scholarly journals A newly synthetic compound of Ibuprofen and Gabapentin as a novel analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent: A pharmacological study in rats’ experimental models

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Abdulkhaliq Ibrahim ◽  
Hiba N. Alsaad ◽  
Ahmed H. Al-Darraji ◽  
Monther F. Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Synthetic Compound ◽  
Group A ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group B ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Group D

Objective: Inflammation and pain are normally present concomitantly, which requires using a combination of anti-inflammatory and pain killer medications. This could potentially decrease patient adherence to such combinations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop combinations of anti-inflammatory and analgesic therapies. This study is designed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of a newly synthetic compound of ibuprofen and gabapentin. Method: The study protocol includes two stages. The first stage: the evaluation of the analgesic effectiveness of tested compounds via using hot plate and acetic acid induced-writhing tests. The second stage: the investigation of the anti-inflammatory activity via using dextran induced- peritonitis, cotton pelt induced- granulomas, and formalin induced- paw edema analyses. Rats were randomly divided into four groups (six rats in each group): Group A (control): rats were orally treated with vehicle (propylene glycol 50 % v/v); Group B: rats were orally treated with ibuprofen (10 mg/ kg); Group C: rats were orally treated with gabapentin (200 mg/ kg); and Group D: rats were orally treated with the synthetic compound (ibuprofen-gabapentin) in dose equivalent to 10 mg/ kg ibuprofen and 200 mg/kg gabapentin. Result: It was found that the newly synthesized compound of ibuprofen and gabapentin has significantly reduced the pain in comparison with control groups. Additionally, this compound has significant anti-inflammatory properties compared to medications admitted to the control group as well. Conclusion: The newly synthesized compound (ibuprofen-gabapentin) demonstrates remarkable analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in comparison with the conventional compounds.

scholarly journals Impact of anti-inflammatory agent like Bryophyllum pinnatum aqueous extract and diclofenac on blood pressure and creatinine clearance.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2110-2116
Author(s):  
Farwa Naqvi ◽  
Iram Imran ◽  
Bilal Habib ◽  
Summyia Sadia ◽  
Zaib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Group A ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Objectives: To study the impact of anti-inflammatory agent like Bryophyllum pinnatum aqueous extract and diclofenac on blood pressure and creatinine clearance. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha, Department of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha. Period: 1st January 2019 to 30th June 2019. Material & Methods: 24 Sprague Dawley rats were obtained and were then divided into four groups. Negative control group (A) contained animals received normal diet while Group B, C and D received diet containing sucrose (20% w/w) to induce hypertension. After that group B (positive control group) received distilled water 0.5 ml was by oral route, group C (Bryophyllum pinnatum group) received Bryophyllum pinnatum aqueous extract 300 mg/ml intraperitoneally and group D received diclofenac 12 mg/kg intraperitoneally as a single morning dose for two weeks. Blood pressure of animals was recorded at baseline and then weekly throughout the study using tail cuff using non-invasive blood pressure controller (ML125R). Animals were anesthetised with chloroform and two ml blood was drawn through cardiac puncture at 0, 4and 6 weeks. Blood was tested for haematocrit. Serum sodium and potassium levels were estimated by flame photometer. Urinary creatinine levels were estimated by kinetic Jaffé method. The data collected was processed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20). Results: Mean and standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (BP) of group A rats did not change with time, while that of group B, C and D increased till 4th week. Creatinine clearance of group A, B and C did not change much with time but that of group D decreased towards end of study period. Conclusion: Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf aqueous extract is an effective anti-hypertensive agent with minimal renal effects.

Silymarin and dimercaptosuccinic acid ameliorate lead-induced nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Alcaraz-Contreras ◽  
RP Mendoza-Lozano ◽  
ER Martínez-Alcaraz ◽  
M Martínez-Alfaro ◽  
MA Gallegos-Corona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Dimercaptosuccinic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

We studied the effect of silymarin and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a chelating agent that was administered individually or in combination against lead (Pb) toxicity in rats. Wistar rats (200 ± 20) were randomly divided into five groups. Group A served as a control. Groups B–E were exposed to 2000 ppm of lead acetate in drinking water for 8 weeks. Group B served as a positive control. Group C received silymarin (100 mg kg−1 orally) for 8 weeks. Group D received DMSA (75 mg kg−1 orally) once daily for the last 5 days of treatment. Group E received DMSA and silymarin as groups C and D, respectively. The effect of Pb was evaluated and accordingly the treatments on blood lead levels (BLLs), renal system, and genotoxic effects were calculated using comet assay. The BLLs were significantly increased following the exposition of lead acetate. The administration of silymarin and DMSA provided reduction in BLLs. Silymarin and DMSA provided significant protection on the genotoxic effect of Pb. The toxic effect of Pb on kidneys was also studied. Our data suggest that silymarin and DMSA improve the renal histopathological lesions.

