scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E ESTRUTURAL DE UM FRAGMENTO DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA, EM CURITIBA, PR – BRASIL

FLORESTA ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Marques Rondon Neto ◽  
Carina Kozera ◽  
Regina do Rocio De Andrade ◽  
Adriana Trippia Cecy ◽  
Ana Paula Hummes ◽  
...  

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a composição florística e a estrutura dos indivíduos arbóreos com DAP ³ 5cm presentes em um fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (Floresta com Araucária), denominado “Capão do Tigre”, situado em Curitiba - PR. Em dezoito parcelas de 10 x 20m foram inventariados 710 indivíduos, distribuídos em 77 espécies, pertencentes a 36 famílias e 55 gêneros. O valor do índice de diversidade Shannon para as espécies foi de 3,437. A densidade total estimada foi de 1.972 indivíduos/ha e os valores médios de DAP e altura encontrados foram 11,6 cm e 8,2 m, respectivamente. De acordo com o parâmetro valor de importância ampliado, as espécies mais importantes foram Casearia sylvestris, Allophylus edulis, Luehea divaricata, Araucaria angustifolia, Cupania vernalis, Ocotea corymbosa, Ocotea nutans, Jacaranda puberula, Mollinedia clavigera e Solanum sanctae-catharinae. FLORISTIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A FRAGMENT OF MIXED OMBROPHYLOUS FOREST IN CURITIBA, PR - BRAZIL Abstract The aim of this paper was to know the floristic composition and the structureof a Mixed Ombrophylous Forest fragment (Araucaria Forest), named “Capão do Tigre”, situated in Curitiba - PR. It was inventoried 710 trees individuous in eighteen 10 x 20 m plots with DBH ³ 5cm, distributed in 77 species from 55 gender and 36 families. The Shannon diversity index value was 3,437 for the species. The total density found was 1.972 individuous/ha, and the medium DBH and height was 11,6 cm and 8,2 m, respectively. Acording to the parameters of Amplieted Importance Value, the most important species are: Casearia sylvestris, Allophylus edulis, Luehea divaricata, Araucaria angustifolia, Cupania vernalis, Ocotea corymbosa, Ocotea nutans, Jacaranda puberula, Mollinedia clavigera e Solanum sanctae-catharinae.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josélia Rozanny Vieira Pacheco ◽  
Felipe Fajardo Villela Antolin Barberena

Vascular epiphytes are one of the most important forest components, contributing to microclimatic maintenance. These plants find ideal conditions for development in the Amazon due to the spatial heterogeneity and high temperature and humidity typical of this biome. In recent years, the Brazilian Amazon has undergone dramatic changes in its landscape, mainly due to the increase in deforestation and fire rates. We present here the floristic composition and analyze the community structure of epiphytic angiosperms of an urban forest fragment in Eastern Amazon. A total of 71 epiphytic individuals were recorded belonging to eight species and four families. Orchidaceae was the most representative family, corroborating the pattern for surveys of epiphytic diversity in the Neotropical region. Epiphytic species were found on 24 individuals of 10 tree species. The epiphytic importance value (IVe) was low for all species, except for Aechmea tocantina and Rhipsalis baccifera. Cactaceae was the family with the highest IVe. Most epiphytes were found in the crown of trees (83.1%). The diversity index of the fragment was H’ = 1.80 and the equity index was J= 0.87, reflecting the absence of highly dominant species. Conservation of urban forest fragments is necessary for the maintenance of epiphytic flora and ecosystem services.


