to the position of law and jurisprudence of the courts.

Religious Speech

2021 ◽  
pp. 498-517
Author(s):  
Gautam Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Religious Expression ◽  
Moral Beliefs ◽  
Religious Speech ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
The Right ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Normative Value

This chapter examines religious speech, and the tensions between religion and freedom of expression. As a wide-ranging system of moral beliefs and commitments, religion, by its very nature, assigns to the freedom of expression a particular place in its hierarchical order of values. In non-theocratic States, this may clash with the (higher) normative value accorded to the freedom of expression under the secular order. Religious claims themselves will often be made from within the constitutional system: that is, the State’s own constitutional commitment to protect religious freedom will be invoked to argue that, in certain domains, the secular order must defer to religion’s hierarchy of values. This may include the subordination of religious expression to revealed religious truth. Disputes will often also involve contestation over a constellation of other constitutional norms, such as the commitment to maintaining diversity and pluralism, the right to equality and cultural dissent, and not least, the imperatives of public order. Consequently, such disputes raise a host of complex issues. The State’s adjudicatory authorities must decide whether to attempt an accommodation between the conflicting claims of religion and free speech, or privilege one over the other. The chapter then discusses the role of religion in censorship.

The Right of Assembly in Central Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-185
Author(s):  
Petr Černý
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Assembly

The article deals with the legal regulation of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly in Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic with regard to the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). The chosen topics focus on the definition of assembly, the relationship between freedom of expression and property rights together with the right of assembly.  In each of above-mentioned countries, the assembly to which constitutional protection is granted, the definitiondiffers slightly; with the widest concept of assembly deriving from the judicature of the ECHR. The constitutional protection of the Assembly, in particular found in Germany and Austria, which is significantly narrower than the protection provided by the European Convention on Human Rights, may thus at some stage come  into conflict with the requirements of the ECHR. The section devoted to freedom of speech deals, among other things, with cases exhibiting shocking photographs, which were part of the campaign against abortion, in front of schools in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. In the future, the most serious problem is the conflict of the right of assembly along with the right of ownership, consisting in assemblies held on private property, which is used by the public, such as shopping malls, airports or railway stations. This has been the focus of the professional public and the courts for a long time, especially in Germany.

scholarly journals Study of the Concepts Related to the Boundaries of Freedom Expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Ahmad Bazyar ◽  
Alireza Nasseri ◽  
Mohammad Taher Babari
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
National Security ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Rights ◽  
The Right

The right of freedom of expression can be named as one of the most important rights and freedoms that have been emphasized on by all the international documents of human rights. Despite the fact that the aforementioned right is a universal right, most of the experts believe that it cannot be absolute and in order to be able to support the public and private rights, it must be restricted to some extent. Now the question is that the restrictions on the freedom of expression are needed to be implemented in what frameworks and based on what principles? In reply to that question we can say that ethics, national security, public order and preservation the rights and reputations of others are the key principles of restrictions on freedom of expression.

16. Human rights in the UK: public order and police powers

Public Law ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 671-718
Author(s):  
John Stanton ◽  
Craig Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Police Powers ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Right ◽  
Article 5

This chapter examines the rights contained within Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights (freedom of expression), Article 11 (freedom of association and assembly), Article 5 (the right to liberty), and Article 8 (the right to a private and family life). It considers the domestic application of these rights as well as the various cases in which they have been raised. In doing this, the chapter explores the balance that must be struck between certain rights on the one hand and competing interests and needs on the other. With this in mind, it focuses on two areas: first, the freedoms of association and assembly, balanced against the need to ensure public order; and secondly, the freedom of liberty and right to a fair trial, against the need to ensure that the police can carry out their functions and responsibilities appropriately.

scholarly journals Rethinking the Constitutionality of Indonesia’s Flawed Anti-Blasphemy Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Cekli Setya Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Religious Expression ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Law ◽  
Public Disorder ◽  
The Right