scholarly journals Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Corchorus olitorius on the testis and blood testosterone level of adult Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 024-030
Author(s):  
Godwin Chinedu Uloneme ◽  
Demian Nnabuihe Ezejindu ◽  
Darlington Cyprian Akukwu ◽  
Amadi Chibundu Chiekezie
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Group A ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Group B ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Group D

Background: The extract of Corchorus olitorius has a reasonable content of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre, and therefore enjoys a universal application in the treatment of some disease conditions, even as the whole leaf is a very important component of food in so many cultures. Purpose: The study was designed to investigate the effect of Corchorus olitorius extracts on the testis of adult Wistar rats. Method: A total number of thirty two adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200 grammes separated into four groups labeled A,B,C and D respectively were used for the study. Animals in group A which served as the control group were fed with the normal rat chow and water only. The group B rats were administered 100mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorus; while those in group C were administered 500mg/kg body weight of the extract. The group D rats received 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract. For a period of four weeks, the different experimental animal groups received the respective aforementioned treatments once daily, around nine- o’clock in the morning through oral intubation. At the end of the 28 day treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the testes harvested for histological, investigation, and through cardiac puncture, blood samples for some hormonal studies was also collected and investigated using standard laboratory standards. Results: Observations made showed that the extract produced no histological distortions, degenerative or defective effects on the testicular tissues. The testosterone levels of group B, C, and D rats were observed to be significantly higher (P<0.005) than that of the group A (control group).ound: The extract of Corchorus olitorius has a reasonable content of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and fibre, and therefore enjoys a universal application in the treatment of some disease conditions, even as the whole leaf is a very important component of food in so many cultures. Purpose: The study was designed to investigate the effect of Corchorus olitorius extracts on the testis of adult Wistar rats. Method: A total number of thirty two adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200 grammes separated into four groups labeled A,B,C and D respectively were used for the study. Animals in group A which served as the control group were fed with the normal rat chow and water only. The group B rats were administered 100mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorus; while those in group C were administered 500mg/kg body weight of the extract. The group D rats received 1000mg/kg body weight of the extract. For a period of four weeks, the different experimental animal groups received the respective aforementioned treatments once daily, around nine- o’clock in the morning through oral intubation. At the end of the 28 day treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the testes harvested for histological, investigation, and through cardiac puncture, blood samples for some hormonal studies was also collected and investigated using standard laboratory standards. Results: Observations made showed that the extract produced no histological distortions, degenerative or defective effects on the testicular tissues. The testosterone levels of group B, C, and D rats were observed to be significantly higher (P<0.005) than that of the group A (control group).

scholarly journals Protective effect of LIF-huMSCs on the retina of diabetic model rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1508-1517
Author(s):  
Shan-Na Chen ◽  
◽  
Ying-Xue Ma ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Guang-Hui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Model ◽  
Group A ◽  
Retinal Structure ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Function ◽  
Group D ◽  
Control Group Group

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) modified by the LIF gene on the retinal function of diabetic model rats and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: A stably transfected cell line of hUCMSCs overexpressing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was constructed. Overexpression was verified by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Forty-eight adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A), streptozotocin-induced diabetic control group (group B), diabetic rats at 3mo injected with empty vector-transfected hUCMSCs (group C) or injected with LIF-hUCMSCs (group D). Four weeks after the intravitreal injection, analyses in all groups included retinal function using flash electroretinogram (F-ERG), retinal blood vessel examination of retinal flat mounts perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran), and retinal structure examination of sections using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression levels of adiponectin (APN), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) in each group was detected using immunohistochemistry, PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: A stable transgenic cell line of LIF-hUCMSCs was constructed. F-ERG and FITC-dextran examinations revealed no abnormalities of retinal structure and function in group A, severe damage of the retinal blood vessels and function in group B, and improved retinal structure and function in group C and especially group D. qPCR, ELISA, and Western blot analyses revealed progressively higher APN and NT-4 expression levels in groups B, C, and D than in group A. hs-CRP expression was significantly higher in group B than in groups A, C, and D, and was significantly higher in group C than in group D (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: LIF-hUCMSCs protect the retina of diabetic rats by upregulating APN and NT-4 expression and downregulating hs-CRP expression in the retina.

