scholarly journals Suicidal Behaviour and Self-harm in Adults with Autism and Asperger Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eruslu E
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Asperger Syndrome ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
High Level

Some adults with Asperger syndrome are at increased risk of suicidal ideation/behaviour and require a high level social support. Psychological and physical abuse in early childhood might increase suicidal risk at later age. Intact executive functioning might facilitate suicidal behaviour.

Effective treatments for suicidal youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 593-608
Author(s):  
David A. Brent
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

This chapter reviews the efficacy of interventions designed to prevent the onset or recurrence of suicidal ideation or behaviour in adolescents and young adults. First, community-based universal interventions designed to decrease the incidence of suicidal ideation and behaviour in youth are reviewed. Second, interventions designed to reduce suicidal risk in those already identified as at increased risk for suicidal behaviour are discussed. Third, the role of the pharmacological treatment of psychiatric disorder, such as the treatment of depression, in the reduction of suicidal risk in adolescents is delineated. Finally, on the basis of this review, recommendations for best practice in the prevention and treatment of suicidal behaviour in youth are offered.

scholarly journals Protocol: A two-wave cross-sectional study in England investigating suicidal behaviour and self-harm amongst healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prianka Padmanathan ◽  
Danielle Lamb ◽  
Hannah Scott ◽  
Simon Wessely ◽  
Paul Moran
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionThere have been longstanding concerns regarding an increased risk of suicide amongst healthcare workers. The Covid-19 pandemic has placed an additional burden on staff, yet few studies have investigated the impact of the pandemic on their risk of suicide and self-harm. We aimed to investigate the cumulative incidence, prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury amongst healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods and AnalysisNHS Check is an online survey that was distributed to all staff (clinical and non-clinical), students, and volunteers in 18 NHS Trusts across England during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collected in wave 1 (collected between April 2020 and January 2021) and wave 2 (collected 6-month after wave 1) will be analysed. The full cohort of wave 1 participants will be weighted to represent the age, sex, ethnicity, and roles profile of the workforce at each Trust, and the weighted prevalence and cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-injury will be described. Two-level random effects logistic regression models will be used to investigate the relationship between suicidal behaviour and self-harm, and demographic characteristics (age, sex, ethnicity) and workplace factors (concerns regarding access to personal protective equipment, re-deployment status, moral injury, confidence around raising and the management of safety concerns, support by supervisors or managers, satisfaction with standard of care provided). Results will be stratified by role (clinical/non-clinical).

scholarly journals Associations of adverse childhood experiences and social support with self-injurious behaviour and suicidality in adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhui Wan ◽  
Ruoling Chen ◽  
Shuangshuang Ma ◽  
Danielle McFeeters ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Individual

BackgroundThere is little investigation on the interaction effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and social support on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in community adolescent populations, or gender differences in these effects.AimsTo examine the individual and interaction effects of ACEs and social support on NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in adolescents, and explore gender differences.MethodA school-based health survey was conducted in three provinces in China between 2013–2014. A total of 14 820 students aged 10–20 years completed standard questionnaires, to record details of ACEs, social support, NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.ResultsOf included participants, 89.4% reported one or more category of ACEs. The 12-month prevalence of NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt was 26.1%, 17.5% and 4.4%, respectively; all were significantly associated with increased ACEs and lower social support. The multiple adjusted odds ratio of NSSI in low versus high social support was 2.27 (95% CI 1.85–2.67) for girls and 1.81 (95% CI 1.53–2.14) for boys, and their ratio (Ratio of two odds ratios, ROR) was 1.25 (P = 0.037). Girls with high ACEs scores (5–6) and moderate or low social support also had a higher risk of suicide attempt than boys (RORs: 2.34, 1.84 and 2.02, respectively; all P < 0.05).ConclusionsACEs and low social support are associated with increased risk of NSSI and suicidality in Chinese adolescents. Strategies to improve social support, particularly among female adolescents with a high number of ACEs, should be an integral component of targeted mental health interventions.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Depression and Deliberate Self-Harm Among Rural Adolescents of Sichuan Province in Western China: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimin Lai ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
Shasha Song ◽  
Mingxia Yan ◽  
Chengmeng Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Western China ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

Objective: To explore the change in the prevalence and association of depression and deliberate self-harm and their common and independent influencing factors among western Chinese rural adolescents.Methods: A total of 2,744 junior and senior high school students from two rural schools in Sichuan Province, China, participated in the baseline survey and were invited to participate in two follow-up surveys. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, a deliberate self-harm item, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were administered. A bivariate four-level logistic regression model was used for analysis.Results: The prevalence of depression and deliberate self-harm were 39.6 and 21.2%, respectively. Regular physical exercise, a good relationship with parents, high resilience, and high self-esteem were common protective factors for both depression and deliberate self-harm. Feeling disliked by teachers was a common risk factor for both. Being female, having a mother who emigrated as a migrant worker before the student was 3 years old, feeling disliked by classmates and having a poor family economic status were associated only with an increased risk of depression. Participants with medium social support were less likely to report deliberate self-harm than those with low or high support. Depression and deliberate self-harm were clustered at the class level.Conclusions: The comorbidity of depression and deliberate self-harm in rural adolescents should be given ample attention. Interventions should consider the class clustering of depression and deliberate self-harm and their common and unique influencing factors.