FLORESTA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel R.B. Negrelle ◽  
Ramoci Leuchtenberger

São apresentados dados de levantamento florístico-estrutural realizado em remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (Mata da Fortaleza) no Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, Ponta Grossa - PR (23° 3’ S, 50° 15’ W). Na aplicação do método de quadrantes (75 pontos) foram registrados 300 indivíduos arbóreos (DAP > 15 cm), sendo 11 arvores mortas em pé. Dentre os indivíduos vivos, catalogaram-se 67 morfo-espécies sendo 37 identificadas em nível de espécie, 15 em nível de gênero, 7 em nível de família e 8 não puderam ser identificadas. Para estes indivíduos detectou-se um valor de diversidade H’=3,538 (var. = 0,00413), densidade total de 658 árvores/hectares e área basal total de 32,97 m2. Cerca de 59 % dos indivíduos amostrados foram classificados como macrofanerófitos e 41% como mesofanerófitos, não ocorrendo registro de nanofanerófitos. As espécies de maiores valores estruturais foram Ocotea odorifera (VI=40,19), Araucaria angustifolia (VI= 30,39), Ocotea acutifolia (VI=19,0) e Luehea divaricata (VI=18,44). Floristic composition and structure of an Araucarian forest remnant Abstract Data from a floristic and structural survey in an araucarian forest remnant (called Mata da Fortaleza) in the Vila Velha State Park (Ponta Grossa - PR - 23° 3’ S, 50° 15’ W) are presented. With the application of the point-centered quarter method (75 sampling points), 300 trees (dbh > 15cm) were sampled, including 11 dead trees. Within the alive individuals, 67 morpho-species were detected, 37 identified at a species level, 15 at a generic level, 07 at a family level and 8 were not identified. For the alive component the diversity was H’=3.538 (var. = 0.00413), total density was 658 trees/hectare and the total basal area was 32.97 m2. Almost 59 % of all sampled individuals was classified as macrofanerophyte and 41% as mesofanerophyte, with no register of nanofanerophytes. The species with the greatest importance value were: Ocotea odorifera (40,19), Araucaria angustifolia (30,39), Ocotea acutifolia (19,0) and Luehea divaricata (18,44).


2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrado Battisti ◽  
Marco Giardini ◽  
Francesca Marini ◽  
Lorena Di Rocco ◽  
Giuseppe Dodaro ◽  
...  

We reported a study on breeding birds occurring inside an 80 m-deep karst sinkhole, with the characterization of the assemblages recorded along its semi-vertical slopes from the upper edge until the bottom. The internal sides of the sinkhole have been vertically subdivided in four belts about 20 m high. The highest belt (at the upper edge of the cenote) showed the highest values in mean number of bird detections, mean and normalized species richness, and Shannon diversity index. The averaged values of number of detections and species richness significantly differ among belts. Species turnover (Cody’s β-diversity) was maximum between the highest belts. Whittaker plots showed a marked difference among assemblages shaping from broken-stick model to geometric series, and explicited a spatial progressive stress with a disruption in evenness towards the deepest belts. Bird assemblages evidenced a nested subset structure with deeper belts containing successive subsets of the species occurring in the upper belts. We hypothesize that, at least during the daytime in breeding season, the observed non-random distribution of species along the vertical stratification is likely due to (i) the progressive simplification both of the floristic composition and vegetation structure, and (ii) the paucity of sunlight as resources from the upper edge to the inner side of the cenote.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Gazi Mosharof Hossain ◽  
ABM Enayet Hossain

Effect of exotic tree plantation on floristic composition and phytodiversity status of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary of Bangladesh was studied. A total of 309 vascular plant species under 245 genera belonging to 83 families were found to constitute the vascular flora of the studied area. The maximum number of species (298) with the highest Shannon-Weiner diversity index value (3.882±0.090) was recorded from natural forest, which was followed by 194 and 165 plant species with 3.441±0.205 and 3.398±0.103 diversity index values recorded from Tectona and Acacia plantation sites respectively. The minimum number of plant species (142) with the lowest diversity index value (2.999±0.152) was recorded from Eucalyptus plantation site. The collected data on the selected forest sites of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary showed the trends of gradual decrease in floristic composition and phytodivesity status of three plantation sites (Tectona to Acacia to Eucalyptus) in respect to natural forest, which indicated that exotic tree plantations might have negative impact on floristic composition and phytodiversity of this semi-tropical forest area and the fast-growing exotic tree plantation of Acacia and Eucalyptus should be avoided for sustainable development of Rema-Kalenga wildlife sanctuary.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 33-47, 2014 (December)


