scholarly journals Imperatives for Pastoral Livelihood Sustainability in the Mara Ecosystem, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alice A. Oluoko-Odingo ◽  
Evaristus Makuyi Irandu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Global Partnership ◽  
Rainfall Patterns

The seventeen (17) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) form a firm foundation for livelihoods and ecologi-cal sustainability in biodiversity conservation. Of the 17 SDGs, five of them focus on promoting sustainable consumption and production patterns (SDG 12), promotion of actions at all levels to deal with climate change (SDG 13), protecting and restoring all terrestrial ecosystems to end biodiversity loss (SDG 15), achieving peaceful and inclusive societies, the rule of law, effective and capable institutions (SDG 16) and strengthening and enhancing the means of implementation and global partnership for sustainable development (SDG 17) form the bond within which other SDGs coalesce with the goal of attaining sustainability of planetary ecosystems. The Kenyan and Tanzanian constitutions also are aligned to the achievement of livelihood sustainability. The fragmentation of the Mau-Mara ecosystem and consequent loss of wildlife habitat, the occurrence of droughts due to fluctuating rainfall patterns, loss of woody vegetation, commercial agricultural land use, population growth, increase in human settlement, and associated poaching are some of the factors responsible for shrinking wildlife resources in the Mara. Climate change poses a serious challenge for the Mara due to its adverse effects on temperature and rainfall patterns. Several recommendations have been suggested in this paper regarding different ways of addressing these human-wildlife conflicts. They include growing wildlife as a cash crop with a bonus to the local community and collaboration with the private sector to enhance the free movement of livestock while also freeing space within wildlife corridors, among others. This paper attempts to examine how the Maasai pastoral livelihoods are changing and the strategies adopted to cope with climate change and competing land uses in the Mara ecosystem. Suggestions are also made on some practical solutions that could contribute to sustainable pastoral livelihood systems in the area if implemented. This paper relies on literature search and review of various research works carried out in the Mara-Serengeti to highlight key issues involving livelihoods’ sustainability in the Mara ecosystem. The research revealed the threat posed by climate change and underlined the need for adaptation ensure livelihood sustainability.  

Localizing indicators of Sustainable Development Goals : A model in the context of Indian Himalayan States for SDG 13 and 15.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 122-143
Author(s):  
Dr. Rajlakshmi Datta ◽  
Dr. Bharti Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
State Government ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Monitoring Mechanism ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Combat Climate Change

This paper argues the need and the mechanism to localize the  indicators of SDG[Sustainable Development Goals] for Indian Himalayan States  in the context of SDG Goal 13 and SDG Goal  15.Goal 13 of the SDG is to  take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts  while  Goal 15 of SDG aims to  protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss. These two goals out of the seventeen goals are directly related to environment, ecology and climate change. The Indian Himalayan Region[IHR] being the life sustaining  system of millions of people and vast species of flora and fauna in uplands and much more in lowland areas  due to its vast bio physical diversity also acts as a climate regulator for the continent. This paper first develops the context arguing why Goal 13 and 15 should be topmost priority  for the Indian   Himalayan  states. The paper then recommends some sequential suggestive steps  to develop a schema for monitoring the indicators suggested by UN, MoSPI, NITI Ayog. The  paper suggests that the same can be substantiated into actual monitoring mechanism by mapping the relevant  Centrally Sponsored Schemes( CSS),State Schemes ( SS) and EAP( Externally Aided Projects)in consonance with such indicators.  The paper thus proposes the need for localized implementation of schemes for achieving the Goals and thereafter relevant monitoring of the same considering the basic characteristic of Himalayan states. The paper also insists for the research and study needs to  identify the data gaps in each indicator proposed , by taking a case of  Uttarakhand  as a representative of Himalayan states of India  and presents a model on  how a Himalayan state should decentralize  the monitoring mechanism of each indicator  in different departments by following the model of the State of  Uttarakhand. The paper finally presents policy asks for achieving those time bound targets by substituting SDG with HDG[Himalayan Development Goal].Indicators of UN, MoSPI, NITI Ayog, DES of Uttarakhand and some other Indian Himalayan states and various state government  level  departments have been used to carry out the study.

Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development Goals 12–17

2021 ◽  
pp. 293-310
Author(s):  
Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Responsible Consumption ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Investment Agreements ◽  
Trade And Investment

Chapter 21 focuses on how trade and investment agreements may contribute to international efforts to achieve SDGs 12 to 17, which address responsible consumption and production patterns (SDG 12), combatting climate change (SDG 13), conservation and sustainable use of marine resources (SDG 14), and sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems (SDG 15). SDG 16, which calls for peace, justice and strong institutions for sustainable development, is also canvassed in its links to securing stability, effective governance and human rights. Finally, SDG 17, which calls on all countries to build partnerships towards achieving sustainable development, is discussed as the foundation of all the SDGs in the concluding note to this chapter, particularly given its explicit provisions on economic cooperation, trade, investment and finance.

scholarly journals Logging impact on Amazonian white-sand forests: perspectives from a sustainable development reserve

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-323
Author(s):  
Layon Oreste DEMARCHI ◽  
Veridiana Vizoni SCUDELLER ◽  
Livia Carvalho MOURA ◽  
Aline LOPES ◽  
Maria Teresa Fernandez PIEDADE
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Central Amazonia ◽  
Intensive Use

ABSTRACT Overexploitation is one of the main causes of biodiversity loss and local extinction. In the Brazilian Amazon, the intensive use of high-value timber species is leading to a decline in their populations. When in decline, these species can be replaced by less valuable and more common ones that are more feasible to exploit. We conducted interviews with residents of two communities in a sustainable development reserve in central Amazonia, and used free lists and the cognitive salience index (S) to assess the perceptions of residents regarding the occurrence and purpose of timber exploitation, and to identify possible endangered species in white-sand and terra-firme forests. In addition, to infer possible consequences of logging, we assessed the current population status of timber species cited by residents in forest-plot inventories carried out within the reserve. S-index values and interviewee reports suggested an intensive use of terra-firme timber species and an apparently recent increase in the exploitation of white-sand species, which did not use to be exploited because of their relatively low commercial value. The inventories showed that the white-sand timber species have high relative densities and low S values in contrast to the terra-firme species, which mostly have low relative densities and high S values. Our results highlight the need to identify and monitor relevant timber species in both terra-firme and white-sand forests, and to increase the involvement of the local community in the development of logging management practices.

scholarly journals Basin-centric approach to the sustainable development of agriculture in the context of climate change

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
S.E. Dehodiuk ◽  
Е.G. Degodiyk ◽  
Yu.P. Borko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Small River ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Nature Restoration

The aim is to develop conceptual principles of sustainable development of the agrosphere and reproduction of degraded riverbeds of small rivers under climate change. Methods. Methodology and methods of system approach, monitoring, statistical analysis, and synthesis of scientific data. Results. It has been determined the ecological condition in Ukraine and the world has been by the manifestations of degradation processes in terrestrial ecosystems and small river basins on the principle of causation. It has been suggested the conceptual bases of restoration of channels of small rivers and their basins by carrying out engineering, culture-technical works in channels and floodplains of small rivers, the organization of adaptive landscaping of the territory, and also carrying out agro-, chemo-, bio- and phyto-meliorations in their basins without disturbance the basis of erosion and giving impetus to self-renewal of natural fauna and flora. In the processes of nature restoration, the leading role of domestic science in the methodological and methodological support of projects has been identified, and importance is attached to the restoration of natural biodiversity and biologization in agricultural systems. We proposed to create a state mortgage land bank with a concentration in it of land fees of ecological funds with the involvement of domestic and foreign investment. It is recommended to test the idea in several model pools of soil-climatic zones with further replication in Ukraine and the spread of technology beyond its borders. Conclusions. А systematic approach is needed to carry out reclamation works in the basins of small rivers is to implement the basin approach. To implement the program, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine must adopt the Law of Ukraine “On Agriculture, Sustainable Development of the Biosphere and Ecological Nature Management”, the project of which was developed at the NSC “Institute of Agriculture of NAAS”. The NSC “Institute of Agriculture of NAAS” with appropriate financial and personnel support on a multifunctional basis can perform the functions of a methodological center for the development of methodology and techniques of land management and reclamation in the process of restoring small river basins.

scholarly journals Edible Insects and Sustainable Development Goals

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Roberta Moruzzo ◽  
Simone Mancini ◽  
Alessandra Guidi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Development Goals

The insect sector can become an important component of sustainable circular agriculture by closing nutrient and energy cycles, fostering food security, and minimising climate change and biodiversity loss, thereby contributing to SDGs. The high levels of the interaction of the insect sector with the SDGs is clearly illustrated inside the review, analysing all of the SDGs that can have direct and indirect effects on insects. Mapping the interactions between the SDGs goals and insect sector offers a starting point, from which it could be possible to define practical next steps for better insect policy.

scholarly journals Integration of Abandoned Lands in Sustainable Agriculture: The Case of Terraced Landscape Re-Cultivation in Mediterranean Island Conditions