The Effect of Gongronema Latifolum (Utazi) on Some Haematological Parameters of Rabbit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Differential White Blood Cell ◽  
Group D ◽  
Gongronema Latifolium

The hematological features of Gongronema latifolium, aqueous leaves extract was evaluated using standard methods. After 10 days of consecutive infusions into 9 experimental animals (rabbits). The rabbits were monitored and the following parameters determined; hemoglobin (HB), PCV, Platelet, WBC, Differential White Blood Cell. The Rabbits were grouped into 4, one consisting of control (group A), group B was fed with 0.5 mg/kg, group C with 1.0 mg/kg, and Group D with 1.5mg/kg of the aqueous extract of Gongronemalatifolium. The mean values obtained for hemoglobin estimation for the control group is 5.9 ± 4.1 g/dl, 9.1 ± 2.9 g/dl for group B 10.2 ± 1.8 g/dl for group C and 12.8 ± 0.1 g/dl for group D with no significant increase on the PCV estimation, the mean value for the control (group A) is 17.7 ± 12.3%, 27.3 ± 8.7% for group B, group C (30.6 ± 5.4%) and D (28.4 ± 0.3) show increase that statistically significant (p > 0.01). the platelet counts of group C (600 ± 0 x 109/L) and D(600 ± 0 x 109/L) show significant increase (p > 0.01) when compared with the control (600 ± 00). But the platelet value of group B (550 ± 50 x 109/L) shows no difference. No significant changes were observed in the White Blood Counts of the test groups B (3.5 ± 0.5 x 109/L), C (1.9 + 2.1 x 109/L) and D(3.6 ± 0.4) when compared with the control group (2.9 ± 1.9). The values obtained from the differential White Blood Counts (Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils and Monocytes) were not significant. Therefore, Gongronemalatifolium, when properly taken as a nutritional diet, causes beneficial changes on hemoglobin, packed cell volumes and platelet counts of consumers.

scholarly journals Effect of intranasal recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica vaccination on some haematological indices of goats infected with peste des petits ruminants virus

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
OZ Tenuche ◽  
BO Emikpe
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Mannheimia Haemolytica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
Ppr Virus ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

There is dearth of information on the haematological changes associated with Mannheimia haemolytica vaccination in goats, hence this report which describes some haematological changes observed following vaccination with intranasal Recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica vaccine in goats naturally infected with peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus. Twenty one (male, n=11; and female, n=10) goats were assigned to three vaccinated groups (A, B and D) with five goats per group (male: 3, female: 2), while the control group had 6 goats. Group A was vaccinated once intranasally, group B was vaccinated intranasally twice at one week interval and group D was vaccinated intranasally twice at two weeks interval . The control group (C) was not vaccinated. The vaccinated and control groups were challenged by comingling with pneumonic goats to simulate the field experience. PPR virus infection was later diagnosed in all the groups post vaccination. An average of four animals per treatment group in post-vaccination days were bled once weekly for six weeks (every week) to evaluate some haematological changes. The PCV values were within the normal range, while there was a decline in lymphocyte count at week 5, and a steady increase in neutrophil count in group A. In Group B, there was similar decline in lymphocyte count from the sixth week, while in groups C (Control) and D, the lymphocyte count declined at the 7th week, as the neutrophil counts increased. There were no significant changes in monocyte and eosinophil counts. The degree of changes in lymphocyte and neutrophil counts was mild in group B and marked in group D. This study revealed that intranasal vaccination of recombinant Mannheimia  haemolytica vaccine in the presence of PPR virus outbreak results in mild hematological derangement when the goats were vaccinated with  Mannheimia haemolytica bacterin at a week interval.Keywords: Goats, Haematology, Intranasal Recombinant Mannheimia haemolytica, Peste des Petits Ruminants, Vaccination

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Extract of Basella alba L. leaves on Blood Cell Count in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Farhana Sabrin ◽  
AF Mohammed Shafiqul Alam ◽  
Muhammad Rashedul Islam ◽  
Md Elias Al Mamun ◽  
Jakir Ahmed Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Basella Alba ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The effect of aqueous extract of Basella alba (puishak) leaves on blood cell count of rats was studied. Forty rats of both sexes weighing between 100-150 gm were used. The rats were divided into four groups (7 rats in each group), with group A as the control group and experimental groups were denoted as B, C and D. With all aseptic precautions, aqueous extract of Basella alba (Puishak) leaves was administered into the three different doses (For group B: 60 mg/kg bw, group C: 80 mg/kg bw and group D: 100 mg/kg bw). Control group A also received distilled water as a placebo at the dose of 10 mg/kg bw for 14 days. At day 15, blood samples were collected and sent for haematological analysis. Data analysis of blood count profile of 28 rats revealed that there is an increased number of RBC, WBC and platelet count in experimental groups than in control group. ANOVA test revealed that increased blood cell counts following administration of aqueous leaves extract of keeves of B. alba were statistically significant (p value for each case was .0001<.05) than control group. Paired samples t test was performed to compare between baseline hematological parameters and parameters after 14 days of intervention. Then comparison between Group A & Group B, between Group A & Group C and between Group A & Group D were done. In all cases, probability (p) value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.This it is clearly evident that aqueous extract of B.alba has positive stimulant effect on blood cells count of rats. Moreover, it was found that increment of doses also increases the cell count that is positively correlated with the hypothesis. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 73-78, 2019