2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Oliveira de Souza ◽  
Luís Benacci ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Joly

Abstract: Undoubtedly, the publication of floristic lists and phytosociological studies are important tools for metadata generation, quantification and characterization of the megadiversity of Brazilian forests. In this sense, this work had the objective of describing the composition and the structure of the tree community of one hectare of Dense Atlantic Rainforest, at an altitude of 800 m. All individuals, including trees, palm trees, arborescent ferns and dead and standing stems, with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of ≥ 4.8 cm were sampled. After the identification of the botanical material, we proceeded to calculate the usual phytosociological parameters, besides the Shannon diversity index (H') and Pielou equability index (J). A total of 1.791 individuals were sampled, of which 1.729 were alive, belonging to 185 species, 100 genera and 46 families. The results obtained showed a strong similarity of structure and floristic composition with plots of both Montana and Sub Montana Ombrophilous Dense Forest studied in the same region. This reinforces the hypothesis that the transition between the phytophysiognomies of the Atlantic Ombrophylous Dense Forest is gradual, and that the boundaries between them cannot be clearly established.


2017 ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Encina-Domínguez ◽  
Francisco J. Encina-Domínguez ◽  
Efrén Mata-Rocha ◽  
Jesús Valdes-Reyna

The sierra de Zapalinamé lies at the southeastern portian of the State of Coahuila, in a transitional area between the Chihuahuan Desert Region and the Sierra Madre Oriental. lt has the status of a protected natural area by the state government. The Chihuahuan desert scrub is the most common vegetation type; however, spruce forest grows where the climate conditions are cold and temperate. Ten circular plots of 1,000 m2 were established to determine the floristic composition, structure of the forest and other ecological variables. Diameter and height were measured for every tree and shrubs and herbs were recorded. Seedlings were evaluated in five plots of 2 m2 per site. Attributes of the vegetation like density, basal area and the importance value of the tree species were estimated. The spruce forest of the sierra de Zapalinamé is found between 2,668 to 3,025 m of elevation where the annual average precipitation rain varies from 560 to 600 mm and with a temperature of 12.5ºC, over litosol soils with a slope of 34% to 70%. The forest is dominated by Abies vejarii, species which grows at elevated places and another important species is Pseudotsuga menziesii. Regeneration is of a few seedlings; nevertheless, due to microclime and soil sorne regeneration is successful. A total 73 species were recorded in these forests, being the most diverse Asteraceae (15 species), Pinaceae (4) and Poaceae (4). Conservation of the spruce forest is important due to its ecological value; in addition Abies vejarii is listed under status of conservation in the Mexican red list, and also because a number endemic species of plants are in this protected area.


2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Lucas Cajaiba ◽  
Wully Barreto Da Silva

