THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE COST AND CAPACITY SHOCKS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney P Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Care ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The World ◽  
High Utilization ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Area Health

The financial and capacity pressures experienced by hospitals and social care organisations are far higher than has been realized. End-of-life is a time of high utilization of acute and social care. The absolute number of deaths (and its year-to-year variation) then acts to drive the marginal pressures in both capacity and costs for these organisations. Higher weighted population density is associated with higher year-to-year volatility in deaths, hospital admissions and sickness absence, which seems to work via a multitude of (local) infectious outbreaks from the >2,000 known species of human pathogens. The funding formulae used to distribute money to area health boards and social care organisations around the world do not generally contain any recognition for the role of the absolute number of deaths in the costs incurred by such organisations. A far more nuanced approach is required by governments around the world to equalising these pressures which are beyond the control of the organisations involved in delivering health and social care.

Practices of inclusion for carers who are higher education students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Taylor ◽  
Paula Gleeson ◽  
Tania Teague ◽  
Michelle DiGiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Students With A Disability ◽  
Crucial Part

The role of unpaid and informal care is a crucial part of the health and social care system in Australia and internationally. As carers in Australia have received statutory recognition, concerted efforts to foster engagement in carer participation in work and education has followed. However, little is known about the strategies and policies that higher education institutions have implemented to support the inclusion of carers. This study has three components: first, it employs a review of evidence for interventions to support to support carers; second, it reviews existing higher education institutions’ policies to gauge the extent of inclusive support made available to student carers, and; third it conducts interviews with staff from five higher education institutions with concerted carer policies in Australia were held to discuss their institutions’ policies, and experiences as practitioners of carer inclusion and support. Results indicate difficulty in identifying carers to offer support services, the relatively recent measures taken to accommodate carers in higher education, extending similar measures which are in place for students with a disability, and difficulties accommodating flexibility in rigid institutional settings. A synthesis of these findings were used to produce a framework of strategies, policies and procedures of inclusion to support carers in higher education.

scholarly journals The value of psychiatrists in leadership and management

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Perry ◽  
Fiona L. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Social Care ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Management Styles ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Medical Leadership ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Organisational Level

SummaryThe health and social care landscape in the UK is changing, and there is now, more than ever, a real need for doctors to embrace leadership and management. Evidence shows that medical leadership is associated with better outcomes for patients. Psychiatrists are particularly well suited to such roles, given the interpersonal skills and self-awareness that they develop in their training. In this article, we examine the role of the psychiatrist in leading at a patient, team and organisational level and the impact this has. We also discuss different leadership and management styles.

scholarly journals Maudsley International: improving mental health and well-being around the world

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Bouras ◽  
Silvia Davey ◽  
Tracey Power ◽  
Jonathan Rolfe ◽  
Tom Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Building Capacity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
And Training

Maudsley International was set up to help improve people's mental health and well-being around the world. A variety of programmes have been developed by Maudsley International over the past 10 years, for planning and implementing services; building capacity; and training and evaluation to support organisations and individuals, professionals and managers to train and develop health and social care provisions. Maudsley International's model is based on collaboration, sharing expertise and cultural understanding with international partners.

scholarly journals Maternal mortality in the developing world: why do mothers really die?

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwyneth Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Death Certificate ◽  
Social Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The World

Every year some eight million women suffer preventable or remediable pregnancy-related complications and over half a million will die unnecessarily. Most of these deaths could be averted at little or no extra cost, even where resources are limited, but in order to take action, and develop and implement changes to maternity services to save mothers and newborns lives, a change in cultural attitudes and political will, as well as improvements in the provision of health and social care, is required. Further, to aid programme planners, more in-depth information than that which may already be available through national statistics on maternal mortality rates or death certificate data is urgently needed. What is required is an in-depth understanding of the clinical, social, cultural or any other underlying factors which lead to mothers' deaths. Such information can be obtained by using any of the five methodologies outlined in the World Health Organizations programme and philosophy for maternal death or disability reviews, ‘Beyond the Numbers’, briefly described here and which are now being introduced in a number of countries around the world.

scholarly journals Reducing the Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia: WHO Recommendations

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neerja Chowdhary ◽  
Corrado Barbui ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey ◽  
Miia Kivipelto ◽  
Mariagnese Barbera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The World

With population ageing worldwide, dementia poses one of the greatest global challenges for health and social care in the 21st century. In 2019, around 55 million people were affected by dementia, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries. Dementia leads to increased costs for governments, communities, families and individuals. Dementia is overwhelming for the family and caregivers of the person with dementia, who are the cornerstone of care and support systems throughout the world. To assist countries in addressing the global burden of dementia, the World Health Organisation (WHO) developed the Global Action Plan on the Public Health Response to Dementia 2017–2025. It proposes actions to be taken by governments, civil society, and other global and regional partners across seven action areas, one of which is dementia risk reduction. This paper is based on WHO Guidelines on risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia and presents recommendations on evidence-based, multisectoral interventions for reducing dementia risks, considerations for their implementation and policy actions. These global evidence-informed recommendations were developed by WHO, following a rigorous guideline development methodology and involved a panel of academicians and clinicians with multidisciplinary expertise and representing geographical diversity. The recommendations are considered under three broad headings: lifestyle and behaviour interventions, interventions for physical health conditions and specific interventions. By supporting health and social care professionals, particularly by improving their capacity to provide gender and culturally appropriate interventions to the general population, the risk of developing dementia can be potentially reduced, or its progression delayed.

