ANTI-PARKINSONIAN ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF CLEOME GYNANDRA LEAVES AGAINST MPTP AND ISOLATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (08) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Ramya Kuber Banoth ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cleome Gynandra ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Antiparkinsonian activity of Cleome gynandra (CG) was evaluated and chemical constituents were isolated. The results of the present study showed that spontaneous motor activity, retention time and number of head drippings were decreased, whereas immobility time in Tail suspension (TST) and Forced swimming test (FST) were increased in MPTP treated animals, while they were significantly (P<0.001) increased and (P<0.01) decreased with various extracts of CG. Dopamine, serotonin (P<0.001), epinephrine (P<0.01) and glutathione levels were significantly decreased and lipid peroxidation was increased in MPTP treated groups, while their levels were significantly (P<0.001) increased and decreased with various extracts of CG in a dose dependant manner as compared to MPTP, L-dopamine and control groups. Ethanolic leaf extract of CG leads to isolation of triterpenoid, flavone and anthocyanidin - O- methylated flavonoids, which were characterized by using spectroscopic investigation methods like FTIR, NMR and MS.

scholarly journals Alpha-terpineol: evaluation and pharmacological screening as an antidepressant agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e191101119571
Author(s):  
Amanda Fonseca Costa Assunção ◽  
Nícolas Davidson Sérvulo Rodrigues ◽  
Andreia Viana da Costa Sampaio ◽  
Karolinny dos Santos Silva ◽  
Laryssa Roque da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Action

Objective: To evaluate the possible antidepressant effects of alpha-terpineol in rodents. Material and Methods: Depression levels were analyzed by comparing the total immobility time presented by the animals of the experimental groups in the test session, using the Forced Swimming Test and the Tail Suspension Test. The parameters of locomotion (central, peripheral and total) and motor coordination were evaluated in the Open Field Test and in the Rota Rod Test, respectively. In the second stage, the involvement of the noradrenergic system in the antidepressant action of alpha-terpineol in Forced Swimming Test was investigated. Results and Discussion: After performing the experimental tests, it was observed that the animals that received alpha-terpineol had reduced immobility time in Forced Swimming Test and Tail Suspension Test, compared to the other groups. In the Open Field Test and Rota-rod, the mice showed, respectively, good exploratory activity and motor coordination during the tests. In addition, the study of the Noradrenergic System proved to be a promising mechanism used during its antidepressant action. Conclusion: In view of the results of the experimental tests, alpha-terpineol presented similar responses to those found in other monoterpenes investigated in the literature. Thus, it is shown as a promising antidepressant to be used clinically in humans, with less side effects and low production cost.

scholarly journals Antidepressant-like Effect and Mechanisms of Essential Oils From Citrus Reticulata in Reserpine-induced Depression Model Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Tang ◽  
Yong Ai ◽  
Siyang Zhu ◽  
Ni Song ◽  
Xian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Suspension Test

Abstract Citrus reticulata, has been used for various diseases such as cough. According to previous studies, the essential oil of C. reticulata (CREOs) have been shown to be effectively alleviate depression-like behaviors in mice. This study is aimed to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of CREOs in the rapid reserpine-induced depression model mice as well as its possible mechanisms. The experiment was conducted in six groups, each with four mice. The essential oil group and the control group were administered by sniffing (1h/d), while the reserpine group and fluoxetine group by intraperitoneal injection. Body weight, forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were used to assess depressive behavior. The compositions and contents of CREOs were analyzed by GC-MS. The results indicated that reserpine could reduce the weight of mice and prolong the immobility time of FST and TST. Moreover, the level of 5HT-1A, GR and Nissl bodies in the brain tissue were significantly reduced, while the level of BDNF was increased in reserpine-treated mice. The administration of CREOs could effectively inhibit the weight loss and the prolongation of immobility time caused by reserpine. In addition, the treatment of CREOs has also been shown to reverse the changes in Nissl body, 5-HT, GR and BDNF levels. Limonene was the main active component of CREOs and might be related to the reduction of BDNF. By up-regulating the level of BDNF, CREOs could regulate the hyperexcitability of the HPA axis, thereby increasing the level of neurotransmitters and restoring neurons.

