Building Trust and Respecting Suspicion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina F. Bendix ◽  
Kilian Bizer ◽  
Dorothy Noyes
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Differential Identity ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Interdisciplinary Project ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Shared Time ◽  
Real Assets

Interdisciplinary success depends on participant willingness to take intellectual and professional risks. This chapter applies economistic accounts of trust and risk to the academic marketplace, with attention to inequality and differential identity. The economist's game experiments provide a productive analogy for the interdisciplinary project, a similarly reduced and temporary situation, though with real assets risked and payoffs envisioned. In the opening stages of a project, differences of disposition become apparent, heightening both social and intellectual suspicion. But the legitimate academic ethos of suspicion--taking no idea unexamined, including the slogan-concept of trust itself--must be balanced with a leap of faith in collaboration. Shared time, sociability, and explicit commitments can cultivate interpersonal trust that will increase risk tolerance at the higher levels.

From Interpersonal Trust to Security Communities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Democratic Peace ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Community Theory ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
The Relationship

The previous chapter showed the limits of ‘incrementalist’ theories of trust-building when it comes to the building of trust and the accurate interpretation of signals. This chapter examines what identity-based approaches to trust can contribute to the challenge of building trust between two enemies. The chapter examines security community theory and democratic peace theory. It argues that neither of these identity-based approaches has a persuasive causal mechanism for how trust develops. There is imprecision in these theories as to the relationship between trust and identity. What unites both approaches is their neglect of interpersonal relationships and the trust that can emerge from this.

scholarly journals Influence of Investors’ Preference towards SBI Mutual Fund in Chennai City

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S3) ◽  
pp. 158-160
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Mutual Fund ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Small Investors ◽  
Chennai City ◽  
Real Assets

In India, the savings from individual households contribute a large share in the capital appreciation. There are various ways such as purchase of real assets, Shares, stocks and securities in which the savings can be invested. Mutual Funds play a predominant role in collecting the funds from small investors and invest in balanced portfolio of securities. Investors have completely different outlook while they choose of investing in a specific avenue. The primary objective of investor is to safeguard his saving in safer and liquid investment opportunity taking into account his anticipation and his risk tolerance capacity. Hence, an attempt is made to identify the preferential attitude of investors and its influence on SBI mutual fund schemes taking into account social economic individual saving habit, social, economic, individual savings pattern and the level of confidence on investment schemes.

Building trust and diversity in patient-centered oncology clinical trials: An integrated model

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thelma C Hurd ◽  
Charles D Kaplan ◽  
Elise D Cook ◽  
Janice A Chilton ◽  
Jay S Lytton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Trial Participation ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Building Trust

Background/aims: Trust is the cornerstone of clinical trial recruitment and retention. Efforts to decrease barriers and increase clinical trial participation among diverse populations have yielded modest results. There is an urgent need to better understand the complex interactions between trust and clinical trial participation. The process of trust-building has been a focus of intense research in the business community. Yet, little has been published about trust in oncology clinical trials or the process of building trust in clinical trials. Both clinical trials and business share common dimensions. Business strategies for building trust may be transferable to the clinical trial setting. This study was conducted to understand and utilize contemporary thinking about building trust to develop an Integrated Model of Trust that incorporates both clinical and business perspectives. Methods: A key word–directed literature search of the PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, and Google Search databases for entries dated between 1 January 1985 and 1 September 2015 was conducted to obtain information from which to develop an Integrated Model of Trust. Results: Successful trial participation requires both participants and clinical trial team members to build distinctly different types of interpersonal trust to effect recruitment and retention. They are built under conditions of significant emotional stress and time constraints among people who do not know each other and have never worked together before. Swift Trust and Traditional Trust are sequentially built during the clinical trial process. Swift trust operates during the recruitment and very early active treatment phases of the clinical trial process. Traditional trust is built over time and operates during the active treatment and surveillance stages of clinical trials. The Psychological Contract frames the participants’ and clinical trial team members’ interpersonal trust relationship. The “terms” of interpersonal trust are negotiated through the psychological contract. Contract renegotiation occurs in response to cyclical changes within the trust relationship throughout trial participation. Conclusion: The Integrated Model of Trust offers a novel framework to interrogate the process by which diverse populations and clinical trial teams build trust. To our knowledge, this is the first model of trust-building in clinical trials that frames trust development through integrated clinical and business perspectives. By focusing on the process, rather than outcomes of trust-building diverse trial participants, clinical trials teams, participants, and cancer centers may be able to better understand, measure, and manage their trust relationships in real time. Ultimately, this may foster increased recruitment and retention of diverse populations to clinical trials.