This study examines the constitutionality of Indonesia’s Anti-Blasphemy Law, which has been challenged unsuccessfully at the Constitutional Court on three occasions, in 2009, 2012, and 2018. While the Court has acknowledged the law’s provisions are open to multiple interpretations, it insists on maintaining the law as it is, on the grounds that the right to religious expression is not absolute, as freedom and rights are restricted under Article 28J of the 1945 Constitution. The Court believes that canceling the law would create a dangerous legal vacuum. The ambiguity of the Court’s decisions on the constitutionality of the Anti-Blasphemy Law is illustrated in recent blasphemy cases that have not been explored in previous studies. This study uses a doctrinal legal approach to examine why the Anti-Blasphemy Law is flawed and to analyze to what extent the ‘particular constitutionalism’ approach influenced the Court’s decisions when declaring the constitutionality of the law. As such, the Court’s misinterpretation of the core principles of the competing rights – the right to religious freedom and the right to freedom of expression – and its standard limitation, have been ignored. The findings of this study show that in dealing with the Anti-Blasphemy Law, the Court has a narrow and limited recognition of human rights law. The Court’s fear of revoking the Anti-Blasphemy Law is based only on assumptions and is less supported by facts. The Court has failed to realize that the implementation of the flawed Anti-Blasphemy Law in various cases has triggered public disorder, with people taking justice into their own hands.

scholarly journals El derecho de consumo: notas sobre su repercusión

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-216
Author(s):  
Ignacio Andrés Mondéjar
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Consumer Law ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Derecho Penal ◽  
Sobre Todo

Law has helped humankind, before human beings were considered consumers or entrepreneurs, to obtain stability, peace and trust in their relations, especially in their business relations. This type of Law between civilians was, together with a corrective criminal law, the one that arose spontaneously in all civilizations. The regulations or traditions may be different but the nature of those spontaneous rules is equivalent. However, the State has been involved in a number of areas of the Right to parties, being the labour law, which regulates the rules between entrepreneurs and employees, and the consumer law, which regulates the rules between entrepreneurs and consumers, two of the most remarkable State’s interventions. Key words: Law, State, Consumption, Regulation, Arbitrage. JEL Classification: D11,D18, K10, K12, K13, P36. Resumen: El derecho ha servido a los hombres, antes de que se les denomi - nara consumidores y empresarios, en su afán de dar estabilidad, paz y fir-meza en sus relaciones, sobre todo y ante todo en sus relaciones comerciales. Este tipo de derecho entre civiles fue junto con el derecho penal correctivo, el que surgió espontáneamente en todas las civilizaciones. La regulación o las costumbres serán diferentes pero la esencia de esas espontáneas normas sí son equivalentes. Sin embargo, el Estado se ha introducido en numerosas parcelas del derecho de partes destacando aquí el derecho laboral, re gulan-do las normas entre empresarios y trabajadores y el derecho de consumo regulando las normas entre empresarios y consumidores. Palabras clave: Derecho, Estado,Consumo, Regulación, Arbitraje. Clasificación JEL: D11,D18, K10, K12, K13, P36.

scholarly journals THE PROTECTION OF ISLAM FROM RELIGIOUS INSULT IN THE CONTEXT OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Adzidah Yaakob ◽  
‘Ainun Syafiqah Rajuddin
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this study is to examine the nature of freedom of expression from three perspectives of laws, namely, international human right law, Malaysian law as well as Islamic law, and its relation in protecting religion of Islam from religious insult. The study argues that there ought to be a legal protection equipped to religion in order to protect religion from being insulted and indirectly to maintain the peace and the public order in the world. The protection cannot be viewed as violation to the freedom of expression but it shall be viewed as one of restrictions to the freedom of expression because no right or freedom is absolute. The findings indicate that the protection to religion from religious insult has never been regarded as a necessary because it clashes with the freedom of expression. Lastly, the study concludes with recommendations on how to strike a balance between the freedom of expression and the right to have religion to be protected as well as a proposal to develop an international anti-blasphemy law protecting all religions and beliefs. By implementing these methods, religion of Islam can be protected from religious insult and peoples can no longer invoke their freedom of expression as an excuse.

6. Balancing rights—free speech and privacy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Clapham
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Public Order ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Right

‘Balancing rights—free speech and privacy’ considers the human rights that have built-in limitations. The thrust of international human rights law for these rights is that limitations to rights must be justified by reference to pre-existing accessible laws that allow for proportionate action necessary to achieve a legitimate aim such as national security, public order, or the rights of others. Human rights simultaneously claim to protect freedom of expression and the right to privacy, but how do you balance these rights and put them into practice? It all depends on the context and proportionality.

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