Diagnostic Accuracy of Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Esophagography in Grading of Esophageal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2175-2177
Author(s):  
Mehwish Bashir ◽  
Hina Hanif Mughal ◽  
Faisal Mehmood ◽  
Muhammmad Imran Aftab ◽  
Madiha Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Oesophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography esophagography in grading esophageal varices using upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as a gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional (validation) study Place and Duration of Study: Radiology department, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi from 14th July 2016 to 13th January 2017. Methodology: One hundred and forty five clinically diagnosed patients of liver cirrhosis, age between 35-80 years were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent multi-detector computed tomography and endoscopy examination for the identification as well as grading of oesophageal varices. Results: High risk varices were identified in 106 (73.1%) of patients on multi-detector computed tomography and were identified in 108 (74.5%) of patients on endoscopy. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value and accuracy of multi-detector computed tomography forthe identification of high risk esophageal varices were found to be 94.4%, 89.2%, 84.6%, 96.2% and 93.1% respectively. Conclusion: Multi-detector computed tomography esophagography detected high risk esophageal varices with excellent accuracy. This could be a practical and non-invasive choice of imaging for the identification& grading of esophageal varices. Key words: Esophageal varices, Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), Endoscopy

Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679-1681
Author(s):  
Afaque Ali ◽  
Majid Shaikh ◽  
Ahsanullah . ◽  
Adeel Ahmed ◽  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

scholarly journals Accuracy of Multi-Detector Computed Tomography in Detection of Esophageal Varices in Chronic Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Syeda Zakia Shah ◽  
Umair Ajmal ◽  
Shahabuddin Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Background: Patients with chronic liver disease should undergo screening endoscopy, but this approach places a heavy burden upon endoscopy units along with other limitations. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of multi-detector computed tomography scan in detecting esophageal varices taking endoscopy as gold standard.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done from 1st Jan 2018 to 31st Dec 2018 at Department of Radiology, PIMS Hospital Islamabad. A total of 180 patients of both gender with chronic liver disease for at least 12 months were included in this study with an age range of 25-65 years. Patients with active gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast agent, chronic renal failure, claustrophobic and pregnant females were excluded. All the patients underwent endoscopy and computed tomography of lower chest and the upper abdomen before and after intravenous contrast administration. Multi detector computed tomography (MDCT) scan findings for esophageal varices were compared with endoscopy findings.Results: In MDCT positive patients (n=102), 98 were true positive and 04 were false positive. Among 78 MDCT negative patients, 07 were false negative, whereas 71 were true negative. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 93.33%, and 94.67% respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 96.08% and 91.03% respectively, while diagnostic accuracy of MDCT in detecting esophageal varices in chronic liver disease patients was 93.89%, taking endoscopy as gold standard.Conclusions: Multi-detector computed tomography scan is a highly sensitive and accurate non-invasive modality for detecting esophageal varices in chronic liver disease patients.Key words: Accuracy, Chronic liver disease, Esophageal varices, Multi-detector computed tomography

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Doppler Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Testicular Carcinoma by Taking Histopathology as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
. Ahsanullah ◽  
Vicky Kumar ◽  
Mohsim Hussain ◽  
Humaira Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Testicular Carcinoma ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of testicular carcinoma, by taking histopathology as gold standard. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Radiology department of Liaquat University of Medical and health Sciences (LUMHS), from November 2017 to October 2019. All the clinically diagnosed cases of testicular carcinoma, those who referred for doppler ultrasound and histopathology of testes, were included. After taking informed consent all the study participants underwent testicular histopathology after doppler ultrasound. All of the information was entered into a research proforma. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Results: Overall, 70 patients of suspected testicular carcinoma were studied. The mean age of the cases was 38.38+4.55 years. Most of the cases 47(67.1%) were poor. As per Doppler ultrasound (U/S) findings out of all 55.7% cases had diagnosed testicular carcinoma, while histopathologically it was observed in 45.7% of the cases. Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler U/S in testicular carcinoma diagnosis was observed to be 77%, followed by sensitivity (SE) 84%, specificity (SP) 71%, positive predictive value (PPV) 78% and negative predictive value (NPV) 84%. Conclusion: Doppler ultrasound observed to be a non-invasive, uncomplicated, lack of pain, effective and easily available diagnostic tool for early diagnosis of testicular carcinoma.