A ação humana vem transformando as paisagens florestais em fragmentos isolados de remanescentes, podendo levar muitas espécies à extinção. Desta maneira se faz necessário a realização de estudos para o conhecimento e adequada caracterização da fauna de solo e, por conseguinte sua preservação. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar a fauna de coleópteros em um fragmento florestal ao entorno da cidade de Uruará, PA. Para tanto, utilizou-se armadilhas tipo pitfall não iscadas para a coleta. O fragmento foi dividido em quatro transectos, com armadilhas instaladas ao longo da borda (T1), 50 m (T2), 100 m (T3) e 200 m (T4). Foram coletados 196 indivíduos, classificados em sete famílias e 34 espécies/morfoespécies. A família que apresentou a maior abundância foi a Curculionidae representando 56,40% da abundância, tendo o gênero Xyleborus sp. a maior dominância. Através do índice de Diversidade de Shanon, observou-se que a área de borda apresentou a menor diversidade e maior dominância (índice de Berger-Parker). Através da curva de acumulação e dos estimadores de espécies, ficou evidenciado que a área de estudo apresenta uma quantidade superior de espécies ao encontrado no presente estudo, e que pesquisas futuras são necessárias para um melhor acompanhamento das alterações que ocorrem nos fragmentos florestais com a finalidade de propor medidas de menor impacto e preservação dessa biodiversidade. Abundance and Diversity of Ground Dwelling Beetles (Arthropoda: Insecta) in Fragments of Shrubbery Vegetation (Capoeira) in the Surroundings of the Urban Zone of Uruará City-PA, Brazil   Abstract. Human action has been transforming forest landscapes into isolated fragments, which may lead to the extinction of many species. Therefore, studies should be conducted to provide knowledge and the appropriate characterization of soil fauna, and, consequently, its preservation. This study was aimed to characterize the fauna of beetles in a forest fragment in the surroundings of Uruará city, PA. Unbaited pitfall traps were used for the collection of the beetles. The fragment was divided into four transects, with traps installed along the border (T1), 50 m (T2), 100 m (T3) and 200 m (T4). 196 individuals classified in seven families and 34 species/morphospecies were collected. The most abundant family was the Curculionidae accounting for 56.40% of the abundance, with gender Xyleborus sp. being the most dominant. Measurement with the Shannon Diversity Index for measurement showed lower diversity and greater dominance (Berger-Parker index) in the border area. Using species accumulation curves and estimators it became evident that the study area had a greater number of species than those found in the present study, and that further studies are needed to better monitor changes in forest fragments in order to propose measures to reduce the impact on this biodiversity and preserve it.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Indah Fitriani ◽  
Nur Faisal Andani ◽  
Anggi Indah Yuliana ◽  
Ahmad Syaifudin

Tambakrejo Village is an urban area located in the Jombang District. Tree vegetation continues to decline; one of the factors is the conversion of the function of yardland to residential areas. Changes in the land area will impact the structure of tree vegetation. This research was conducted by purposive sampling in 4 hamlets. Transects and species were included as random effects using the transect quadrat method (quadrat transect) by purposive sampling with tree size (10x10 m<sup>2</sup>). The data analysis was done qualitatively and quantitatively. Quantitative data analysis using vegetation analysis, namely: Importance Value Index (IVI), Dominance (C), and Diversity Index (Ĥ). Strata 3 tree vegetation H’ index in Tambakrejo Village, each hamlet is different, for Tambakberas Hamlet, H’ index value is 3.11%, Gedang Hamlet 2.97%, Nglungu Hamlet 2.91%, and for Petengan Hamlet 2, 89%. Most of the hamlets in Tambakrejo Village fall into medium-level diversity. INP index of Tambakberas Hamlet of 22.59% and lowest 2.07%. Gedang of 27.57% and lowest 2.84%, Nglungu of 19.76%, and lowest 2.86% Petengan of 28.79% and lowest 2.73%, The lowest Important Value Index is due to the transfer of the function of yard land for residential areas.


FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe De Araújo Pinto Sobrinho ◽  
Alexandre Gabriel Christo ◽  
Rejan Rodrigues Guedes-Bruni

