Dendrochronology and growth of Copaifera langsdorffii wood in the vegetation dynamics of the Pirapitinga Ecological Station, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

This study aims to build a chronology of the growth rings of Copaifera langsdorffii (copaíba) in order to understand the dynamics of vegetation types that occur on a river island in the Cerrado biome. For this purpose, we selected 30 trees of copaíba established in a vegetation of Mata Seca Sempre-Verde in the Pirapitinga Ecological Station (EEP), state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Two radial samples from each tree were collected by an auger. The samples were treated by mechanical polishing for better visualization of the growth rings, and consequently further delineation and measurement. Later, the width of the growth rings was verified in order to generate a master time series of the specie. To check the influence of meteorological factors, we used the Pearson correlation (p < 0.05). The results showed that the population of copaíba in the EEP presented dendrochronologyc potential, which was confirmed by the high values of wide growth rings correlation within and between trees. The dendrochronologyc analysis revealed that copaíba trees were already present before the dam filling, but with lower population density than today. It was also possible to infer that the development of the vegetation type Mata Seca Sempre-Verde occurred since the decade of the 1970. The average sensitivity was enough to consider the species sensitive to environmental variations. Precipitation and temperature only influenced positively the growth rings in the transition from dry to wet seasons. The results revealed information about the dynamics of the local vegetation, elucidating the changes that occurred in the environment in which the population of copaíba is established.

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Variables associated with the performance of Centers for Dental Specialties in Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400040015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 978-988 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karine Laura Cortellazzi ◽

Edna Cesar Balbino ◽

Luciane Miranda Guerra ◽

Fabiana de Lima Vazquez ◽

Jaqueline Vilela Bulgareli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Health Care Organization ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Care Organization ◽

Structural Variables ◽

Regional Location ◽

Lower Population ◽

Variable Performance ◽

Lower Population Density

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Centers for Dental Specialties (CDS) in the country and associations with sociodemographic indicators of the municipalities, structural variables of services and primary health care organization in the years 2004-2009. The study used secondary data from procedures performed in the CDS to the specialties of periodontics, endodontics, surgery and primary care. Bivariate analysis by χ2 test was used to test the association between the dependent variable (performance of the CDS) with the independents. Then, Poisson regression analysis was performed. With regard to the overall achievement of targets, it was observed that the majority of CDS (69.25%) performance was considered poor/regular. The independent factors associated with poor/regular performance of CDS were: municipalities belonging to the Northeast, South and Southeast regions, with lower Human Development Index (HDI), lower population density, and reduced time to deployment. HDI and population density are important for the performance of the CDS in Brazil. Similarly, the peculiarities related to less populated areas as well as regional location and time of service implementation CDS should be taken into account in the planning of these services.

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PERFIL DOS INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS NO BRASIL DE 1994 A 1997

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v32i2.2287 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ronaldo Viana Soares ◽

Juliana Ferreira Santos

Keyword(s):

Forest Fire ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Secondary Growth ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Size Class ◽

