Hukuman Mati Dalam Lingkaran Kontroversi Etis Kristen

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Melyarmes H. Kuanine
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
Ethical Attitude ◽  
Criminal Offender ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Ethical Controversy

In the implementation of the death sentence is not a sentence given as a criminal offender sentenced to life imprisonment. However, the death penalty is the loss of a person's life due to an error proven guilty based on a court decision (jurisprudence). This right to life maps the death penalty as an ethical issue. The most noble right in life as a gift from God, the applicable legal regulations also place human life in a valuable position both in their roles and positions as well as in their social responsibilities or legal responsibilities and also regarding their rights and obligations. From this impact arose the pros and cons of both secular people and in Christianity itself. The researcher determines a qualitative descriptive method for studying, collecting and compiling data through literature studies that relate to the paradigm of the death penalty in a circle of Christian ethical controversy. Therefore, this article will describe the elements of power, love, truth and justice as the government's duty in showing its identity to enforce the execution of the death penalty and will explain the Christian ethical attitude and perspective of the Christian community towards the execution of the death penalty. Abstrak Dalam pelaksanaan hukuman mati bukanlah hukuman yang diberikan sebagai pelaku kejahatan dihukum dengan penjara seumur hidup. Namun hukuman mati merupakan penghilangan nyawa seseorang akibat kesalahan yang terbukti bersalah berdasarkan keputusan pengadilan (jurisprudensi). Hak hidup inilah memetakan hukuman mati sebagai persoalan etis. Hak tersebut paling mulia dalam kehidupan sebagai pemberian Tuhan, peraturan hukum yang berlaku juga menempatkan hidup manusia pada posisi yang berharga baik dalam peran dan posisi maupun dalam tanggung jawab sosial atau tanggng jawab hukumnya dan juga menyangkut hak maupun kewajiban-kewajibannya. Dari dampak ini pun timbul pro dan kontra baik orang sekuler maupun dalam kekristenan sendiri. Peneliti menentukan metode deskriptif kualitatif untuk mempelajari, mengumpulkan dan menyusun data melalui studi pustaka yang berhubungan dengan paradigma hukuman mati dalam lingkaran kontroversi etika Kristen. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini akan menguraikan unsur-unsur kekuasaan, kasih, kebenaran dan keadilan sebagai tugas pemerintah dalam memperlihatkan jatidirinya untuk menegakkan pelaksanaan hukuman mati dan akan menjelaskan sikap etis Kristen dan perpektif masyarakat Kristen terhadap pelaksanaan hukuman mati.

Telaah Terhadap Pro dan Kontra Hukuman Mati di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Pidana Islam

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-226
Author(s):  
Risalan Basri Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Death Sentences ◽  
Pros And Cons

Capital punishment is still carried out in many countries, including Indonesia. Considering that the death penalty involves human life, there are many pros and cons in the community. Each opinion group has put forward its statement according to the perspective they propose so that it becomes a prolonged legal polemic. however, the Indonesian government together with a number of elements of society that support the death penalty remain at the establishment, that capital punishment must still be carried out to protect life. This paper attempts to inform some of the death sentences that have been carried out for various specific crimes. This paper attempts to analyze how far the cases of execution can be justified according to Islamic criminal law. The results of this paper indicate that some of these crimes can indeed be subject to capital punishment, some still contain controversy, but some are actually released from the death penalty because the victim's family in the murder case has forgiven.

scholarly journals (De)Legitimasi Hukuman Pidana Mati: Sebuah Pertimbangan Etis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Sonny Eli Zaluchu ◽  
Eirene Kardiani Gulo
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Right