Effect of Psoralea corylifolia extract on physically induced depression in mice.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Bhawya D. ◽  
K. R. Anilakumar ◽  
Farhath Khanum
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Suspension Test

<p>The mouse forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) are widely used to predict anti-depressant efficacy indicated by immobility time to be reduced by several different classes of anti-depressant drugs. PCE feeding at the dose of 75,150 and 300 mg/kg reduced the immobility duration at 14-days and 21-days, however the decrease was significant in mice treated with PCE for 21-days also, extract had no effect on spontaneous motor activity in mice, indicating that extract had no excitatory or inhibitory action on central nervous system in effective dose range, which eliminated the probability of false-positive results in forced swimming test and tail suspension test. Interestingly, the dose-response effect of PCE on reduction of serum CRF levels was concomitance with that on increase of brain 5-HT contents, as well as on swimming increase, indicating that the serotonergic system and the HPA axis responds with the production of 5-HT and CRF profiles that is characteristic for PCE applied in the mouse FST. Our results demonstrate that the oral administration of PCE possesses an anti-depressant-like activity, as evidenced by behavioural studies. Detailed investigations are needed to fully elucidate the mechanism of action at cellular level for the bioactive constituents present in the extract. </p>

scholarly journals Gunn rats with glial activation in the hippocampus show prolonged immobility time in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e01028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Arauchi ◽  
Sadayuki Hashioka ◽  
Keiko Tsuchie ◽  
Tsuyoshi Miyaoka ◽  
Toshiko Tsumori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Glial Activation ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Gunn Rats ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Suspension Test

Nitric oxide mediates the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse forced swimming and tail suspension tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Omidi-Ardali ◽  
Abolfazl Ghasemi Badi ◽  
Elham Saghaei ◽  
Hossein Amini-Khoei
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies have suggested antidepressant properties for modafinil; however, the underlying mechanisms mediating the antidepressant effect of modafinil have not been well recognized in clinical and animal studies. Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the pathophysiology of depression. We attempted to investigate the possible role of NO in the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST).MethodsThe antidepressant-like effect of modafinil (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg), alone and in combination with l-arginine, l-arg, (100 mg/kg) and NG-l-arginine methyl ester, l-NAME (5 mg/kg), was evaluated using FST and TST. Following behavioral tests, the hippocampi were dissected out to measure nitrite levels.ResultsFindings suggested that administration of modafinil at doses of 50 and 75 mg/kg significantly reduced immobility time in the FST and TST. Furthermore, administration of l-arg and l-NAME increased and decreased, respectively, the immobility time in the FST and TST. We showed that co-administration of a sub-effective dose of modafinil (25 mg/kg) plus l-NAME potentiated the antidepressant-like effect of the sub-effective dose of modafinil. In addition, co-treatment of an effective dose of modafinil (75 mg/kg) with l-arg attenuated the antidepressant-like effect of the effective dose of modafinil. We showed that the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil is associated with decreased nitrite levels in the hippocampus.ConclusionsOur findings for the first time support that the modulation of NO, partially at least, is involved in the antidepressant-like effect of modafinil in mouse FST and TST.

scholarly journals ANTI-DEPRESSANT EFFECT OF CEFTRIAXONE IN FORCED SWIMMING TEST AND IN TAIL SUSPENSION TEST IN MICE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajoy Borah ◽  
Binita Singha ◽  
Swopna Phukan
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Suspension Test

