scholarly journals Infection and Expulsion Rate of Intrauterine Contraceptive Device After Post Caesarean Vs Interval Insertion

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-909
Author(s):  
Zille Hyder Syed ◽  
Maryam Matloob ◽  
Rubina Qasim ◽  
Wafa Najeeb
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Expulsion Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Aim: To compare the frequency of infection and expulsion following insertion of IUCD immediate post casarean to that of interval insertion in parturient undergoing elective caesarean section Method: This Randomized controlled trial was conducted from 21 February to 20th August 2010. Results: It was observed that in immediate post cesarean group(Group A) expulsion rate was 8.1% and infection rate 7.2% where as in interval insertion group(Group B) expulsion rate was 10.9%and infection rate was 9.0%. The difference of expulsion rate was statistically significant in two groups (p value 0.491) i.e expulsion rate was proven to be significantly higher in interval insertion group than immediate trans cesarean insertion group. The difference of infection rate was not statistically significant between two groups (p value 0.623) although infection rate was found to be higher in interval insertion group but not clinically significant difference was found. Conclusion: Null hypothesis was rejected for expulsion rate of IUCD and a statistically significant increased expulsion rate was found in interval insertion group as compared to immediate post cesarean insertion group. Null hypothesis was accepted for infection rate after IUCD placement in two groups as no statistically significant increased infection rate was found between immediate post cesarean and interval insertion groups Keywords: Expulsion rate, infection rate,immediate post cesarean insertion,interval insertion.

scholarly journals Comparison of Salbutamol and Salbutamol with ipratropium bromide in children with exacerbation of Asthma in terms of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR).

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1611-1615
Author(s):  
Sadaf Minhas ◽  
Saqib Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Farooq ◽  
Ayesha Anwar ◽  
Farhan Zahoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Ipratropium Bromide ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Trial Setting

Objective: To compare the Salbutamol alone and Ipratropium Bromide supplemented Salbutamol in children with exacerbation of asthma in terms of PEFR. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Pediatrics Emergency, KRL Hospital Islamabad. Period: 1st August 2016 to 31 January 2017. Material & Methods: Group A patients were given only Salbutamol (0.15mg/kg per dose with minimum 2.5 mg, maximum 5 mg/dose). Group B was given Ipratropium Bromide supplemented Salbutamol (250 mcg/dose for <20 kg while 500 mcg/dose for >20kg of Ipratropium Bromide with same dose of Salbutamol as prescribed for Group A). Baseline spirometry was performed on each patient and after measurement of baseline peak expiratory flow. The outcome was measured by Peak flow meter and reassessed at 60 minutes. Results: Comparison of salbutamol alone and ipratropium bromide supplemented salbutamol in children with exacerbation of asthma in terms of PEFR shows that 40.5 + 4.28 in Group-A and 59.5 +4.75 in Group-B, P-value was calculated as 0.0001, showing a significant difference between the two groups while the difference in increase was recorded as 19%. Conclusion: We concluded that salbutamol alone is significantly less effective when compared with Ipratropium Bromide supplemented Salbutamol in children with exacerbation of asthma in terms of PEFR.

scholarly journals Removal efficacy of propolis/calcium hydroxide medicaments from the root canal

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adeel Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare the removal efficacy of propolis and calcium hydroxide medicaments from the root canal using manual irrigation with sodium hypochlorite. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University for two months. Thirty single-rooted upper or lower permanent anterior teeth with sound root and closed apex were selected. After cleaning and shaping of canal by protaper rotary, teeth were randomly divided into two groups. In group “A,” propolis paste was placed while calcium hydroxide was placed inside root canals in group “B,” followed by temporary restoration. After seven days, intracanal medicament was removed using 25 # K file and irrigated canal by 5 ml of 3.0% sodium hypochlorite. A final irrigation of 2-ml of 17% EDTA for three minutes followed by 1-ml of normal saline was performed. A diamond disc was used to cut the crowns of the teeth from cemento-enamel junction and divide the roots into two halves. These sectioned halves were then observed under a stereomicroscope at 7X magnification and analyzed using Adobe Photoshop. Magnetic lasso tool was used to calculate the percentage of residual medicament in the canals by comparing the pixel proportion of the medicament with the total pixel proportion of the canal. Paired t-test was used to see the difference in the number of remaining remnants between propolis and calcium hydroxide. A p-value of less than 0.5 was considered statistically significant. Results: A statistically significant difference (p-value < 0.001) was observed in the percentage of remaining remnants between propolis (23.22%) and calcium hydroxide (38.58%) after thorough irrigation with sodium hypochlorite. Conclusion: Propolis is superior to calcium hydroxide in terms of their removal potency from the root canal after thorough irrigation with sodium hypochlorite. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4241 How to cite this:Ahmed MA. Removal efficacy of propolis/calcium hydroxide medicaments from the root canal. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4241 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals A comparative evaluation of post placental intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) insertion between normal delivery and caesarean section

