scholarly journals Please, just take two more bites! How to monitor nutrition and encourage self-feeding in rehabilitation animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Raina Domek
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Strong Focus

One of the most important parts of rehabilitation is nutritional support and monitoring of patients during healing and growing. This paper discusses how to assemble and present diets to promote self-feeding in animals of all types, with a strong focus on birds. This paper also discusses how to monitor the nutritional status of patients, how to respond to nutritional issues and when to intervene with anorectic animals.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Nutritional Support Before and After Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Cancer and Chronic Pancreatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Th. Karagianni ◽  
Apostolos E. Papalois ◽  
John K. Triantafillidis
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Before And After

New coronavirus infection COVID-19: how do we feed the sick?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.Н. Пасечник ◽  
А.А. Щучко ◽  
В.В. Сазонов ◽  
Т.Б. Иванова
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
European Society ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Clinical Nutrition ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Uk

Повышение качества оказания помощи больным новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19 возможно только на основе мультидисциплинарного подхода. Оценка пищевого статуса и при необходимости его коррекция являются важной составляющей комплексных программ лечения и реабилитации таких больных. Значительное число пациентов с COVID-19 составляют люди пожилого и старческого возраста, у которых уже есть признаки нутритивной недостаточности. Нарушения питания и сопутствующая им саркопения – факторы риска неблагоприятного течения COVID-19. Прогрессирование саркопении при COVID-19 объясняют возникновением вирусного миозита, миопатией, спровоцированной цитокинами, и иммобилизацией. Уменьшение мышечной массы ассоциировано с плохим прогнозом заболевания и снижением качества жизни. Коррекция нарушений пищевого статуса больных COVID-19 должна проводиться на всех этапах лечения. Важность проблемы нутритивной поддержки отражена во множестве публикаций, посвященных лечению больных COVID-19. Необходимо заметить, что Европейское общество клинического питания и метаболизма (European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, ESPEN) в кратчайшие сроки выпустило рекомендации по нутритивной поддержке больных новой коронавирусной инфекцией, что лишний раз подчеркивает актуальность проблемы. Это стало логичным продолжением рекомендаций по коррекции пищевого статуса больных, находящихся на лечении в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии. Аналогичные клинические рекомендации были разработаны в Великобритании, Бразилии и целом ряде других стран. Использование препаратов для перорального дополнительного питания в большинстве случаев позволяет обеспечить потребности пациентов в необходимых нутриентах, уменьшить выраженность саркопении и повысить эффективность реабилитационных мероприятий. Improving the quality of care for patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is possible only on the basis of a multidisciplinary approach. Evaluation of nutritional status and, if necessary, its correction are an important component of comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation programs for such patients. A significant number of patients with COVID-19 are elderly and senile people who already have signs of nutritional deficiency. Eating disorders and accompanying sarcopenia are risk factors for the adverse course of COVID-19. The progression of sarcopenia in COVID-19 is explained by the occurrence of viral myositis, myopathy provoked by cytokines, and immobilization. Decreased muscle mass is associated with poor disease prognosis and reduced quality of life. Correction of nutritional disorders in patients with COVID-19 should be carried out at all stages of treatment. The importance of the problem of nutritional support is reflected in many publications devoted to the treatment of patients with COVID-19. It should be noted that the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) promptly issued recommendations on nutritional support for patients with new coronavirus infection, which once again emphasizes the urgency of the problem. This was a logical continuation of the recommendations for correcting the nutritional status of patients undergoing treatment in the intensive care unit. Similar clinical guidelines have been developed in the UK, Brazil and a number of other countries. The use of drugs for oral supplementary nutrition in most cases allows to meet the needs of patients for the necessary nutrients, to reduce the severity of sarcopenia and to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures.