The death penalty is always in controversy. Ethical considerations in terms of ethics, principle, and criminality always produce two strong opinions, which are the pros and cons. The two opposing views have strong arguments and considerations concerning the maximum punishment for particular crimes. Countries in the world divided into two acts. Some chose the moratorium option, but there were also those who continued to defend it. This article describes that there are indeed substantive difficulties in an attempt to legitimize or delegitimize the death penalty. These difficulties are presented and analyzed in this paper by using theological approaches, especially in a legal perspective, the right to human life and biblical orders not to kill. The descriptive analysis was carried out by utilizing a literature review and research results.AbstrakHukuman mati selalu di dalam kontroversi. Pertimbangan moral dalam hal etika, azasi dan pidana selalu menghasilkan dua kubu pendapat yang sama-sama kuat yakni yang pro dan kontra. Kedua pandangan yang saling bertolak belakang tersebut memiliki argumentasi dan pertimbangan yang kuat menyangkut hukuman maksimal terhadap kejahatan istimewa. Negara-negara di dunia terbagi dua. Ada yang memilih opsi moratorium tetapi ada juga yang terus mempertahankannya. Artikel ini memaparkan secara deskriptif bahwa memang terdapat kesulitan-kesulitan substantif dalam setiap usaha legitimasi dan atau delegitimasi terhadap hukuman mati. Kesulitan-kesulitan tersebut dipaparkan dan dianalisis di dalam paper ini dengan menggunakan pendekatan teologis khususnya dalam persepektif hukum, hak hidup manusia dan perintah Alkitab untuk jangan membunuh. Analisis dilakukan secara dengan memanfaatkan tinjauan literatur dan hasil-hasil penelitian.

Life and Death

2016 ◽  
pp. 422-442
Author(s):  
Jana Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Artificial Reproduction ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Salvation History ◽  
The Creation

This chapter places Catholic teaching on questions of life and death against the background of a Catholic vision of salvation history, emphasizing that Catholics see no necessary opposition between Christian faith and progress in scientific understanding of the creation. The chapter then considers questions concerning abortion, contraception, and techniques for artificial reproduction. The second half of the chapter focuses on questions concerning death. Catholic teaching views human life in this world as finite, and thus sees death as intrinsic to the current human condition. After considering Catholic teaching on euthanasia, the chapter considers Catholic discussion of war, the death penalty, and care for the environment.

The Use of the Death Penalty

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C. Reckless
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Dramatic Reduction ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Discernible Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Trend

Undoubtedly the most important trend in capital punishment has been the dramatic reduction in the number of offenses statutorily punishable by the death penalty. About two hundred years ago England had over two hundred offenses calling for the death penalty; it now has four. Some countries have abolished capital punishment completely; a few retain it for unusual offenses only. The trend throughout the world, even in the great number of countries that retain the death penalty, is definitely toward a de facto, not a de jure, form of abolition. In the United States, where the death penalty is possible in three-fourths of the states, the number of executions has declined from 199 in 1935 to an average of less than three in the last four years. This change is related to public sentiment against the use of the death penalty and even more directly to the unwillingness of juries and courts to impose a first-degree sentence. The increasing willingness of governors to commute a death sentence and of courts to hear appeals also contributes to this decline. A review of the evidence indicates that use of the death penalty has no discernible effect on the commission of capital offenses (especially murder).

scholarly journals Social Loss Corruption Cases in Indonesia: How Should the Corruptors Punished?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Suci Nabila
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Social Loss ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Way

Corruption is a serious problem that occurs in a country including Indonesia. Corruption is a problem that has a very big impact on the country and causes a lot of losses that its handling has not been taken seriously. This crime is very difficult to eradicate, because it is usually carried out in a systematic way and involves the authorities or people who hold economic and political power. In various countries the way to punish perpetrators of corruption is very diverse. In Indonesia alone the punishment used is a sentence of imprisonment. But the sentence of confinement in Indonesia is considered to have a deterrent effect. It is appropriate for a corruptor to be given severe sanctions and give a deterrent effect, one of which is a death sentence. But in Indonesia there are pros and cons regarding this death sentence.