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3826
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Sarkar ◽  
Dhruba Prasad Paul ◽  
Jayanta Ray
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Expulsion Rate ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Placental

Background: Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes are related to pregnancies spaced too closely together. Objective of present study was to compare the expulsion rate and complications between post placental IUCD insertion between caesarean section and vaginal delivery.Methods: This study was a prospective comparative study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, at Agartala Government Medical College over 1.5 Years (January 2016-June2017) All cases at term pregnancy delivering by caesarean section and vaginal delivery were divided into two different groups. Sample size of 105 in each group. Subjects recruited from-obstetrics OPD and casualty of Agartala Government Medical College (AGMC) and GB Pant Hospital expulsion rate and complications. Comparative evaluation of Expulsion rate and complications following post placental IUCD insertion between caesarean section and vaginal delivery at the end of six months, one year and one and half year.Results: There was no significant difference in either complications between the two groups (P value-.913) or outcomes (p value-.035). Expulsion rate 18.2% following vaginal delivery compared to those with intracaesarean insertion i.e 3.8%.Conclusions: The complications associated with postplacental Intrauterine device insertion is insignificant, still the awareness, acceptance and continuation are very low. Therefore Information, education Communication activity by the field workers must be enhanced to overcome this knowledge gap.

scholarly journals Comparison of Recovery Time of Propofol and Midazolam with Propofol Alone for Sedation in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1024-1027
Author(s):  
Asma Samreen ◽  
Aamir Waseem ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Itrat Hussain Kazmi ◽  
Aamir Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Intravenous Anesthetic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Procedural sedation is required for multiple short duration procedures outside of the operating rooms especially in radiology and endoscopy suites. Intravenous anesthetic agent with rapid recovery profile is desirable in such circumstances. This study aims to compare two regimens of intravenous anesthetic agents. Aim: To compare the mean recovery time of propofol and midazolam with propofol alone for sedation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Settings: Department of Anesthesia, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. Study Duration: June 2017 to December 2017. Methods: A total of 70 adult patients aged 20-60 years undergoing ERCP under sedation were included. Patients were given a combination of propofol and midazolam in group A while propofol alone was given in group B. After procedure, pts were transferred to recovery room and were followed for assessment of recovery time. Data were analyzed in SPSS vr 21, Independent t-test was applied & p-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Significant difference was found in mean recovery time amongst both the groups. Mean recovery time in Group A (propofol and midazolam) was 19.29±4.50 minutes while in Group B (propofol alone) was 26.66±3.70 minutes showing statistically significant result with p-value = 0.0001. Conclusion: We conclude that mean recovery time with propofol plus midazolam is shorter as compared to propofol alone for sedation in ERCP. Keywords: Propofol, midazolam, sedation outside operation theatre.

scholarly journals A comparative clinical study between intra-caesarean and interval intra uterine copper device insertion in caesarean deliveries

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3874
Author(s):  
Geetha Lakshmi R. ◽  
Sornam M. S. ◽  
Thenmozhi G.
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Uterine Perforation ◽  
Expulsion Rate ◽  
Insertion Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Health and family welfare of Indian Ministry, emphasis on postpartum IUCD insertion. Here we conducted a clinical study comparing intra-caesarean and interval CuT-380A insertion in caesarean deliveries.Methods: A systematic study with 150 patients in each group, recruited clients alternately. Group A Intra-Caesarean Cu-T insertion and Group B Interval Cu-T insertion in caesarean deliveries. Groups were followed up at 6th week and 6th month post insertion with a set of parameters. Missed strings, expulsion and infection rates were the primary outcome measures.Results: Infection rate is higher in Group A (2.3%) at 6th week, and at 6th month infection rate is higher in Group B (1.8%). Missed strings are higher in intra-caesarean than in interval insertion method both at 6th week and 6th month follow up p=0.000, hence significant. Expulsion rate is higher in Group A (2.5%) at 6th week, and at 6th month expulsion rate is higher in Group B (1.9%). There are no complications such as uterine perforation or contraceptive failures in both the groups during the study period. By analysis, there are no significant differences in infection and expulsion rates between the groups. For missed strings there is significant difference between the groups with more missed strings in intra-caesarean insertion method.Conclusions: To conclude, intra-caesarean method is equally effective as interval IUCD insertion method without added complications in caesarean deliveries, with advantage of high motivation, good compliance, safety and ease for the provider to deliver services. 