Diagnostic Accuracy of BISAP Score for Detecting Acute Pancreatitis Keeping Computed Tomography Severity Index as GS

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3164-3165
Author(s):  
Mohammad Iltaf ◽  
Sana Akhtar ◽  
Dilaram Khan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To establish the diagnostic accuracy of BISAP in detecting the severe acute pancreatitis keeping computed tomography severity index as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar from April 16th 2018 to 16th October 2018. Methodology: One hundred and twenty nine patients of age range of 18-60, of either gender having severe acute pancreatitis were included. While patients already diagnosed as severe acute pancreatitis and having known history of chronic pancreatitis were excluded. Patients were subjected to CT scan to confirm whether the severe acute pancreatitis is present or not. All CT scans were reported by single experiences radiologist. Results: There were 30.3% were males and 69.7% were females with mean age 42±11.03 years. BISAP had sensitivity 92.74%, specificity 80%, positive predictive value 99.13%, negative predictive value 20.76% and the overall diagnostic accuracy was 92.24%. Conclusion: BISAP had sensitivity 93.61%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 40% and the overall diagnostic accuracy was 93.87% in severe acute pancreatitis keeping CT severity index as gold standard. Keywords: Accuracy, Severe acute pancreatitis, Computed tomography

scholarly journals ESOPHAGEAL VARICES;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (05) ◽  
pp. 653-660
Author(s):  
AHSAN AYUB
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Oesophageal Varices ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Vein Diameter

Bleeding from esophageal varices is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is currently recommended that allpatients with liver cirrhosis undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to identify those who have esophageal varices. This approachleads to unnecessary endoscopies. There is need to evaluate clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters that may predict the presence ofesophageal varices and help select patients for endoscopy. Objective: Identify hematological, biochemical and ultasonographicpredictors of oesophageal varices in patients of cirrhosis. Study design: Cross sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Department ofGeneral Medicine and Gastroenterology unit 1, Services Hospital, Lahore. Duration of study: 6 months (April 01, 2007 – September 30,2007). Sample size: Study was done on One hundred patients who had established cirrhosis with oesophageal varices. Results: Majority(77%) were male who had evidence of esophageal varices. Hematemesis was the presenting complaint in 75% of patients and majority(83%) had clinically palpable spleen. Esophageal varices were present in 75% of patents who had platelet count <100, 000. In patientswho had portal vein diameter of >20mm 41% had evidence of esophageal varices. Splenic measurement of >13cm was associated withmaximum number of cases of esophageal varices i.e 82%. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that male gender, clinically palpablespleen, low platelet count, portal vein diameter and splenic measurement can be used as non invasive parameters to predict esophagealvarices reducing the need of unnecessary endoscopies.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging Versus CT Brain in Hyperacute Stroke – A Prospective Study, Rohtas, Bihar

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 2514-2519
Author(s):  
Ankit Chaturvedi ◽  
Dipu Singh ◽  
Prashant Sinha ◽  
Rishav Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperacute Stroke ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

BACKGROUND The purpose of imaging is multifaceted, ranging from selecting the most appropriate patients for treatment, to avoiding those who are unlikely to benefit. In the present situation, imaging methods basically include cross-sectional imaging by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The target of the assessment is the vessels that supply the brain parenchyma and its associated part at the same / distant perfusion level. In this study, we wanted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted MR imaging with nonenhanced CT in the diagnosis of hyperacute stroke. METHODS This prospective study was conducted in Radiology Department at Narayan Medical College Rohtas, Bihar. The study group includes a sample of 45 patients who had come to the Department of Radiology within 6 hours of onset of stroke symptoms. Non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) and MRI were done in all the patients and the results were studied. Study subjects were recruited as following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected, entered and analysed using Microsoft Excel, Epi Info and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software. RESULTS The hyperintense ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were typically more visually distinct and easier to distinguish than the EIS on CT scans, resulting in better overall values. When the five regions were looked at separately, DWI had higher sensitivity than CT studies, which was close to the overall EIS ranking. The basal ganglia and the insular ribbon had the greatest sensitivity in both modalities. Eight of the 14 patients were classified in the consensus rating of CT and DW imaging, resulting in a sensitivity of 57 percent for both methods, with a bad value of 0.40 for CT and a good value of 0.68 for DW imaging. CONCLUSIONS DW imaging had a higher sensitivity and interrater agreement than CT imaging in detecting early infarction. KEYWORDS Stroke, Computed tomography, MRI, Ischaemia

Noninvasive Evaluation of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts with 16-Slice Multidetector Computed Tomography