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os aspectos florísticos e estruturais do componente arbóreo em um fragmento alterado de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana pertencente à Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Centro de Ecologia e Cidadania do Tinguá (CEC Tinguá), no entorno da Reserva Biológica do Tinguá (RJ). Empregou-se para amostragem o método de parcelas, sendo incluídos todos os indivíduos com 5 cm ou mais de diâmetro a 1,3 m de altura do fuste (DAP). Foram amostrados 277 indivíduos, distribuídos em 21 famílias e 53 espécies, resultando em uma densidade total de 1.385 ind.ha-1. As famílias com maior riqueza de espécies foram: Fabaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, Apocynaceae e Melastomataceae. A curva do coletor indicou saturação na amostragem. As espécies mais importantes foram: Pseudopiptadenia contorta, Lacistema pubecens, Apuleia leiocarpa e Aiouea saligna. O baixo índice de diversidade de Shannon, juntamente com as características estruturais e os grupos funcionais predominantes indicam que o remanescente encontra-se em estádio secundário de sucessão. Palavras-chave: Floresta Ombrófila Densa Submontana; florística e estrutura; categorias sucessionais.   Abstract Phytosociologic of a arboreus component of the remanent of Tropical Submontane Rainforest on the bordering of Tingua Biological Reserve, Rio de Janeiro. The objective of this work was to describe the floristic and structural aspects of the arboreal component in an altered Tropical Submontane Rainforest at Center of Ecology and Citizenship of the Tinguá (CEC Tinguá) Private Natural Heritage Reserves next to the Biological Reserve of Tinguá, Rio de Janeiro State. Using the plot method we included all individuals with diameter at 1,3 m (D.B.H.) ≥ 5cm. A total of 277 individuals were sampled, distributed in 21 families and 53 species, resulting in a total density of 1.385 ind.ha-1. The species accumulation curve indicated saturation in the sampling. Fabaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae Apocynaceae e Melastomataceae showed the highest values of species richness. The most important species were Pseudopiptadenia contorta, Lacistema pubecens, Apuleia leiocarpa and Aiouea saligna. The Low Shannon diversity index (H') together with the structural characteristics and the dominating functional groups of species indicating that the remainder finds itself in a secondary stage of succession.Keywords: Dense Ombrophilous Submontane Forest; Floristic and structure; successional categories. 


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-41
Author(s):  
Valdecir Da Silva ◽  
Vera Lúcia da Silva ◽  
Válter Da Silva ◽  
Dimítri De Araújo Costa ◽  
Francisco De Assis da Silva ◽  
...  

Forest fragmentation favours the propagation of some arboreal primate species that can alter the floristic composition of a community. This process may be associated with the loss of seed dispersants. In this work we propose to identify if the presence of frugivorous primates of medium and large size (Sapajus flavius and Alouatta belzebul) can influence forest diversity and structure. Further, we ask if the size of the fragment affects the availability of resources for these primates. Three fragments were studied in the Atlantic Forest of the State of Paraíba, Brazil, located in the municipalities of Sapé, Mamanguape, Rio Tinto, and Mataraca. In each area 25 plots of 50 x 4 m were delimited, randomly distributed along trails and transects. All trees with chest-high circumferences (CAP) above 12 cm found within the plots were marked with ribbons, and numbered continuously. A total of 114 plant species were documented in the Pacatuba Forest, 79 in the Asplan Forest, and 97 in the “Guaribas” (Sema III) Biological Reserve (REBIO) Forest. According to the Chao and Jacknife estimators, the REBIO Guaribas Forest can present more species than recorded in the present investigation. Species Tapirira guianensis, Protium giganteum and Protium heptaphyllum are the most abundant in the Asplan, Pacatuba and Sema III Forests, respectively. In the REBIO Guaribas Forest, the Shannon diversity index was (H') = 3.75, the Alpha-Fisher index was = 26.57 and the Simpson index (1-D) was = 0.90. Pacatuba was the forest fragment with the highest index of diversity (H') = 375, Alpha-Fischer = 33.74 and Simpson (1-D) = 0.95. Pacatuba and REBIO Guaribas Forsts possess greater Beta diversity. The results suggest that local and historical factors possibly increase Beta diversity, contributing to the increase in resources used as food by primates. Therefore, the presence of primates of medium and large size in the Pacatuba Forest may affect the diversity of resources, contributing to the dispersion of large fruits and seeds. The presence of primates of medium and large size can thus contribute to the preservation of floristic diversity in forest fragments.


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