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF ONDANSETRON AND METOCLOPRAMIDE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1197-1202
Author(s):  
Hajra Shuja ◽  
Mehmood Ali Shah ◽  
Sadaf Bokhari
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Trial Setting

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a standard treatment for cholelithiasis. It is a safe and effective treatment in many cases. General anesthesia has a high incidence for PONV. But anti-emetic drugs can help in preventing PONV. Objectives: To compare the efficacy of ondansetron and metoclopramide in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Department of Anaesthesia, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Period: 6 months i.e. from 15-2-2017 to 15-8-2017. Material & Methods: The patients were divided into two groups. Ondansetron was given to group A patients within 15 minutes of induction, and metoclopramide to group B patients within 15 minutes of induction. Then patients were shifted to the ward after surgery and followed-up for 24 hours for assessment of PONV. All the data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 38.40±12.07 years and in group B was 42.63±11.77 years. The efficacy achieved in 53 were from group A and 39 were from group B Statistically significant difference was found between the study groups i.e. p-value=0.003. Conclusion: Ondansetron showed significantly better efficacy than metoclopramide in preventing PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.

scholarly journals Comparative study showing relevance of prosthesis diameter and hearing outcome in stapes surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1464
Author(s):  
Udayanila Thangavel ◽  
Harish Narasing Katakdhond ◽  
Deepak Dalmia ◽  
Narsinha Davange ◽  
Parth Patni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hearing Improvement ◽  
Hearing Outcome ◽  
Teflon Piston ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Individual

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otosclerosis presents as conductive hearing loss, stapedotomy is the treatment for otosclerosis, and different sizes of piston diameter are available for the procedure. Aims and objectives were to study and compare hearing improvement between the 0.4 and 0.6 mm sizes of teflon piston in stapedotomy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a prospective randomized controlled trial. Patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were subjected for small fenestra stapedotomy. Patients were divided into two groups after randomization into group A (with 0.4 mm piston diameter) and group B (with 0.6 mm piston diameter). The hearing outcome with standard audiological assessment was performed at one month and six months postoperatively.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Comparison of 1 month AB gap among the patients with 0.4 mm piston and 0.6 mm piston showed that there was no statistically significant difference among both the groups of patients (independent t test p value=0.699). Comparison of 6 month AB gap among the patients with 0.4 mm piston and 0.6 mm piston showed that there was no statistically significant difference among both the groups of patients (independent t test p value=0.54).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There was no significant difference in hearing improvement among the individual methods (piston size 0.4 and 0.6) with each other both in 1 month post-operative and 6 month post-operative follow up. Hence, we conclude that there is no relevance of different diameter of teflon piston prosthesis (0.4 mm versus 0.6 mm) as far as hearing outcome is concerned.</p>

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF INTRACAESARIAN VERSUS INTERVAL PLACEMENT OF INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1776-81
Author(s):  
Uzma Gul ◽  
Sunarays Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intrauterine Contraceptive Device ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Interval Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intrauterine Contraceptive ◽  
Group A ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare intracaesarian placement of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) with interval placement at 6 weeks in terms of device expulsion and continued use at 6 months postpartum. Study design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Combined Military Hospital Jhelum, Oct 2017 to Oct 2018. Materials and methods: 104 pregnant women aged 20 to 40 years old, planned for an elective caesarian delivery and who opted for an IUCD were included. They were randomly divided into two equal groups using lottery method. Women were told about their assigned timing of IUCD placement well before their surgery. Group A had IUCD placed during caesarian section while group B (serving as controls) had insertion after 6 weeks. Cu-T 380 A was provided free of charge to all participants. Women were seen after 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. Both groups were analyzed and compared in terms of IUCD expulsion and continued use at 6 months postpartum. Results: The device was placed in 48 women in group A and 35 women in group B (p 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in device expulsion rates between the two groups (p 0.37). After 6 months significantly higher proportion of women in the intracaesarian group were continuing to use the IUCD as compared to the interval group (p˂0.05) Conclusion: Intra-caesarian placement of IUCD leads to statistically significant higher continuation rates as compared to conventional interval placement with no statistically significant difference in expulsion rates.