Objective: Depression is a major psychiatric disorder affecting nearly 350 million people worldwide and imposes a substantial health burden on the society. Ceftriaxone has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in animals. It has also undergone trials as a treatment option for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of ceftriaxone in mice.Methods: Ceftriaxone was administered at three different doses (0.130, 0.195 and 0.260g/kg) to Swiss albino mice of either sex by intra peritoneal (i. p.) route. The period of immobility in control and drug-treated mice were recorded in forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). The antidepressant effect of ceftriaxone indicated by the decrease in duration of immobility was compared to that of fluoxetine (0.020 g/kg, i. p.).Results: Ceftriaxone decreased the duration of immobility in mice. It showed a significant dose-dependent antidepressant effect. The antidepressant effect of 0.260g/kg of ceftriaxone was comparable to that of fluoxetine in the TST but not in the FST.Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate antidepressant activity of Ceftriaxone. The study shows that ceftriaxone has additional action on the central nervous system other than neuroprotection. Ceftriaxone therapy in cases of encephalomeningitis and in various cases of hemorrhages in the brain can, therefore, prevent the development of depression in future

Celecoxib, ibuprofen, and indomethacin alleviate depression-like behavior induced by interferon-alfa in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Mesripour ◽  
Shahrzad Shahnooshi ◽  
Valiollah Hajhashemi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Interferon Alfa ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Psychiatric Side Effects

AbstractBackgroundInterferon-α (IFNα) therapy causes psychiatric side effects, including depression that may result in poor compliance of therapy. It is important to find alternative therapies for the prevention of IFNα induced depression. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been useful in depressive disorder. Therefore the effects of celecoxib, ibuprofen, and indomethacin were evaluated following IFNα-induced depression in mice.MethodsMale albino mice weighing 26 ± 2 g were used. Depression was induced by IFNα (16 × 105 IU/kg, SC) for six consecutive days. Animals were first subject to the locomotor test, then the splash test and finally the forced swimming test (FST) on the 7th day. The NSAIDs were administered (IP) either one single dose before the test, or simultaneously with IFNα.Resultslocomotor activity was only impaired by ibuprofen high dose (75 mg/kg), thus it was not further evaluated. Following IFNα therapy depression-like behaviors were observed; significant changes during the splash test (grooming time 24 ± 7 sec vs. control 63 ± 7 sec), the FST (immobility time 166  ± 15 sec vs. control 128  ± 6 sec), and sucrose preference reduced to 64 ± 0.8%. The NSAIDs noticeably reduced the immobility time in FST, while grooming time was increased. Celecoxib and indomethacin single doses were effective while ibuprofen showed better antidepressant effects when it was administered along with IFNα.ConclusionsThe NSAIDs were able to prevent IFNα induced depression in mice. NSAIDs administration with IFNα does not interfere with clinical benefit effects of IFNα and they could also be useful to prevent IFNα psychiatric side effects, thus further clinical trials are suggested.

scholarly journals Antidepressant-Like Activity of the Ethanolic Extract fromUncaria lanosaWallich var.appendiculataRidsd in the Forced Swimming Test and in the Tail Suspension Test in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieh-Ching Hsu ◽  
Yu-Jen Ko ◽  
Hao-Yuan Cheng ◽  
Ching-Wen Chang ◽  
Yu-Chin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Mice Brain ◽  
Suspension Test

This study investigated the antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract ofU. lanosaWallich var.appendiculataRidsd (ULEtOH) for two-weeks administrations by using FST and TST on mice. In order to understand the probable mechanism of antidepressant-like activity of ULEtOHin FST and TST, the researchers measured the levels of monoamines and monoamine oxidase activities in mice brain, and combined the antidepressant drugs (fluoxetine, imipramine, maprotiline, clorgyline, bupropion and ketanserin). Lastly, the researchers analyzed the content of RHY in the ULEtOH. The results showed that ULEtOHexhibited antidepressant-like activity in FST and TST in mice. ULEtOHincreased the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and hypothalamus, the levels of NE and MHPG in cortex and hippocampus, the level of NE in striatum, and the level of DOPAC in striatum. Two-week injection of IMI, CLO, FLU and KET enhanced the antidepressant-like activity of ULEtOH. ULEtOHinhibited the activity of MAO-A. The amount of RHY in ULEtOHwas 17.12 mg/g extract. Our findings support the view that ULEtOHexerts antidepressant-like activity. The antidepressant-like mechanism of ULEtOHmay be related to the increase in monoamines levels in the hippocampus, cortex, striatum, and hypothalamus of mice.

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