scholarly journals Optimization of Pulsation Rate of the Milking System for the Mammary Gland Remodeling during Involution in Thai Crossbred Holstein Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
A. Tiantong ◽  
K. Sasiwimonrit ◽  
S. Saengwong ◽  
W. Inyawilert ◽  
A. Chaokaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Pulsation Rate

scholarly journals 0131 Mammary gland transcriptome and proteome modifications by nutrient restriction in early lactation Holstein cows challenged with intramammary lipopolysaccharide

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
K. Pawlowski ◽  
C. Chambon ◽  
C. Boby ◽  
A. de la Foye ◽  
Y. Faulconnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Nutrient Restriction ◽  
Early Lactation

scholarly journals Effect of Vacuum Level and Pulsation Parameters on Milking Efficiency and Animal Welfare of Murciano-Granadina Goats Milked in Mid-Line and Low-Line Milking Machines

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Gema Romero ◽  
Joel Bueso-Ródenas ◽  
Manuel Alejandro ◽  
Francisco Moya ◽  
José Ramón Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Vacuum Level ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Pulsation Rate ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Similar Combination

The Murciano-Granadina goat breed has been described as a slow milking breed. As milking machine parameters can affect milk extraction in terms of yield and time employed, two experiments of one-month duration were performed with 88 goats in Latin square design to find the best combination of these parameters. One of them was carried out in a mid-line milking machine and one in a low-line milking machine. For each of them, two vacuum levels (36 and 40 kPa), two pulsation rates (90 and 120 cycles/min) and two pulsator ratios (50 and 60%) were used and milking efficiency, sanitary status of the mammary gland, milk cortisol, and teat end status were evaluated. Results showed that in milking machines installed in mid- and low-line, the use of 40 kPa system vacuum, 60% pulsator ratio and 90 or 120 cycles/min pulsation rate achieved optimum milking fractioning and efficiency. In the case of low-level milking machines, a similar combination with 36 kPa not only showed worse milking fractioning values, but also provided better values of teat end status and cortisol level.

scholarly journals Suppression of lactation and acceleration of involution in the bovine mammary gland by a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

2011 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
L L Hernandez ◽  
J L Collier ◽  
A J Vomachka ◽  
R J Collier ◽  
N D Horseman
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bovine Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Protein Gene ◽  
Milk Protein Gene Expression

Serotonin (5-HT) is a homeostatic regulator of lactation. Selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are commonly prescribed pharmaceuticals that inhibit activity of the 5-HT reuptake transporter, increasing cellular exposure to 5-HT. Use of SSRIs has been shown to alter lactation performance in humans and 5-HT has been shown to reduce milk yield in cattle. However, it has not been determined how SSRI treatments affect the bovine mammary gland. We evaluated the effects of SSRI (fluoxetine (FLX)) administration on tight junctions (TJs) and milk protein gene expression in a lactogenic culture model, using primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (pBMEC). Additionally, we evaluated the effects of intramammary infusions of FLX and 5-hydroxytryptophan on milk production and TJ status in multiparous Holstein cows at dry-off. Treatment of pBMEC cultured on permeable membranes disrupted TJs, as measured by transepithelial resistance and immunostaining for zona occludens 1. Correspondingly, treatment of ‘3D’, collagen-embedded lactogenic cultures of pBMEC with FLX suppressed milk protein gene expression (α-lactalbumin and β-casein) in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, intramammary treatment of Holstein cows with FLX resulted in an accelerated rate of milk decline. Additionally, TJ permeability increased in FLX-treated animals, as measured by plasma lactose and milk Na+ and K+ levels. Results of these experiments imply that SSRI administration accelerates the rate of mammary gland involution through disassembly of TJs and inhibition of milk protein gene expression in vitro and in vivo, leading to reduction of milk yield.

The energy level of the diet in Holstein cows in the first third of lactation alters the expression of immune genes in the mammary gland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Esteban Gómez‐Martínez ◽  
Nélida Rodríguez‐Osorio ◽  
José Julián Echeverri‐Zuluaga ◽  
Albeiro López‐Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Immune Genes

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of Mammary Gland of Holstein Cows under Humid Tropical Summer Climates

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 988-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Lu ◽  
C. J. Chang ◽  
P. N. Lee ◽  
C. P. Wu ◽  
M. T. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Holstein Cows

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Fish Oil on Mammary Gland Development and Milk Production of Holstein Cow

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Javaheri Barfourooshi ◽  
Armin Towhidi ◽  
Hassan Sadeghipanah ◽  
Mahdi Zhandi ◽  
Saeed Zeinoaldini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Mammary Tissue ◽  
Gland Development

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding oil supplement on mammary gland development and milk production responses in Holstein cows. Ten multiparous Holstein cows (42.2±9.2 d before calving, 3.25±0.25 body condition score, and 620±35 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to treatments. Treatments were a diet with oil added as palm oil (PO; n=5), or fish oil (FO; n=5) given to cows until 63 d in milk. Milk yield was recorded daily, milk composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solid and somatic cell count) was measured weekly and fatty acid profiles of milk fat were determined at first and last week of the experiment. Samples of mammary tissue were obtained at 7 and 63 d in milk by biopsy gun. Tissue slides were analyzed by Image J software. Results showed that fish oil supplemented diet compared to the palm oil supplemented diet increased milk production after 6 weeks of lactation (P<0.05), content of polyunsaturated fatty acids milk fat (P<0.05) and docosahexaenoic acid (P<0.01). Moreover, n-6:n-3 ratio was decreased by fish oil supplement (P<0.05). Histological studies showed that FO increased the relative percentage of tissue area occupied by epithelial cells as well as a number of total alveoli in each microscopic field (P<0.05). Data suggested that feeding fish oil during the dry period and early lactation could improve development and function of the mammary gland in the dairy cow.

Udder characteristics and effects of pulsation rate on milking machine efficiency in donkeys

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Gabriella D‘Alessandro ◽  
Michele Mariano ◽  
Giovanni Martemucci
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pulsation Rate ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Milking Machine

Very little is known about the udder characteristics, partitioning of milk in the mammary gland and efficiency of machine milking in donkeys. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the udder and teats, milk yield in relation to pulsation rates (90, 120 and 150 cycles/min), milk partitioning in the mammary gland, composition of the spontaneously removed and residual milk fractions and milking efficiency. Forty-one healthy Martina Franca jennies in the third month of lactation and routinely milked twice daily were used in three studies. Udder characteristics were evaluated by direct measurements and ultrasonographic scanning. Residual milk was obtained by milking after an oxytocin administration (40 IU i.m.). The prevalent shapes were ‘bowl’ for udders and ‘conical’ for teats. After milking the udder characteristics decreased within a range from −11·6% (udder depth) to −25·7% (diameter of teat at the base). The internal structures of the udder resulted as several pockets of ducts empting directly into the teat. The pulsation rate of 120 cycles/min improved (P<0·05) the milk yield in comparison to the 90 and 150 cycles/min, reduced the residual milk fraction, thus improved (P<0·05) milking efficiency. Residual milk composition had higher (P<0·05) fat content and somatic cell count than the spontaneously removed milk fraction. The udders revealed several pockets of ducts empting into the teat instead of a single cisternal cavity and showed a certain compliance. The use of 120 cycles/min pulsation rate improved milking efficiency.

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