Analgesia for the Change of Dressing in Burn Victims: A Comparison Between Oral Ketamine and Oral Dexmedetomidine

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Faridah Sohail ◽  
Lala Rukh Bangash ◽  
Waqar Azim ◽  
Farah Arshad ◽  
Anum Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
P Value ◽  
Burn Victims ◽  
Oral Ketamine ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare the efficacy of oral ketamine with oral dexmedetomidine for providing adequate analgesia for change of dressing in burn patients in burn dressing room. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out in Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Lahore, from April 2019 to September 2019 after getting the approval from the Ethical Committee of Jinnah Hospital / Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore. 80 patients between 20 to 50 years, with 1st and 2nd degree burns and 20 to 40% of total body surface area involved were allocated in two groups A and B. The patients in group A received oral ketamine at a dose of 5mg/kg in 15 ml of water 30 mins while those in group B received dexmedetomidine, 4 ug/kg orally, in 15 ml of water 30 mins before the start of dressing change. The change of dressing was carried out with continuous vital monitoring. Pain was assessed via visual analogue scale (VAS) and sedation via Ramsay sedation score. All the observations were recorded on the predesigned proforma. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis. Result: The baseline mean VAS score of patients in group A was 7.67 + 0.55 and in group B was 7.70 + 0.57 (p value = 0.799). Significant decrease in pain score in both groups was noted after 30 mins of drugs administration (p=0.000). Also a significant difference in pain scores was seen between the two groups (p< 0.05), with the patients in group A having lower pain scores as compared to patients in group B. Conclusion: both ketamine and dexmedetomidine provide adequate analgesia for the change of burn dressing when administered orally with ketamine providing better analgesic state as compared to dexmedetomidine. Key Words: Burn, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, analgesia. How to cite: Sohail F., Bangash R.L., Azim W., Arshad F, Anwar A., Niazi K.A. Analgesia for the Change of Dressing in Burn Victims: A Comparison between Oral Ketamine and Oral Dexmedetomidine. Esulapio 2021;17(01):39-44

scholarly journals Endometrioma and ART: Does the Needle Work?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Patil ◽  
Rashmi P Hagargi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gnrh Analog ◽  
Gnrh Analogs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
Cyst Aspiration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
A Prospective Study

ABSTRACT Aim and Objectives The aim of this study was to see if the fertility outcome improved when IVF/ICSI was done after administration of GnRH analogs and cyst aspiration in comparison with patients in whom either only cyst aspiration or only GnRh analogs were administered. Materials and methods This was a prospective study done in a tertiary level ART center which included 30 patients over a span of 5 years from 2004 to 2009. All of them had endometriomas and underwent assisted reproductive techniques (ART) either after cyst aspiration with or without GnRH analog pretreatment or only GnRH analog pretreatment. Depending on the pretreatment received, they were classified into three groups: • Group B: Both GnRH analog and cyst aspiration • Group C: Only cyst aspiration • Group G: Only GnRH analog. The patients were not randomized. The number of days required for stimulation, total dose of stimulation required, number of oocytes obtained, quality of embryos, and the pregnancy rates for each group were tabulated for comparison. Statistical analysis The significance of the difference in ART outcome after the different modalities of pretreatment, which was estimated in terms of pregnancy rates was evaluated by calculating the p-value. Observations and results Significant difference was observed between the pregnancy rates in the three groups, with the maximum pregnancy rate in group B, followed by the group G and then the group C. The p-value showed a trend, though not statistically significant, indicating the need for larger prospective studies with greater number of subjects. Conclusion Pretreating endometriomas by aspirating the cysts and administering three doses of GnRH analog depot preparation prior to IVF/ICSI seems to be better than administering GnRH analog depot preparation alone or aspirating the cysts alone in terms of the number of days required for stimulation, the number of oocytes obtained, and the clinical pregnancy rates.

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