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN DAN URGENSI HUKUMAN MATI TERHADAP PENANGGULANGAN PENGEDARAN NARKOTIKA DI INDONESIA DAN SEJUMLAH NEGARA DI DUNIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Zainul Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Young People ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Legal Study ◽  
Life Sentence ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

Kedudukan hukuman mati terhadap pengedaran narkotika di Indonesia  sebagai strategi penanggulangan terhadap pengedaran narkotika  masih menimbulkan pihak yang menyetujui dan menolaknya. Pihak yang  menolak hukuman mati dikenakan pada pengedar nakotika dengan alasan hak asasi manusia atau hak keberlanjutan hidup terpidana, sedangkan ada kelompok yang menyetujui pelaksanaan hukuman mati yang juga dengan alasan demi kepentingan hak asasi manusia. Pihak yang menyetujui hukuman untuk pengedar ini menilai, bahwa sanksi yang dikenakan berupa hukuman mati dapat membuat jera atau takut calon-calon pelaku yang bermaksud mengedarkan narkotika atau hak hidup banyak generasi muda ikut diselamatkan menjadi korban kecanduan narkotika akibat ketakutan di kalangan calon-calon penjahat. hukuman mati bagi pengedar narkotika dalam kajian hukum positip sudah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor. 35 tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika.Kata kunci: narkotika, hukuman, akibat, kedudukan, urgensi The death penalty for narcotics distribution in Indonesia as a counter strategy against narcotics distribution still raises those who approve and reject it. Parties that reject the death penalty are imposed on narcotics distributors on the grounds of human rights or the right to a life sentence, while there are groups that approve the execution of the death sentence as well as for the sake of human rights. The party who approved the sentence for the distributor ruled that sanctions imposed on the death penalty could scare or intimidate potential perpetrators who intend to distribute narcotics or livelihoods for many young people to be rescued as victims of narcotics addiction due to fear among potential criminals. the death penalty for narcotics traffickers in a positive legal study is set out in the Law of Numbers. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics. Keywords: narcotics, punishment, consequences, position, urgency

Race and the Death Penalty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Vito
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
The United States ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
White Female ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Wrongful Convictions ◽  
Black Defendants ◽  
Black Defendant ◽  
Modern Era

The relation of race and the death penalty has been a consistent issue in the United States in what is known as the “modern era” of capital punishment. The modern era is defined as being from 1972 to the present, following the Furman v. Georgia decision. Supreme Court cases examining race and the death penalty have considered the application of the death penalty. Issues and concerns have been brought up about whether using statistical evidence is appropriate to determine racial bias that can be used in court cases, the role of a mandatory death penalty, and concern over striking jurors from the jury pool due to race. A wealth of empirical evidence has been done in different areas of the country and has shown some evidence of bias or disparities based on various statistical analyses. One of the more common issues found is issues regarding the race of the defendant (i.e., Black defendant or Black male defendant), the race of the victim (i.e., White victim or White female victim), or interracial dyad (i.e., Black defendant and White victim) that impacts whether the death penalty is sought or imposed. Another concern is wrongful convictions and exonerations. The criminal justice system is not infallible, and this is no more so apparent when deciding to give a death sentence. Prior research has shown that Black defendants are more likely to be involved in cases later found to be wrongful convictions or exonerations. Due to the issue regarding race and the death penalty, two states Kentucky and North Carolina, have created Racial Justice Acts. The creation of these two acts is a good sign of efforts to deal with race and the death penalty. However, how its use and when shows that there is much more work is needed.

Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) Pesantren Dan Pendidikan Keagamaan Dalam Perspektif Kristen (P. 69 dan P. 70)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Raindy D. D. Prajitno
Keyword(s):  
Christian Education ◽  
Local Church ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sunday School ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Church Development ◽  
Christian Perspective ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Lately the phenomenon on religious issues is increasingly tapering. Starting from religious radicalism, pagan stigma to efforts to discredit the Christian faith. One of the issues arising in the year 2019 is about the draft law of Pesantren specifically chapters 69 and 70 governing the Catechization and Sunday School are classified as non-Formal Christian education. This is certainly making unrest in the Christian Kalang specifically the organization of the national level Church that is the fellowship of the Churches in Indonesia (PGI). That is why, the purpose of this research is to enact a Christian perspective on the draft law of Pesantren article 69 and 70. The method used by researchers is a qualitative descriptive or also called Neuroresearch method. This method is a study on the phenomenon of various areas of human life that is measured from the theological context of the exegesis of the biblical text as the Biblical foundation. Results and discussions presented that the Catechisation and Sunday School were part of a church citizen's coaching program that differed from non-Formal Christian education. That is why, the Ministry of Christianity as a representative of Christian society in Indonesia should provide insight and understanding of the local church development program to the central government. Thus, the local church must re-define the term of the church program different from non-Formal Christian education to the central government, the local church should be concerned and evaluating the Ministry of Children and local church can learn about Solidarity for fellow local Church of the synod. Abstrak Akhir-akhir ini fenomena tentang isu agama semakin meruncing. Dimulai dari radikalisme agama, stigma kafir hingga usaha-usaha untuk mendiskreditkan iman Kristen. Salah satu isu yang timbul di tahun 2019 ialah tentang Rancangan Undang-Undang Pesantren secara khusus pasal 69 dan 70 yang mengatur tentang Katekisasi dan Sekolah Minggu diklasifikasikan sebagai Pendidikan Kristen non Formal. Hal ini tentunya membuat keresahan di kalang orang Kristen secara khusus Organisasi Gereja Aras Nasional yaitu Persekutuan Gereja-Gereja di Indonesia (PGI). Itu sebabnya, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menelisik perspektif Kristen tentang Rancangan Undang-Undang Pesantren Pasal 69 dan 70 tersebut. Metode yang digunakan peneliti ialah kualitatif deskriptif atau yang disebut juga dengan metode neuroresearch. Metode ini merupakan studi tentang fenomena berbagai bidang kehidupan manusia yang diukur dari konstruk teologis hasil kajian eksegesis teks Alkitab sebagai dasar biblika. Hasil dan pembahasan memaparkan bahwa Katekisasi dan Sekolah Minggu merupakan bagian dari program Pembinaan Warga Gereja yang berbeda dengan Pendidikan Agama Kristen non Formal. Itu sebabnya, Kementerian Agama Kristen sebagai wakil masyarakat Kristiani di Indonesia seharusnya memberikan wawasan dan pengertian tentang program Pembinaan Warga Gereja Lokal kepada Pemerintah Pusat. Jadi, Gereja Lokal harus kembali memahamkan istilah program Gereja yang berbeda dengan Pendidikan Agama Kristen non Formal kepada pemerintah pusat, Gereja Lokal seyogyanya memperhatikan dan mengevaluasi pelayanan Anak dan Gereja Lokal dapat belajar tentang solidaritas bagi sesama Gereja Lokal yang berbeda Sinode.

Interroga virtutes naturales: Nature in Giles of Rome’s On Ecclesiastical Power

Vivarium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 22-50
Author(s):  
Peter Adamson
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Marsilius Of Padua

AbstractGiles of Rome’s On Ecclesiastical Power (De ecclesiastica potestate), a polemical work arguing for the political supremacy of the pope, claims that the papacy holds a ‘plenitude of power’ and has direct or indirect authority over all aspects of human life. This paper shows how Giles uses themes from natural philosophy in developing his argument. He compares cosmic and human ordering and draws an analogy between the relations of soul to body and of Church to state. He also understands the pope’s power to be ‘universal’ in nature, another idea taken from Aristotelian physics. Further, Giles views the pope’s right to intervene arbitrarily in the affairs of the Christian community as mirroring God’s ability to work miracles. We thus see that Giles, no less than intellectuals on the other side of this debate such as Dante and Marsilius of Padua, believed that Aristotelian natural philosophy could be enlisted in the service of political thought.

9. The death penalty

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Clapham
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
World Today ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
The World ◽  
Procedural Safeguards ◽  
Rights Issue ◽  
Over Time

Attitudes with regard to what constitutes a human rights issue change over time. Is the death penalty a human rights issue? If we believe that torture and inhuman punishment is absolutely prohibited, then the ultimate irrevocable punishment of execution should also be prohibited at least as a form of inhuman punishment. ‘The death penalty’ considers how the human rights treaties that allow for the death penalty have been interpreted to include procedural safeguards, limits on which crimes may be punished with a death sentence, who may be executed, and prohibitions on certain forms of execution where the death penalty is still used around the world today.

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