Development Strategy of E-commerce of China's Rural Forestry Products Under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

This paper studies the e-commerce development strategy of China's rural forestry products under the Rural Revitalization Strategy. Combined with the characteristics and problems of forest product trade, this paper analyzes the impact of e-commerce on forest product trade. By analyzing and summarizing the practice of e-commerce of forest products in recent years, this paper further explores the e-commerce model of forest products. Based on the existing e-commerce model of forest products, this paper puts forward the countermeasures to promote the development of e-commerce of forest products. This paper puts forward solutions and suggestions for the problems faced by e-commerce of forest products in Anshan area. The research results of this paper provide a certain reference for government departments to develop e-commerce of forest products under the strategy of Rural Revitalization.

PROBLEMS OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF INNOVATIONS WITH A DELAYED EFFECT IN THE FOREST COMPLEX

The work is aimed at solving one of the most important fundamental and topical interdisciplinary scientific problems of the Russian Federation – the need for scientific substantiation of optimal options for the functioning of state policy in the field of use, protection, protection and reproduction of forests in the Russian Federation through economic mechanisms aimed at effective management of the forest sector of the economy and increasing gross domestic product in the forestry sector based on market demand for products. Hence, there is a special interest in the processes of the spatio-temporal dissemination of innovations for the country’s forestry complex, especially which are the guarantor and basis of intensive forestry, but due to the specifics of my reproduction, I have a deferred economic effect relative to similar innovative products obtained with the help of basic technologies. The paper provides an analytical review of the rate of diffusion of innovations in the sectors of the forestry complex based on the analysis of reliable and objective indicators, in accordance with which it was concluded that the rate of spread of innovative forestry products in time and space is extremely low. It has been established that one of the factors preventing the diffusion of innovative forestry products is the high cost of their creation and the uncertainty of the result obtained. It has been established that the high capital costs of creating an innovative product for commercial use must be compared with biological advantages: growth rate, resistance to diseases and pests, productivity.

FLEGT License in Indonesia-European Union Cooperation: Norm Life Cycle Analysis

Artikel ini membahas tentang FLEGT-VPA antara Indonesia dan Uni Eropa setelah mencapai implementasi penuh pada 2016. Kedua pihak menyimpulkan proses akhir dengan penyesuaian V-legal sebagai Lisensi FLEGT untuk produk- produk Kehutanan yang diekspor ke negara anggota Uni Eropa pada November 2016. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai bagaimana FLEGT License sebagai bagian dari norma internasional dapat digunakan dan diadopsi di Indonesia, meskipun Indonesia telah mengembangkan Sistem Jaminan Legalitas Kayu di bawah SVLK. Menggunakan metodologi content analysis, tulisan ini menelusuri proses adopsi norma dari 2007 hingga 2017. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi norma melalui penyesuaian V-legal sebagai Lisensi FLEGT dapat dipahami melalui tiga tahapan dari Norm Life Cycle. Lewat pendekatan ini, Uni Eropa mengambil peran sebagai Norm Entrepreneur dan menggunakan FLEGT Action Plan, khususnya skema FLEGT-VPA sebagai organizational platform untuk mempromosikan dan menyosialisasikan norma- norma FLEGT ke pelaku bisnis berbasis kehutanan di Indonesia.Kata-kata kunci: FLEGT License; FLEGT-VPA; Norm Life Cycle; SVLKThis paper discusses the FLEGT-VPA between Indonesia and the European Union after completing its full implementation in 2016. The two-party concluded the final process by adjusting V-legal as FLEGT License for Forestry products exported to European Union member states in November 2016. This paper raised a question regarding the process of how the FLEGT License, as a part of the international norm, can be utilized and adopted in Indonesia, given that Indonesia has already developed its Timber Legality Assurances System under SVLK. This paper employs the content analysis method to trace the process of norm adoption from 2007 to 2017. The result shows that the adaptation of norm through the adjustment of V-legal as FLEGT License reflected the three stages of the Norm Life Cycle. According to this approach, European Union is acting as Norm Entrepreneurs and using the FLEGT Action Plan, especially the scheme of FLEGT-VPA, as its organizational platforms to promote and socialize FLEGT norms to forestry-based businesses in Indonesia.Keywords: FLEGT License; FLEGT-VPA; Norm Life Cycle; SVLK