Fire Season ◽

Burned Area ◽

Native Forest ◽

Fire Statistics ◽

Fire Control

O conhecimento do perfil dos incêndios florestais é muito importante para o planejamento do controle dos mesmos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer o perfil dos incêndios florestais no país através de dados coletados, em áreas protegidas, no período de 1994 a 1997, através de formulários preenchidos por empresas e instituições florestais. Foram registrados e informados 1.957 incêndios e apesar deste número não representar a totalidade dos incêndios ocorridos no período estudado, constituiu-se numa base confiável para se conhecer as principais características dos incêndios. Os resultados mostraram que a área média atingida por incêndio no período analisado foi de aproximadamente 135 ha, sendo Minas Gerais o estado líder, tanto em número de incêndios informados (62,7% do total) como em área queimada (25,2%). O grupo Incendiários foi a principal causa dos incêndios, com 56,6% das ocorrências, vindo a seguir as Queimas para limpeza com 22,1%. Com relação à área queimada o grupo Queimas para limpeza , com 74,1% da superfície atingida, foi a principal causa, ficando o grupo Incendiários em segundo lugar com 19,8%. A principal estação de incêndios no país se estende de julho a novembro, quando ocorreram 79,2% dos incêndios, correspondendo a 98,6% da área atingida. O maior número de incêndios (39,7% das ocorrências) foi registrado em Outro tipo de vegetação, que inclui cerrado, capoeira e campo. Com relação à área atingida, entretanto, 92,5% foi registrada em Florestas Nativas. Quanto à distribuição dos incêndios através das classes de tamanho, 23,9% foi enquadrado na classe I ( 0,1 ha). É importante ressaltar que quanto maior a eficiência no combate aos incêndios, maior é a concentração dos mesmos na classe I. Apesar de corresponder a apenas 2,4% das ocorrências, os incêndios da classe V ( 200,0 ha) foram responsáveis por 94,5% da área queimada. FOREST FIRE STATISTICS IN BRAZIL FROM 1994 TO 1997 Abstract Forest fire statistics knowledge is an important tool for fire control planning. The objective of this research was to collect information on forest fire occurrence in Brazilian protected areas in the period of 1994 to 1997. The analyzed variables were the number of fires and burned areas per state of the federation, monthly distribution, probable causes, affected vegetation, size class distribution, and average burned area per fire. Results showed that the average burned area per fire was approximately 135 ha and Minas Gerais ranked first, both in number of registered fires (62.7%) and burned surface (25.2%). Incendiary, with 56.6% of the occurrences was the leading cause, followed by debris burning with 22.1%. However, as for the affected area, Debris burning was the leading cause (74.1%), followed by Incendiary (19.8%). The fire season extends from July to November, when 79.2% of the fires occurred, corresponding to 98.6% of the burned surface. Miscellaneous, that includes savanna, secondary growth forest, and grassland were the most affected vegetation type (39.7% of the occurrences). In relation to the burned surface, Native Forest (92.5%) ranked first. The distribution of the registered fires through the size classes presented 23.9% of the occurrences in Class I ( 0.1 ha), whereas 94.5% of the burned area were result of Class V ( 200 ha) fires. Size Class II (0.1 to 4.0 ha), with 49.1% of the occurrences, ranked first in number of registered fires during the analyzed period.

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Implications of predictable and unpredictable environmental factors in common bean VCU trials in Minas Gerais

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/1984-70332014v14n3a22 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 146-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lidiane Kely de Lima ◽

Magno Antonio Patto Ramalho ◽

Ângela de Fátima Barbosa Abreu ◽

Fernando Henrique Ribeiro Barrozo Toledo ◽

Ricardo Augusto Diniz Cabral Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Common Bean ◽

Total Variation ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

The State ◽

Good Strategy ◽

Yield Data ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Environmental Variations

The aim of this study was to estimate the relative contribution of predictable and unpredictable environmental variations to the lines x environments interaction and verify if it is possible to reduce the number of evaluation environments of the Value for Cultivation and Use Trials (VCU) conducted in Minas Gerais, Brazil. We used grain yield data from 166 VCU trials of common bean conducted in the state from 2002 to 2012. Individual and joint analyses of variance of the environments were carried out for each two-year period and the contribution of each source of variation to total variation was estimated. Subsequently, ecovalence was used, and joint analyses of variance were made considering different numbers of environments by means of resampling. The source of variation that most contributes to the interaction is location. Reduction in the number of environments in the VCU trials is not a good strategy for recommendation of cultivars in Minas Gerais.

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Effect of the product of radiational removal of SO2 and NOx from combustion gases on the population of Globodera rostochiensis nematodes (Woll., Behrens 1975)

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/10579-pps ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽

pp. 642-644

Author(s):

G. Kaup ◽

K. Janowicz ◽

K. Paruch

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Globodera Rostochiensis ◽

Combustion Gases ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Second Year ◽

Lower Population ◽

Eggs And Larvae ◽

Lower Population Density

The studies were carried out in a greenhouse of the Agricultural University of Szczecin, during two growing seasons. The aim of this study was determine the effect of the product obtained from radiational SO2 and NOx removal from combustion gases on the populations of Globodera rostochiensis nematodes — one of the most common quarantine organisms. The analysis of the effect of the applied product on the population of nematodes demonstrated their varied character of response. In the combination with the product of radiational purification of combustion gases, also significantly lower population density (number of eggs and larvae in 1 g of soil) and lower fecundity of Globodera rostochiensis females were observed compared to the control combination. And in the second year of the experiment, the number of cysts in the combination with the product of SO2 and NOx removal from combustion gases was significantly lower compared to the control, and was less than half of the quantity of the previous year.