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FERROUS SULFATE ON ENAMEL DEMINERALIZATION OF HUMAN DECIDUOUS TEETH: AN IN VITRO STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Johnny Holanda De Gauw ◽  
Lara Maria Melo Costa ◽  
Rodrigo Neves Silva ◽  
Natanael Barbosa Santos ◽  
Maria Dânia Holanda Tenorio
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ferrous sulfate (FS) on demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. Additionally, it was evaluated the penetration extent of FS and its remineralizing effect on the enamel of deciduous teeth using Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM). Method: The sample comprised 44 human deciduous teeth. The 44 crowns were divided randomly into four groups: group A (FS after demineralization), group B (FS without demineralization), group C (only demineralization), and group D (control group). FS at 0.45 mol/L-1 was used daily (15 days) and demineralization was done by pH cycling (7 days). Then, three longitudinal slices of the crowns were photographed using PLM. The degree of penetration of the lesion or stain was measured in micrometers, as well as the distance between the external enamel surface and the core of lesion. Results: Group A showed a dark stain on the outer surface of enamel larger than the group B. It is suggested, a remineralizing effect when comparing groups, A and C. The mean depth and standard deviation for groups A, B, and C were 4.27µm (±1.49), 3.72 µm (±1.68) and 5.00 µm (±1.84), respectively. No dark stains were observed in group D. Conclusion: FS stained the demineralized and non-demineralized human deciduous teeth. However, dark stains in the non-demineralized teeth were smaller or absent, than in the demineralized teeth. Therefore, FS may have a protective effect against demineralization.

The Effects of Moxibustion on Serum Interleukins and T Cell Subset in H.polyri Infected Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Jing Shen ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
Dong-Mei Shi ◽  
Yin-Shuai Feng ◽  
Yan-Ling Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group A ◽  
Histomorphological Changes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Objective: to observe the effects of moxibustion on histomorphological changes of gastric mucosa, as well as on serum IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α，Hp IgG、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+ in helicobacter pylori (Hp) infected rats, so that to better understand how the moxibustion repairs the Hp- induced gastric mucosal injury. Methods: 40 SD rats were randomly assigned to four groups: group A (blank control), group B (Hp infection model), group C (moxibustion plus model), group D (electro-acupuncture plus model), 10 for each group. The “NaHCO3 plus Indometacin and Hp intragastric administration” method was employed to make gastritis model. Acupoints selected for “repair” purpose were Zu San Li (ST36), Zhong Wan (CV12), Guan Yuan (RN4), Pi Shu (BL20), Wei Shu(BL21). The histomorphological changes of gastric mucosa in rats were observed under light microscope after HE stain; IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Hp IgG values were evaluated by ELISA method; values of CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+ were measured by flow cytometry method. Results: compared with group A, the values of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Hp IgG and CD8+ in group B were increased（P＜0.01）, whereas the values of CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+ were decreased（P＜0.01）. Compared with group B, the values of IL-8（P＜0.05）,TNF-α（P＜0.05）, IL-6（P＜0.01）, Hp IgG（P＜0.01） and CD8+ （P＜0.05） in group C were decreased, whereas the values of CD3+（P＜0.05）,CD4+（P＜0.05）,CD4+/CD8+ （P＜0.05） were increased, meanwhile such values in group D had no significant changes. Compared with group D, the values of IL-6（P＜0.05）,IL-8 （P＜0.05）and Hp IgG （P＜0.01）in group C were decreased, whereas CD4+/CD8+（P＜0.05）were increased, all those changes had statistical significance. Conclusion: the preventive and therapeutic effects of moxibustion on Hp related gastritis might be realized by two ways- to inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, or to regulate the production of immune factors (such as up-regulation of CD3+, CD4+ and down-regulation of CD8+).

scholarly journals Effect of Liposome Curcumin Combined with PDGF-BB on Tendon Healing in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang TL ◽  
◽  
Wu WJ ◽  
Gu JX ◽  
Hou XR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Control Group Group

Objective: To study the effect of liposomal curcumin combined with PDGFBB on tendon healing after tendon injury in rats and explore its mechanism. Methods Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into four groups: healthy control group (group A), liposomal curcumin group (group B), PDGF-BB group (group C) and combined application group (group D). The rats in each group were divided into groups according to the experimental group. At the 4th and 8th weeks after operation, the general morphology, histomorphology, biomechanics and other aspects of rat tendon were detected and statistically analyzed. Results: The degree of tendon adhesion in group B and D was significantly less than that in group A and C, and the difference was statistically significant. The biomechanical test showed that the tendons in group C and D had higher strength and could withstand greater stress than those in group A and B. Conclusion: Liposome curcumin combined with PDGF-BB can significantly reduce the degree of adhesion after tendon injury, increase the strength of tendon healing, and significantly promote tendon healing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document