Features of capitalization in the forestry complex

Purpose – тo generalize methodical approaches to the interpretation of the category of capitalization in the forestry complex and to identify sources of funds that can provide an additional financial basis for the capitalization of forest resources. Research methodology. In the context of this work, the method of system analysis and synthesis was used, as well as a comparative method, which allowed to determine the optimal approach to the identified issues. Scientific novelty. The article summarizes the existing interpretations of the concept of capitalization, according to which the main methodological approaches to it are highlighted, in particular, as: the process of attracting and increasing the value of any assets (resources); the process of transformation of factors of production (assets, resources) into capital; performance of the entity. The article forms directions and relevant additional sources of funds for the use of forest resources, which can provide an additional financial basis for the capitalization of forest resources (assets). Conclusions. It is established that today it is impossible to assess forest assets as a source of environmental and social functions, as there is no methodology for calculating their value. It is noted that the only approach to the assessment of forest resources is only the actual cost of part of forestry products, including by- products and in-use use, hunting, harvesting of secondary forest materials and, accordingly, capitalization of only part of rent in real sales prices. period of restoration and formation of forest stands. Key words: capitalization, forestry complex, forestry assets, forest rent, sources of financing.

Analysis on Forestry Economic Growth Index Based on Internet Big Data

The development of economic forestry industry is an important support in the process of rural revitalization strategy and precise poverty alleviation, as well as enrichment of the people. As the market of economic forestry products is close to a perfectly competitive market, brand effect is crucial under homogeneous competition, and economic forestry product enterprises and other business entities need to win and maintain sustainable competitive advantages through brand management. Currently, in the field of economic forest, products such as Chinese wolfberry, jujube, blueberry, fungus, walnut, tephrosia, hazelnut, and chestnut and forest foods and product brands with certain market recognition have emerged, but for most small- and medium-sized economic forest product enterprises, forest product brand cultivation and construction are still in the initial stage. Under the rapid development of the Internet, different types of Internet platforms, which provide new tools and possibilities for branding, the way of corporate brand marketing, and customer management services, have also undergone significant changes. In the market with serious homogenization and increasingly fierce competition, how to establish brand-consumer connection through the Internet platform, strengthen the intensity of consumer participation and connection to the brand, give play to the brand effect, and enhance the brand value in the long term, so as to obtain a new way to win a sustainable competitive advantage, has become an important proposition for all kinds of enterprises, including economic forest product enterprises. Combining the competitive characteristics of economic forestry products and the development of the Internet, the model of brand value enhancement of economic forestry products based on virtual brand communities is constructed. The model takes the experience value obtained by consumers in the virtual brand community as the antecedent and studies the path relationship from experience value, community identity, brand fit, and consumer brand value creation to brand value in four dimensions, utilitarian experience value, emotional experience value, social experience value, and learning experience value, and takes community integration and community support feeling as the moderating variables.

Sustainable forest management as a basis for economic security

The paper discusses the prospects for the future of the economy and the possibility of its development within national projects. We focus our attention on the relevance of sustainable territory development and environmental protection. The trend of today is green economy and therefore, green energy and green technologies. Ensuring economic security is considered from the perspective of sustainability. The conclusions made are related to the increase of competitiveness by means of innovative development. Sustainable management of forest ecosystems suggests long-term forest preservation through direct and indirect financing of innovative activities. The directions of stable and sustainable economic development are highlighted, the implementation of the scientific research results and applied developments in the economic turnover being among the most promising ones. A method for constructing an integral index of sustainable forest management by using a group of indicators is proposed. 6 macro-indicators with corresponding micro-indicators reflecting the process of sustainable forest management were taken into account. Individual indicators are interpreted as concurrent ecological and economic, ecological and socio-economic, socio-ecological. It is important to form and evaluate the construction of an aggregated indicator. Attention is focused on the use of innovations that are competitive in the domestic and world markets of forestry products. The methods of innovation management are based on the creation of territorial-industrial forest clusters with the rational use of natural resource potential being taken into account.