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The 2014 House Elections: Political Analysis and The Enduring Importance of Demographics

The Forum ◽

10.1515/for-2014-5028 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jeffrey M. Stonecash

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Political Analysis ◽

Lower Population ◽

Lower Population Density

AbstractPartisan success in House districts is significantly influenced by the composition of districts and the resulting partisan voting inclinations. Districts that are largely White and have lower population density vote Republican and those that are highly urban and dominated by non-Whites vote Democratic. That continued to play out in 2014. Although the 2014 House elections produced the highest number of Republican seats since 1928, the changes from 2012 to 2014 look less dramatic when assessed by district composition and partisan voting tendencies.

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Relações morfométricas para Copaifera langsdorffii (Desf.) Kuntze na região norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil

Revista Ecologia e Nutrição Florestal - ENFLO ◽

10.5902/2316980x38551 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 01

Author(s):

Caio Ferreira da Silva ◽

Drauzio Correia Gama ◽

Lais Almeida Araújo ◽

Jean Barcello Xavier Bahia ◽

Vinícius Orlandi Barbosa Lima

Keyword(s):

Minas Gerais ◽

Northern Region ◽

Economic Importance ◽

Crown Area ◽

Crown Diameter ◽

Breast Height ◽

Great Economic Importance ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Copaifera Langsdorffii ◽

Positive Correlations

Copaifera langsdorffii specie occurs throughout Brazil and is of great economic importance, mainly due to its production of oil-resin used for various pharmacological purposes. The objective of this study was to analyze the morphometric relationships in C. langsdorffii stand in northern region of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Twenty trees were randomly sampled and were measured: stem circumference at 1.3 m height, total height (Ht) and crown diameter (CD). Morphometric indices were estimated. Correlations between dendrometric and morphometric variables were obtained through the Pearson matrix. The morphometric relations of crown proportion (CP), crown area (CA), formal of crown (FC), degree of slenderness (DS), salience index (SI), coverage index (CI) and vital space (VS) presented values of 15.26%, 25.06 m², 1.47, 16.35, 21.70, 0.47 and 7.01, respectively. Strong positive correlations were found in: diameter at breast height (DBH) in relation to CD and CA; Ht with crown proportion (CP) and DS; the formal of crown (FC) with the CI and VS, and between the CI and VS. The morphometric indices made it possible to understand the few magnitude of stand variation. The species can be characterized as facilitating management.

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Mitigation of COVID Strategies Comparison Between United States and Europe

Handbook of Research on Strategies and Interventions to Mitigate COVID-19 Impact on SMEs - Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-7436-2.ch018 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 359-382

Author(s):

Mercedes Barrachina ◽

Lucia Barrachina

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Population Density ◽

The United States ◽

American Government ◽

Additional Time ◽

Hard Times ◽

Medium Businesses ◽

The Impact ◽

Lower Population ◽

Lower Population Density

The COVID-19 pandemic started in China at the end of 2019; however, during 2020, it has spread to more than 188 countries causing very hard times. Europe and the United States have followed different strategies to fight the virus. The differences between those areas in relation with the pandemic could be named shortly as for example the additional time that the United States had to prepare everything against the pandemic compared to Europe, as the American government had around three weeks in comparison to Europe to plan the strategy against the pandemic. The density of population is also an example of the differences between those areas as the United States has a lower population density compared to Europe, and this is another key fact affecting the spreading of COVID-19. The main objective of the study is to compare the different measures adopted by each region and analyze the impact they have in the economy and in small and medium businesses. Specific conclusions about the impact of the measures adopted will be extracted, and some lessons could be obtained from those conclusions.

