scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study to Find Prevalence and Risk Factors for Childhood Asthma in Pune City, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cheraghi ◽  
Alireza Dadgarinejad ◽  
Sundeep Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

We aimed to determine current prevalence of asthma and risk factors associated with it in Pune, India. Methods. This was a cross-sectional school-population-based study in which parents of school children aged 6-7 and 13-14 were administered an ISAAC questionnaire and an additional set of questions that detected the presence of potential risk factors known to be associated with asthma during 2008-2009 academic years. Results. Prevalence of current asthma was 6.7% (7% amongst 6-7-year olds and 6.3% amongst 13-14 year olds. Asthma was more common amongst boys (8.1%) than girls (4.9%) and more frequent in students studying in private schools (7.3%) than in those studying in public schools (5.8%). Risk factors such as family history of atopy, caesarian delivery, use of biomass fuel for cooking, absence of separate kitchen, absence of exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life, preterm birth, snoring, dampness at home, male sex, and parental smoking were significantly associated with asthma. Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of childhood asthma in Pune, India, which was associated with genetic and environmental risk factors.

Status and disparities of diabetes among urban and rural residents aged 40 years and older: insight from a population-based study in northeast China, 2017–2019

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-213755
Author(s):  
Liying Xing ◽  
Yuanmeng Tian ◽  
Li Jing ◽  
Min Lin ◽  
Zhi Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

ObjectivesTo evaluate the up-to-date epidemiology of diabetes in northeast China.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2017 and March 2019 using a multistage, stratified and cluster random sampling method. 18 796 participants (28.9% urban and 71.1% rural) aged ≥40 years were enrolled. Diabetes and pre-diabetes were diagnosed according to the history, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes was 17.1%, higher in urban than in rural residents (20.2% vs 15.8%, p<0.001). Meanwhile, the prevalence of pre-diabetes was 44.3%, higher in rural than in urban areas (49.4% vs 31.8%, p<0.001). The overall FPG and HbA1c were 6.10±1.94 mmol/L and 5.59%±1.08%. The FPG level was higher in rural area than in urban areas (6.15±1.83 mmol/L vs 5.97±2.18 mmol/L, p<0.001). Among participants with diabetes, 47.5% were aware of their diabetes condition; 39.5% were taking antidiabetic medications and 36.8% of people had their diabetes controlled. The awareness and treatment rates in rural areas were lower than those in urban areas (47.3% vs 57.5%, 34.4% vs 49.5%, p<0.001). Patients with diabetic, especially those in rural areas, tended to have multiple risk factors including hypertension (71.7%), overweight or obesity (69.6%) and dyslipidaemia (52.8%).ConclusionA considerable burden of diabetes was observed in northeast China, with high percentage of untreated diabetes, high prevalence of pre-diabetes, high overall FPG level and multiple uncontrolled risk factors in patients with diabetics. Therefore, region-specific strategies on prevention and management of diabetes should be emphasised.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS INFLUENCING ENTEROCOLITIS DEVELOPMENT IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH HIRSCHSPRUNG’S DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Andro Pramana Witarto ◽  
Alpha Fardah Athiyyah ◽  
I.G.B. Adria Hariastawa ◽  
I Gusti Made Reza Gunadi Ranuh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hirschsprung's Disease ◽  
Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

Background: Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is one of the worst and most common complications of Hirschsprung’s disease (HD). The mortality rate of HD patients with enterocolitis is still considered to be higher compared to that of those without enterocolitis. Purpose: This study aimed to identify and evaluate potential risk factors for HAEC development. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the medical records of HD patients treated from January 2015 to September 2018 at Regional Public Hospital (RSUD) Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya. The inclusion criteria were HD patients who had or had not experienced enterocolitis. The analysis was done by comparing the presence of risk factors between groups of HD patients with and without preoperative and/or postoperative HAEC. The results were presented as the median value and frequency. To evaluate further, a prevalence ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval was performed. The Mann–Whitney U test was also performed with a significance level of p < 0.05 for one factor: length of aganglionic intestinal segments. Results: This study showed that 12 of the 40 HD patients studied (30%) had experienced enterocolitis. The risk of developing HAEC was associated with patients who had a history of previous enterocolitis (PR 6.60 [2.94 < PR < 14.80]). Regarding surgical details, patients who had had surgery only once (31.30% compared to 14.30%), surgery with one surgical method (29.40% compared to 20.00%), and a primary procedure had a higher incidence of HAEC (29.40% compared to 27.30%). Conclusion: HD patients with a history of previous enterocolitis were found to have a higher risk of developing HAEC.

scholarly journals Periodontal diseases and potential risk factors in Egyptian adult population—Results from a national cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258958
Author(s):  
Reham Khaled Abou El Fadl ◽  
Mona Ahmed Abdel Fattah ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed Helmi ◽  
Mariem Osama Wassel ◽  
Amira Saad Badran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