The Invisible Grabbing Hand

Chapter 5 explores the translocal nature of agriculture and land use. Introducing a translocal ecology lens, it examines the hitherto largely unexplored linkages between land grabs, natural resource depletion, labour migration and translocal mobility, demonstrating how the socio-economic processes associated with translocal livelihoods engender changing patterns of land use that are key factors in state and corporate land acquisition. Moreover, as mass migration changes the nature of the rural economy, those excluded from or unable to access the modern sector are changing their use of non-farm resources in turn, leading to degradation of fish stocks and non-timber forestry products. Finally, the role of translocal livelihoods and economic processes in agri-business and mining will be explored, in order to highlight how large scale ecological changes disproportionately impact the translocal poor.

Analysis of radiouclide contamination of forestry products on the territory of Ukraine 2013–2019

The analysis of the results of radiological studies of food and feed conducted by the specialists of the state laboratories of the State Consumer Service for 2013–2019 is performed. The analyzed results show that in the territories assigned to the radiation contamination zones, samples with a radionuclide content exceeding the maximum admissible levels of 137Cs and 90Sr are constantly detected. Even 33 years after the Chernobyl accident, the specific activity of 137Cs in mushrooms and berries remains high. Specialists of the state laboratories of the State Consumer Service during this period carried out radiological examinations of food and feed for the contents of 137Cs and 90Sr. Exceedance of the maximum permissible levels (DR) of 137Cs was detected in 3.253 samples, of which 1.277 were fresh mushrooms and yagi and 729 were dried and dried mushrooms and berries. It is established that forest mushrooms and berries (fresh and dried) are the critical dose-forming foods, accounting for the largest proportion of about 62 % of the total positive samples. A much better situation was observed in detecting an excess of DR 90Sr. During the study period, contamination of 90Sr food and feed is of a single nature. The dynamics of detecting excesses of DR 137Cs in forest mushrooms and berries (fresh and dried) for 2013–2019 have significant fluctuations related to environmental conditions and the multidirectional migration of man-made radionuclides in forest ecosystems. The use, even in small quantities, of forest origin products with a maximum specific activity of 137Cs can play a significant role in the internal exposure of long-lived radionuclide to the local population. Therefore, the largest proportion of forest food products (62 %) is in the balance of radionuclide-contaminated products during the last seven years. (2013–2019) and other products and feeds are the basis for further radiological control by their state laboratories of the State Consumer Service.

Occurrence of thermophilic fungal communities and its growth rate on different media and temperatures from available natural substrates

Thermophilic fungi are the chief components of the microflora that develops in heaped masses of plant materials, piles of agricultural and forestry products and other accumulation of organic matter. In this investigation, survey was conducted and collected different compost samples from eight localities of Osmanabad district. Among these localities, Naldurg and Dhoki sites showed highest number of organic substrates, while least in Itkal. Physicochemial properties i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total organic matter, total carbon and moisture were analysed from available composts and among them nitrogen was highest in molasses. Isolation of fungi was made from substrates and among five substrates, vermicompost and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) were recorded for highest species richness and % incidence while less in molasses. Among isolated thermophilic fungi, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Rhizoctonia solani, A. fumigatus and Rhizopus sp. found abundant in all the substrates and temperature ranges. Fungal species A. niger, Mucor mucedo, A. flavus and Pythium sp. Highest growth on all three media viz. Potato dextrose agar (PDA), Czapek’s Dox Agar (CZA) and Martins Rose Bengal (MBR) were recorded. A. niger and Rhizopus sp. were found dominant in tested media and temperature. Generally, the fungi show very little growth at 65 °C. Every temperature gradient showed the growth incidence in all substrates but room temperature (RT) and 35 °C showed richness of fungal incidence. Even some species showed the growth on some substrates at higher temperate (65 °C) to some extent.