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Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididea) assemblages in forests and savanna areas in Center, West and South-west regions of Cameroon

Journal of Insect Biodiversity ◽

10.12976/jib/2019.12.1.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 17-32

Author(s):

ALAIN CHRISTEL WANDJI ◽

SÉVILOR KEKEUNOU ◽

MARCELLE MBADJOUN NZIKE ◽

ALAIN SIMEU NOUTCHOUM ◽

ABRAHAM FOMENA

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Forest Degradation ◽

Dissimilarity Index ◽

Grasshopper Species ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Environmental Variations ◽

Capture Method ◽

First Time

Forest degradation due to human activities is a major threat to the long-term persistence of many species. It affects species richness, abundance and can lead to the extinction of some species. The present work aimed at identifying the effect of environmental variations on the species richness and composition of grasshoppers in three regions Cameroon. In each region, four vegetations (forests, agroforests, fallows and crop fields) were investigated using sweep nets and pitfalls trapping for specimens’ capture from February 2016 to February 2018. From this study, 92 grasshoppers species belonging to 3 families, 13 subfamilies and 70 genera were collected. The Acrididae was the most diverse family with 77 species. The Catantopinae was the richest subfamily (22 species), while the Pterotiltus was the richest genus with 7 species. Overall, the average sample success was 92.49%. We found that the species richness was strongly influenced by the study site (region), the vegetation type, and the capture method. The dissimilarity index revealed that the grasshopper communities of West and Center region were similar to each other, like those of fallows and crop fields. Twenty-four species of grasshopper could be reported for the first time in Cameroon. This study updates the database on the grasshopper fauna of Cameroon and brings to 238 the number of grasshopper species known in Cameroon. Key words: Grasshoppers, species richness, forests, agroforests, fallows, crop fields

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Dynamics of vegetation structure in a fragmented landscape in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.188643 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 678-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. V. Salomão ◽

M. D. D. Silva ◽

E. L. M. Machado

Keyword(s):

Edge Effect ◽

Fire Resistance ◽

Edge Effects ◽

Vegetation Structure ◽

Patch Dynamics ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Fragmented Landscape ◽

Landscape Changes ◽

Dynamics Of Vegetation

Abstract Considering that area and edge effects are the most important factors that lead to landscape changes from the fragmentation of terrestrial communities, the present study aimed to analyze changes in the structure of vegetation classes of a fragmented landscape. The methodology employed was based on a model of patch dynamics for the years between 1979 and 2015. The analysis was performed with quantitative (area, shape and edge effect) and qualitative (low declivity of the terrain, fire resistance and tolerance to variation in light) variables of the classes of vegetation. Processes of retraction and expansion of the vegetation classes were identified, as well as the alteration of the structure of the fragments, which resulted in the intensification of the edge effect.

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Communities and occurrences of Squamata reptiles in different vegetation types of the Serra de São José, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2015-0103 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Celso Henrique Varela Rios ◽

◽

Iara Alves Novelli ◽

Alexandre de Assis Hudson ◽

Pilar Cozendey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Protected Area ◽

High Probability ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Gallery Forest ◽

Species Being ◽

Bothrops Neuwiedi

Abstract The objective of the present study was to learn which species of Squamata reptiles occur in Protected Area São José, in Tiradentes, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Between November 2009 and December 2010 reptiles were captured. In total 157 specimens were recorded of 29 species, 16 snakes, 12 lizards and one amphisbaena. Among the snakes, Dipsadidae showed the greatest richness, with a total of nine species. The group of snakes had the highest number of species present in the community, but 79% of sampled specimens were lizards, Enyalius bilineatus being the most abundant species, with 21% of occurrence. The area with the highest richness was the Cerradão. The lower abundance was found in the Gallery Forest area (n=14), but it was the vegetation type with the highest equitability. Areas of Cerradão and Cerrado sensu strictu showed the most similarity. In these areas five species were recorded in common, Bothrops neuwiedi (n=3) being the only species of snake, and the two species of lizards most abundant in both environments were Enyalius bilineatus (n=32) and Ameivula ocellifera (n=19). Ophiodes striatus and Xenodon merremii were common to Cerradão and Dirty Field areas. There was no species recorded that were common to the environments of Cerrado and Dirty Field but two species not sympatric were found of the same genus, Tropidurus torquatus, which was found only in the Cerrado sensu strictu and Tropidurus itambere exclusively in Dirty Field. Since none of the rarefaction curves reached full asymptote, this highlights the need for further study due to the high probability of new species being recorded for the studied area.

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