scholarly journals Estimating the number of undetected COVID-19 cases among travellers from mainland China

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Bhatia ◽  
Natsuko Imai ◽  
Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg ◽  
Marc Baguelin ◽  
Adhiratha Boonyasiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
The World ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Country Specific

Background: As of August 2021, every region of the world has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with more than 196,000,000 cases worldwide. Methods: We analysed COVID-19 cases among travellers from mainland China to different regions and countries, comparing the region- and country-specific rates of detected and confirmed cases per flight volume to estimate the relative sensitivity of surveillance in different regions and countries. Results: Although travel restrictions from Wuhan City and other cities across China may have reduced the absolute number of travellers to and from China, we estimated that up to 70% (95% CI: 54% - 80%) of imported cases could remain undetected relative to the sensitivity of surveillance in Singapore. The percentage of undetected imported cases rises to 75% (95% CI 66% - 82%) when comparing to the surveillance sensitivity in multiple countries. Conclusions: Our analysis shows that a large number of COVID-19 cases remain undetected across the world. These undetected cases potentially resulted in multiple chains of human-to-human transmission outside mainland China.

scholarly journals Refugee-like migrants have similar health needs to refugees: a New Zealand post-settlement cohort study

BJGP Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen20X101013
Author(s):  
Jonathan Donald Kennedy ◽  
Serena Moran ◽  
Sue Garrett ◽  
James Stanley ◽  
Jenny Visser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Primary Care Practice ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Health And Social Care

BackgroundRefugees and asylum seekers have specific health and social care needs on arrival in a resettlement country. A third group — migrants with a refugee-like background (refugee-like migrants) — are less well defined or understood.AimUsing routinely collected data, this study compared demographics, interpreter need, and healthcare utilisation for cohorts of refugee-like migrants and refugees.Design & settingA retrospective cohort study was undertaken in Wellington, New Zealand.MethodData were obtained for refugee-like migrants and refugees accepted under the national quota system (quota refugees), who enrolled in a New Zealand primary care practice between 2011 and 2015. Data from the primary care practice and nationally held hospital and outpatient service databases, were analysed. Age and sex standardisation adjusted for possible differences in cohort demographic profiles.ResultsThe cohorts were similar in age, sex, deprivation, and interpreter need. Refugee-like migrants were found to have similar, but not identical, health and social care utilisation to quota refugees. Primary care nurse utilisation was higher for refugee-like migrants. Clinical entries in the primary care patient record were similar in rate for the cohorts. Emergency department utilisation and hospital admissions were similar. Hospital outpatient utilisation was lower for refugee-like migrants.ConclusionThis research suggests that health, social care, and other resettlement services should be aligned for refugee-like migrants and quota refugees. This would mean that countries accepting quota refugees should plan for health and social care needs of subsequent refugee-like migrant family migration. Further research should investigate matched larger-scale national health and immigration datasets, and qualitatively explore factors influencing health-seeking behaviour of refugee-like migrants.

scholarly journals The Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Older Adults’ Decision-Making Related to Health, and Health and Social Care Services in Daily Life—A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Susanna Nordin ◽  
Jodi Sturge ◽  
Maria Ayoub ◽  
Allyson Jones ◽  
Kevin McKee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Information And Communication

Information and communication technology (ICT) can potentially support older adults in making decisions and increase their involvement in decision-making processes. Although the range of technical products has expanded in various areas of society, knowledge is lacking on the influence that ICT has on older adults’ decision-making in everyday situations. Based on the literature, we aimed to provide an overview of the role of ICT in home-dwelling older adults’ decision-making in relation to health, and health and social care services. A scoping review of articles published between 2010 and 2020 was undertaken by searching five electronic databases. Finally, 12 articles using qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method designs were included. The articles were published in journals representing biology and medicine, nursing, informatics, and computer science. A majority of the articles were published in the last five years, and most articles came from European countries. The results are presented in three categories: (i) form and function of ICT for decision-making, (ii) perceived value and effect of ICT for decision-making, and (iii) factors influencing ICT use for decision-making. According to our findings, ICT for decision-making in relation to health, and health and social care services was more implicitly described than explicitly described, and we conclude that more research on this topic is needed. Future research should engage older adults and health professionals in developing technology based on their needs. Further, factors that influence older adults’ use of ICT should be evaluated to ensure that it is successfully integrated into their daily lives.

Role of the Single Assessment Process in the Care of Older People. How Will Primary Dental Care Practitioners be Involved?

2006 ◽  
Vol os13 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Lane ◽  
Jennifer E Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
National Service Framework ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
One Stop

Following the publication of the National Service Framework for Older People, there have been developments across health and social care to facilitate holistic assessment of older people's needs, through what is called a ‘single assessment process’ or ‘SAP’. In this paper, readers are introduced to the SAP. The process can be seen as a ‘one-stop’ approach to the assessment of vulnerable older people that facilitates cross-referral between the agencies involved and triggers access to dental care. The paper explores the benefits of this new way of working in support of older people and how it will provide an opportunity for innovative dental practitioners to integrate oral healthcare for people with complex health and social care needs into the SAP. In concludes that as local commissioning evolves, opportunities for practitioners to develop targeted services for this important patient group should be expanded to improve the uptake of healthcare and oral healthcare.

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