Background Despite the interdependence of general and periodontal health, there is paucity of national representative data on the prevalence of periodontal diseases and their associated risk factors in Egyptian population. This cross-sectional study, thus, aimed to assess the prevalence of periodontitis and tooth loss among Egyptian adults and investigate the association between potential risk factors and periodontal diseases. Methods A total of 5,954 adults aged ≥ 20 years were included in this study as a subsample from Egypt’s national oral health survey. Periodontitis was diagnosed with Community Periodontal Index ‘CPI’ scores ≥3 and tooth loss not due to caries was included in the analysis. Socio-demographic data and information on behavioral factors and history of diabetes were gathered in a face-to-face interview. Logistic regression was done to interpret the impact of potential predictors on the incidence of the two selected outcome variables. Results The overall prevalence of periodontitis was 26% and regression analysis revealed that higher odds of periodontitis existed among illiterate participants (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.40–2.17), smokers (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.69–2.20) and rural residents (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.03–1.30). On the other hand, old age, frequency of dental attendance and history of diabetes were the main predictive factors for tooth loss. Conclusions Among Egyptian adults, periodontal diseases were strongly associated with a multitude of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors and inequalities in distribution of periodontal treatment needs were determined mainly by age, gender, level of education and residency location.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Risk Factors Among Women With Osteoporosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Dalibor Stajic ◽  
Sandra Zivanovic ◽  
Ana Miric ◽  
Marija Sekulic ◽  
Nela Djonovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disorder that can be influenced by many different factors. A cross-sectional study has been conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence of risk factors as well as to identify the possible causes of improvement of the disease. Th e study population consisted of 97 women older than 35 who had previously been diagnosed with osteoporosis. Dualenergy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan was used to determine bone mineral density (BMD) in order to assess the current state of the disease. Th e participants were asked to complete a standardized IOF (International Osteoporosis Foundation) questionnaire. According to BMD measurements, 24.7% of women had normal bone density while 18.6% had T-score lower than -2.5. Th ere was a statistically significant correlation between T-score and the history of previous bone fractures. Besides, a relatively high prevalence of certain risk factors (such as underweight, early menopause, oophorectomy, thyroid and parathyroid disorders etc.) was observed in woman with osteoporosis

Risk factors for chronic venous disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 416-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
H D Vlajinac ◽  
Ð J Radak ◽  
J M Marinković ◽  
M Ž Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Objective Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a common problem in developing and developed countries. Methods A cross-sectional study, conducted in two major towns in Serbia, comprised 3225 subjects over 18 years old, enrolled in the survey consecutively by general practitioners (GPs) within their normal framework. Diagnosis of CVD was made by GPs on the basis of symptoms and visual examination. Data on potential risk factors were collected by the use of a questionnaire. Results The prevalence of CVD was significantly higher in women (73.7%) than in men (70.1%), although severe forms of CVD were significantly more frequent in men. Risk factors for CVD were age, body mass index ≥25.00 kg/m2, family history of CVD, history of blood clots in veins and ever-smoking in both sexes, and menopause, increased number of child births and physical inactivity in women. Conclusion The results obtained suggest the possibility of CVD prevention by modification of some behavioural risk factors.

Paroxysmal finger haematoma - a benign acrosyndrome occurring in middle-aged women

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick H. Carpentier ◽  
Hildegard R. Maricq ◽  
Christine Biro ◽  
Myriam Jiguet ◽  
Christophe Seinturier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Evaluation ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Paroxysmal finger haematoma (PFH) is an under-recognised vascular acrosyndrome with no epidemiological description to date. The aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and clinical correlates of PFH in a population-based sample of subjects and to describe their semiological characteristics. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study of random samples of the general population in three geographic areas of France involved 802 subjects, 548 women and 254 men, aged 18 to 84 years. The diagnosis of PFH was made from a report by the subject of a history of recurrent haematoma in the fingers with a sudden, painful and unexpected occurrence. Diagnosis of associated conditions and evaluation of lifestyle variables were obtained through standardised medical interview and examination. Results: A history of PFH was detected in 71 subjects, with a prevalence of 1.2 % in men and 12.4 % in women; there was no significant regional variation. Onset before 40 years of age was rare. Besides female sex and age, no socio-economical nor lifestyle risk factors were detected. PFH was associated with Raynaud phenomenon and a history of chilblains, but no link with any health threatening disease was found. In addition to the sudden onset of pain and hematoma, the main clinical features were a frequent digital swelling during the painful attack, and their predominant location on the volar side of the first and second phalanges of the third or second fingers of the dominant hand. Conclusions: PFH is a benign phenomenon, frequently found in middle-aged women, to be classified among the vascular acrosyndromes. Patients seeking medical evaluation for this disorder should be reassured.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of erectile dysfunction in Santos, southeastern Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Duarte Moreira Júnior ◽  
Walter Jorge Bestane ◽  
Elaine Bestane Bartolo ◽  
João Antônio Saraiva Fittipaldi
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