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Michalia Sakellariou ◽  
Basil E. Psiloglou ◽  
Christos Giannakopoulos ◽  
Photini V. Mylona
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Rainfed Farming ◽  
Smart Agriculture

Agriculture terraces constitute a significant element of the Mediterranean landscape, enabling crop production on steep slopes while protecting land from desertification. Despite their ecological and historical value, terrace cultivation is threatened by climate change leading to abandonment and further marginalization of arable land imposing serious environmental and community hazards. Re-cultivation of terraced landscapes could be an alternative strategy to mitigate the climate change impacts in areas of high vulnerability encouraging a sustainable agroecosystem to ensure food security, rural development and restrain land desertification. The article presents the case study of abandoned terrace re-cultivation in the Aegean Island of Andros, using a climate smart agriculture system, which involves the establishment of an extensive meteorological network to monitor the local climate and hydrometeorological forecasting. Along with terrace site mapping and soil profiling the perfomance of cereal and legume crops was assessed in a low-input agriculture system. The implementation of a land stewardship (LS) plan was indispensable to overcome mainly land fragmentation issues and to transfer know-how. It was found that climate data are key drivers for crop cultivation and production in the island rainfed farming system. The study revealed that terrace soil quality could be improved through cultivation to support food safety and stall land degradation. In line with global studies this research suggest that cultivation of marginal terraced land is timely through a climate smart agriculture system as a holistic approach to improve land quality and serve as means to combat climate change impacts. The study also discusses land management and policy approaches to address the issue of agricultural land abandonment and the benefits gained through cultivation to the local community, economy and environment protection and sustainability.

scholarly journals Mindsponge culture: the culture of progress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Hoang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Creative Performance ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Organization Level ◽  
Thinking Processes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Business Sectors

The Mindsponge culture can be defined as a set of thinking processes, beliefs, and behaviors that is result- or target-driven. It is an entrepreneurship culture that urges me to overcome hardship with a transparent mind about my target. Adopting this culture is a tough process, but its fruitful results are worth the cost. Especially in the next decades, humanities have to acquire two crucial targets for sustainable development: curbing climate change and reducing biodiversity loss. To accomplish these targets, shifting the eco-deficit mindset to the eco-surplus mindset at the individual level and building eco-surplus culture at the organization level (e.g., business sectors) are required. Obtaining the Mindsponge culture can help us progress and actualize these objectives through creative performance.

United Nations: Redefining Goals

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
S. Bobylev ◽  
S. Solovyeva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Global Partnership ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Russian Federation

One of the main UN Summit 2015 outcomes is the adoption of global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) built on achievements of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to guide the path of sustainable development in the world after 2015. World leaders gathered at the United Nations to take responsibility for the implementation of 17 Sustainable Development Goals – a truly universal and transformative global development agenda. The article analyzes main common features and distinctions of SDGs and MDGs. It addresses priorities for the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development and primary SDG targets. The SDGs are intended to go beyond the MDGs and apply in general terms to all countries, including developed states, emerging economies and developing countries. At the same time, examining the main achievements of MDGs on national and international levels, the authors stress their importance. SDGs provide a framework for every country to create focused and effective implementation strategies and plans within its own domestic context. The article demonstrates the importance for Russian Federation under its UN obligations to elaborate two documents: Sustainable Development Strategy of the Russian Federation and the 2030 SDGs adapted to national priorities. The authors develop main principles of SDGs adaptation to national priorities, conditionally dividing them into two groups: "internal" (combating poverty, education, health, sustainable production and consumption) – Russia has to realize them drawing on its own potential, and "external" (combating climate change, enhancing a global partnership for sustainable development) – Russia can play an important role in the world coordinating with other countries. The article, while demonstrating the importance of climate change issues for Russia after weather and climatic anomalies caused huge social, economic and ecological damages, discusses possible economic tools, such as carbon taxes, introducing the price of carbon, Stock Exchange for carbon trading. The article investigates two large components of global partnership support in international policy of the Russian Federation: financing the assistance to the international development, and forgiveness of considerable debts to developing countries. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the Russian Scientific Foundation Project No. 15-17-30009.

The Global Challenge and Re-Evaluation of Ecological Tourism in Line With Sustainable Development Goals

2022 ◽  
pp. 1102-1121
Author(s):  
Gul Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Ecological Tourism

In the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by the UN General Assembly on 5 September 2015, 17 targets were set in line with the Sustainable Development Targets. In this study, the Sustainable Development Goal 15 (SDG15)—protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss—is discussed within the framework of the tourism sector. The study aims to propose a sustainable tourism vision and policy in line with the SDG 15. The study suggests the development of ecological tourism, which is a sustainable tourism vision, in line with SDGs.

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