Enteral nutritional support in patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (35) ◽  
pp. 2949-2957
Author(s):  
Bei Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Jiang ◽  
Dalong Tian ◽  
Wei Geng
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Selection Of

Esophageal cancer patients are at a high risk of malnutrition. Both the disease itself and chemoradiotherapy will lead to the deterioration of nutritional status. The development of nutritional oncology promotes the application of enteral nutrition in tumor patients. Through nutritional support, prognosis is improved and the incidence of adverse chemoradiotherapy reactions is reduced, especially in those with head and neck or esophageal cancer. This review summarizes enteral nutritional support in esophageal cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy in recent years, including a selection of nutritional assessment tools, the causes and consequences of malnutrition in esophageal cancer patients, types of access and effects of enteral nutrition. More patients with esophageal cancer will benefit from the development of enteral nutrition technology in the future.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Efficiency of Nutritional Support Teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reber ◽  
Strahm ◽  
Bally ◽  
Schuetz ◽  
Stanga
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Nutritional Care ◽  
Support Teams

Malnutrition is frequent in patients during a hospital admission and may further worsen during the hospital stay without appropriate nutritional support. Malnutrition causes greater complication rates, morbidity, and mortality rates, which increases the length of hospital stay and prolongs rehabilitation. Early recognition of individual nutritional risk and timely initiation of a tailored nutritional therapy are crucial. Recent evidence from large-scale trials suggests that efficient nutritional management not only improves the nutritional status, but also prevents negative clinical outcomes and increases patients’ quality of life. Multifaceted clinical knowledge is required to ensure optimal nutritional support, according to a patient’s individual situation and to avoid potential complications. Furthermore, clear definition of responsibilities and structuring of patient, and work processes are indispensable. Interdisciplinary and multiprofessional nutritional support teams have been built up to ensure and improve the quality and safety of nutritional treatments. These teams continuously check and optimize the quality of procedures in the core areas of nutritional management by implementing nutritional screening processes using a validated tool, nutritional status assessment, an adequate nutritional care plan development, prompt and targeted nutritional treatment delivery, and provision of accurate monitoring to oversee all aspects of care, from catering to artificial nutrition. The foundation of any nutritional care plan is the identification of patients at risk. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview about composition, tasks, and challenges of nutritional support teams, and to discuss the current evidence regarding their efficiency and efficacy in terms of clinical outcome and cost effectiveness.

Nutritional Status Deteriorates Postoperatively Despite Preoperative Nutritional Support

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Grass ◽  
Michael Benoit ◽  
Pauline Coti Bertrand ◽  
Josep Sola ◽  
Markus Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Index Hospitalization ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Background/Aims: The aim of the current study was to assess the postoperative evolution of nutritional status and to relate it with postoperative outcomes. Methods: Demographic, surgical and nutritional parameters were assessed 10 days preoperatively (d-10) and 30 days postoperatively (d30) in 146 patients. Risk factors responsible for perioperative (>5% between d-10 and d30) weight loss were identified. Overall, severe (Clavien 3-5) and infectious complications were compared in patients with and without perioperative weight loss (>5%). Results: Nutritional status worsened beyond the postoperative period as reflected by decreasing weight (67 ± 13 kg at d-10 vs. 63 ± 13 kg at d30, p < 0.001), body mass index (23.4 ± 4 vs. 22.2 ± 4 kg/m2, p < 0.001) and mid upper-arm muscle circumference (MAMC, 241 ± 32 vs. 232 ± 30 mm, p < 0.001). Fifty-two patients (46%) lost >5% of their body weight between d-10 and d30. Patients who presented overall (63 vs. 36%, p = 0.004) and major (27 vs. 10%, p = 0.016) postoperative complications were at significantly higher risk to deteriorate postoperative nutritional status. Multivariate analysis identified low preoperative lean body mass (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.2-8.9, p = 0.023) and low preoperative MAMC (OR 2.5; 95% CI 0.9-6.8, p = 0.066) as independent risk factors for perioperative weight loss. Conclusions: These data suggest continuing nutritional follow-up after the index hospitalization.

General Metabolism in Patients with Acute Paraplegia and Quadriplegia

Neurosurgery ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard H. Kaufman ◽  
Brian J. Rowlands ◽  
Debra K. Stein ◽  
Dennis R. Kopaniky ◽  
Philip L. Gildenberg
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
General Metabolism ◽  
Acute Paraplegia ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
Infective Complications

Abstract This study measured the nutritional status of eight spine-injured patients during their first 10 to 14 days in the hospital. Initial and follow-up nutritional assessment showed that their nutritional status deteriorated at least partly due to an inadequate supply of protein and calories. Infective complications and prolonged respiratory support were common and may have been caused in part by impaired nutrition. This suggests that a prospective study of aggressive nutritional support for patients with spinal cord transection should be initiated to determine whether this acquired malnutrition and its associated complications can be prevented.

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