CONTEXT: Recent population-based surveys suggest that the prevalence of erectile dysfunction is between 30% and 56% among men over the age of 40. Most of these studies, however, are from the United States or Europe. We need estimates of erectile dysfunction from samples of Brazilian populations, as societies that differ ethnically, culturally, and economically may also differ with respect to potential risk factors for erectile dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its potential correlates. SETTING: Santos, State of São Paulo. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A population-based sample of men aged 40-70 years. Out of 718 men invited, 342 (47.6%) returned a completed questionnaire. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Data on demographic variables, medical history, lifestyle habits and degree of erectile dysfunction. RESULTS: The prevalence of any degree of erectile dysfunction was 45.9% (minimal, 33.9%; moderate, 8.5%; complete, 3.5%) and increased with age. In bivariate age-adjusted analyses comparing men with no erectile dysfunction or minimal erectile dysfunction with those with moderate or complete erectile dysfunction, histories of diabetes or hypertension, depressive symptoms, heavy smoking and obesity were significantly associated with increased prevalence of erectile dysfunction, whereas moderate alcohol consumption was inversely associated with erectile dysfunction. In the multivariate model, age was a strong predictor of erectile dysfunction, while history of diabetes or hypertension and heavy smoking remained significantly associated with increased prevalence of erectile dysfunction. CONCLUSION: We found higher prevalence of erectile dysfunction (45.9%) among men older than 40 years old in Brazil. The variables associated with erectile dysfunction may alert physicians to patients who are at risk of erectile dysfunction as well as offer clues to the etiology of erectile dysfunction. Physicians should routinely ask their patients about sexual health and erectile dysfunction.

scholarly journals Determination of Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Crimean–Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in the Endemic Region in Turkey: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rıza Çıtıl ◽  
Mücahit Eğri ◽  
Yalçın Önder ◽  
Fazilet Duygu ◽  
Yunus Emre Bulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Objectives. Turkey is one of the countries that has the most cases of CCHF in recent years among the endemic countries. The disease also poses an important health threat with high mortality rate. The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of CCHF in adults aged ≥20 years in Tokat in the endemic region, Turkey. Methods. In this population-based cross-sectional study, a total of 85 Family Medicine Units (FMUs), from over 170 in Tokat, were randomly selected using 50% sampling. The sample size was determined among the subjects aged ≥20 who registered with the FMUs, due to gender, age group, and the urban/rural population size of Tokat using the stratified cluster sampling method. Subjects were invited to the FMUs. A questionnaire was performed face to face. The blood samples were taken, and anti-CCHFV IgG antibodies were measured with ELISA method. Results. 1272 (54.9%) out of 2319 participants were female, and the mean age was 47.3 ± 15.3. Anti-CCHFV IgG seropositivity was 5.6% (n = 130). Seropositivity rates in terms of adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were higher 2.53 times (95% CI: 1.57–4.08; p = 0.001 ) in males; 4.05 (95% CI: 2.14–7.65; p < 0.001 ) in age group ≥65; 0.33 (95% CI: 0.14–0.76; p < 0.001 ) in graduates of high school and above; 0.71 (95%CI: 0.33–1.52; p < 0.001 ) in ones with good income; 1.84 (95%CI: 1.18–2.86; p < 0.001 ) in farmers; 1.64 (95% CI: 1.04–2.27; p < 0.001 ) in people dealing with animal husbandry; and 1.02 (95% CI: 1.03–2.29; p < 0.001 ) in those with history of tick contact. Conclusions. CCHF seroprevalence is still a common public health problem in Tokat, Turkey. Male gender, advanced age group, low-educated, low-income, farmers, animal husbandry, and history of tick contact were found to be risk factors for CCHF. The importance of this kind of community-based studies to identify the seroprevalence in regional and national level increases even more.

scholarly journals An epidemiological study into risk factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among young and adult population in rural Pondicherry, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Shib Sekhar Datta ◽  
R. Rupesh Kanna ◽  
Surendar Rangaswamy ◽  
Rajkumar S.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extramarital Relationship

Background: Suicide is one of the major public health problems in low and middle income countries. However, information about causes and risk factors are insufficient. Objectives of the study were to find out prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among young and adult population in rural Pondicherry and to analyse the risk factors qualitatively.Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 18-44 years’ population in rural Pondicherry during January to June 2012. Total 200 subjects were interviewed by house to house visit. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, concurrent illness, family and personal history were obtained. Factors contributing to suicidal ideation and attempt were collected through FGDs, free listing and pile sorting exercise. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Qualitative data analyzed using Anthropac 4.98.1/X software.Results: 8% subjects had ever attempted and 7.5% had ideas of suicide. Suicidal ideation/ attempt were more among males and 36-45 years group. Physical disability, infertility/sterility and chronic illness were significantly associated with suicidal ideation or attempt. Family dispute, history of beaten by spouse and family history of suicide/attempt was significantly associated with ideation. Alcoholism, failed relationship, physical abuses were strongly associated with ideas of suicide or attempt. Risk factors for males include failed relationships, more than one wife, family dispute, alcoholism etc. Risk factors for females include failed relationship, poor performance in exam, quarrel with friends, unemployment, alcoholic husband, pressure for dowry, extramarital relationship by husband etc.Conclusions: Suicidal attempt and ideation rates were high in study area and demand population based mental health interventions to reduce population suicide rates.

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