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Sahiner ◽  
Ali Oto ◽  
Kudret Aytemir ◽  
Tuncay Hazirolan ◽  
Musturay Karcaaltincaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Mdct Angiography ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

<p><b>Background:</b> The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of 16-slice multislice, multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography for the evaluation of grafts in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Fifty-eight consecutive patients with CABG who underwent both MDCT and conventional invasive coronary angiography were included. The median time interval between the 2 procedures was 10 days (range, 1-32 days). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MDCT for the detection of occluded grafts were calculated. The accuracy of MDCT angiography for detecting significant stenoses in patent grafts and the evaluability of proximal and distal anastomoses were also investigated.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Optimal diagnostic images could not be obtained for only 3 (2%) of 153 grafts. Evaluation of the remaining 150 grafts revealed values for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of the MDCT angiography procedure for the diagnosis of occluded grafts of 87%, 97%, 94%, 93%, and 92%, respectively. All of the proximal anastomoses were optimally visualized. In 4 (8%) of 50 patent arterial grafts, however, the distal anastomotic region could not be evaluated because of motion and surgical-clip artifacts. The accuracy of MDCT angiography for the detection of significant stenotic lesions was relatively low (the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 67%, 98%, 50%, and 99%, respectively). The number of significant lesions was insufficient to reach a reliable conclusion, however.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our study showed that MDCT angiography with 16-slice systems has acceptable diagnostic performance for the evaluation of coronary artery bypass graft patency.</p>

Accuracy of Computed Tomography for Detection of COVID-19 among Suspected Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2474-2476
Author(s):  
Maham Munir Awan ◽  
Afshan Noreen ◽  
Farah Kalsoom ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Umaima Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
True Positive ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Radiological Society ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Pcr Test

Objective: To determine the accuracy of CT chest in diagnosis of COVID-19 taking RT-PCR-testing as gold standard. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 patients of suspicion of COVID-19 who were referred for CT Chest in Radiology Department of Nishtar Medical University Multan from June-2020 to May-2021 were included. In all patients, two RT-PCR test results were obtained with 7 days of admission in hospital. Presence of any of these positive was labelled as COVID-19 infection. CT chest was performed in all patients within 2 days of admission in hospital using 128 slices CT scan machine. The diagnosis of COVID-19 infection was made according to the recommendations by Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) protocol. Results: Mean age was 51.3±14.7 years. 78 (52%) patients were male and 72 (48%) patients were female. RTPCR test was positive in 89 (59.3%) patients. While the CT chest findings were suggestive of COVID-19 infection in 130 (86.7%) patients. The sensitivity of CT chest was 95.5%, specificity 26.2%, PPV wad 65.4% and NPV was 80.0%. Conclusion: CT chest has a very good sensitivity for detection of COVID-19, it can be used as a rapid diagnostic tool especially in areas of pandemic. However, the specificity of CT chest is low, that can limit its use in low COVID-19 affected areas. Keywords: COVID-19, Computed tomography, False Positive, True Positive, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value.

scholarly journals Comparison of Venous and Capillary Sampling in Oral Glucose Testing for the Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Diagnostic Accuracy Cross-Sectional Study Using Accu-Chek Inform II

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1011
Author(s):  
Sofia Nevander ◽  
Eva Landberg ◽  
Marie Blomberg ◽  
Bertil Ekman ◽  
Caroline Lilliecreutz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Capillary Sampling

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication with negative impacts on mother and child. The primary aim of this study was to examine whether plasma glucose cutoffs for GDM diagnosis based on venous sampling can be replaced by cutoffs based on capillary sampling. A prospective cross-sectional study was performed at an antenatal care clinic including 175 pregnant women undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Duplicate samples were collected by capillary and venous puncture while fasting and 1 h and 2 h after an OGTT. Both samples were analyzed on Accu-Chek Inform II. The cutoffs for a GDM diagnosis using capillary samples were corrected from 5.1 to 5.3 mmol/L for the fasting sample, from 10.0 to 11.1 mmol/L for the 1 h sample, and from 8.5 to 9.4 mmol/L for the 2-h sample using half of the dataset. Applying these cutoffs to the remaining dataset resulted in a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.0%, 95.0%, and 90.3%, respectively, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83%, an negative predictive value (NPV) of 96%, and a positive negative likelihood ratio (LHR) of 16.4 using capillary sampling for the GDM diagnosis at fasting and 2-h after. Corrected cutoffs and capillary samples can be used for the diagnosis of GDM with maintained diagnostic accuracy using Accu-Chek Inform II.

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