scholarly journals Soccer and Stock Market Risk: Empirical Evidence from the Istanbul Stock Exchange

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hakan Berument ◽  
Nildag Basak Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Market Returns ◽  
Stock Market Returns ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Sport Events

There is an emerging but important literature on the effects of sport events such as soccer on stock market returns. After a soccer team's win, agents discount future events more favorably and increase risk tolerance. Similarly, after a loss, risk tolerance decreases. This paper directly assesses risk tolerance after a sports event by using daily data from the three major soccer teams in Turkey (Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray). Results provide evidence that risk tolerance increases after a win, but similar patterns were not found after a loss.

Establishing Trust via Technology: Long Distance Practices and Pitfalls

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Naquin ◽  
Gaylen Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Building Rapport ◽  
E Mail

AbstractGlobal negotiators often depend upon communication technologies to convey information and strike deals. Unfortunately, negotiations conducted via more "lean" media (e.g., e-mail, telephone) have been associated with low levels of trust and difficulties in reaching agreements. We explore two approaches to building trust while communicating via the internet. Derived from the literature on interpersonal trust, negotiators were asked to adopt one of two strategies. The first was to build personal rapport. The second was to discuss ground rules and procedures for the negotiation. Negotiators who spent time building rapport reported greater levels of trust, and were more confident and satisfied with their outcomes. These perceptions were evident even though outcomes were comparable across conditions. The most negatively perceived negotiations were those that included rules discussions without the benefit of rapport. Implications of these findings for theory and practice are discussed.

Temperamental and behavioral characteristics during adolescence mediate associations between polygenic risk for internalizing and externalizing traits with cannabis use in young adulthood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Brick ◽  
Chelsie Benca-Bachman ◽  
Lauren Bertin ◽  
Kathleen P Martin ◽  
Victoria Rinser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Studies ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Disruptive Disorders ◽  
Polygenic Scores ◽  
Increase Risk

Background: Cannabis use (CU) is an etiologically complex behavior with several social, temperamental, neurocognitive, and behavioral precursors. Biometrical and molecular studies suggest an interplay of environmental and pleiotropic genetic influences. However, it remains unclear whether identified genetic effects related to behavioral and temperamental characteristics have developmentally direct or indirect mechanisms on CU behavior. The Transmissible Liability Index (TLI) is a measure of continuous liability based on developmental precursors of substance use disorders (e.g., antisocial behavior, disruptive disorders, disinhibited personality traits, internalizing/externalizing characteristics) and may play a role in understanding genetic risk for CU.Methods: We interrogated the polygenic effects of several internalizing/externalizing behaviors on the TLI (derived from adolescent traits and behaviors) and CU (initiation and repeated use) in emerging adulthood using a homogeneous sample of 4077 individuals of European Ancestry. Summary statistics from discovery genome-wide association studies of cannabis use, risk tolerance, neuroticism, anxiety, and depression were used to construct polygenic scores (PGSs) that were used to predict CU. Mediation analyses assessed whether behavioral and temperamental traits exhibited during adolescence, as captured via the TLI, accounted for the association between PGSs and CU.Results: The marker-based heritability of TLI, CU initiation, and repeated CU were modest (14%, p=0.033; 15%, p=0.025; and 17%, p=0.008, respectively). TLI and repeated CU were genetically correlated (0.76, p=0.033). Among the PGSs, risk tolerance, neuroticism, and depression were associated with higher TLI. Mediation analyses indicated significant, but very modest, indirect effects of risk tolerance and depression on repeated CU. Conclusions: Adolescent behavioral and temperamental characteristics are early indicators of repeated cannabis use in adulthood. Polygenic risk for cannabis use does not appear to increase risk for later cannabis use. Polygenic risk for internalizing/externalizing traits may act through behaviors and traits exhibited during adolescence (i.e., the transmissible liability index) to increase risk for cannabis use.

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