Life, lifestyle and location: examining the complexities of psychological distress in young adult Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Davison ◽  
T. Nagel ◽  
G. R. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

Mental health is fundamental to an individual’s health and well-being. Mental health disorders affect a substantial portion of the Australian population, with the most vulnerable time in adolescence and young adulthood. Indigenous Australians fare worse than other Australians on almost every measure of physical and mental health. Cross-sectional data from young adults (21–27 years) participating in the Life Course Program, Northern Territory, Australia, is presented. Rates of psychological distress were high in remote and urban residing Indigenous and urban non-Indigenous young adults. This rate was more pronounced in young women, particularly in Indigenous remote and urban residing women. Young adults with high psychological distress also had lower levels of positive well-being, higher perceived stress levels, experienced a higher number of major life events and were at an increased risk of suicidal ideation and/or self-harm. This study supports the need for a continued focus on early screening and treatment at this vulnerable age. The significant association seen between psychological distress and other markers of emotional well-being, particularly risk of suicidal ideation and/or self-harm, highlights the need for a holistic approach to mental health assessment and treatment. A concerted focus on improving the environs of young adults by lowering levels of stress, improving access to adequate housing, educational and employment opportunity, will assist in improving the emotional health of young adults.

scholarly journals Ego-resiliency Moderates the Risk of Depression and Social Anxiety Symptoms on Suicidal Ideation in Medical Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Hyun Seo ◽  
Hae-Jung Yang ◽  
Seung-Gon Kim ◽  
Hyung-Jun Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mental Health Programs ◽  
Ego Resiliency

Abstract BackgroundLittle is known about the role of protective factors in suicidal ideation among medical students. This study aimed to examine the association between suicidal ideation and protective (self-esteem/ego-resiliency/social support) and risk (depression/social anxiety) factors.MethodsData on sociodemographic factors, depression, social anxiety, self-esteem, ego-resiliency, social support, and current suicidal ideation were collected from 408 medical students. A logistic regression model was constructed to identify the independent impact of potential influencing factors on suicidal ideation. Potential moderating effects were also explored.ResultsThirty-eight participants (9.3%) reported experiencing suicidal ideation. Younger age, higher levels of depression, social anxiety, and lower levels of self-esteem, ego-resiliency, and social support were found to be significantly correlated with suicidal ideation. In the final model, higher levels of depression and social anxiety were associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation, while higher levels of self-esteem and social support were associated with a decreased risk of suicidal ideation. Although the independent effect was not significant, the interactions of ego-resiliency with both depression and social anxiety on suicidal ideation were significant. Higher levels of ego-resiliency acted as a buffer against suicidal ideation among those with higher levels of depression or social anxiety.ConclusionsIn addition to risk factors, this study revealed the underlying protective and moderating factors of suicidal ideation among medical students. Mental health programs focusing on enhancing ego-resiliency, self-esteem, and social support may contribute to suicide prevention in medical students.

The Buffering Effect of Perceived Parental Social Support in the Longitudinal Relationship Between Homophobic Cyberbullying and LGBTQIA Adolescents’ Health Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 027243162110367
Author(s):  
Michelle F. Wright ◽  
Sebastian Wachs
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Subjective Health Complaints ◽  
Buffering Effect ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

This 1-year longitudinal study examined the moderating effect of perceived parental social support in the associations between homophobic cyberbullying involvement (victimization and bystanding) and suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-harm, and subjective health complaints among 467 adolescents ( Mage = 13.81 years; 59% female) who identified as LGBTQIA. Results showed that homophobic cyberbullying involvement were both related positively to suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-harm, and subjective health complaints 1 year later. Parental support did not moderate the relationship between homophobic cyberbullying involvement and subjective health complaints. However, parental support moderated the relationship between homophobic cyberbullying involvement (both victimization and bystanding) and suicidal ideation and non-suicidal self-harm. Hence, the present study highlights the need for more research on homophobic cyberbullying, the crucial role parents can play in mitigating negative outcomes of involvement in homophobic cyberbullying, and the development of inclusive anti-cyberbullying prevention programs that acknowledge the needs of LGBTQIA adolescents.

scholarly journals Mediators of increased self-harm and suicidal ideation in sexual minority youth: a longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (15) ◽  
pp. 2524-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Oginni ◽  
E. J. Robinson ◽  
A. Jones ◽  
Q. Rahman ◽  
K. A. Rimes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Gender Nonconformity ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Sexual Minority Youth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

AbstractBackgroundSexual minority youth have elevated suicidal ideation and self-harm compared with heterosexual young people; however, evidence for mediating mechanisms is predominantly cross-sectional. Using a longitudinal design, we investigated self-esteem and depressive symptoms as mediators of increased rates of suicidal ideation or self-harm (SISH) among sexual minority youth, and the roles of childhood gender nonconformity (CGN) and sex as moderators of these relationships.MethodIn total, 4274 youth from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort reported sexual orientation at age 15 years, and past-year SISH at age 20 years. Self-esteem and depressive symptoms were assessed at ages 17 and 18 years, respectively. CGN was measured at 30–57 months. Covariates included sociodemographic variables and earlier measures of mediator and outcome variables. Mediation pathways were assessed using structural equation modelling.ResultsSexual minority youth (almost 12% of the sample) were three times more likely than heterosexual youth to report past-year SISH (95% confidence interval 2.43–3.64) at 20 years. Two mediation pathways were identified: a single mediator pathway involving self-esteem and a multiple-mediated pathway involving self-esteem and depressive symptoms. Although CGN was associated with past-year SISH, it did not moderate any mediation pathways and there was no evidence for moderation by sex.ConclusionsLower self-esteem and increased depressive symptoms partly explain the increased risk for later suicidal ideation and self-harm in sexual minority youth. Preventive strategies could include self-esteem-enhancing or protecting interventions, especially in female sexual minority youth, and treatment of depression.

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