scholarly journals Methane production by in vitro ruminal fermentation of feed ingredients

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Homem Junior ◽  
Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel ◽  
Vanessa Ruiz Fávaro ◽  
Marco Túlio Costa Almeida ◽  
Josimari Regina Paschoaloto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Crude Glycerin ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Corn Grain

This study investigates the methane and carbon dioxide gas production, dry matter degradation, and final pH values obtained during the in vitro incubation of corn grain, soybean hulls, citrus pulp, corn silage, and crude glycerin. Experiments were performed using a randomized block design with four incubation periods. Each period featured four replicates per ingredient and four blanks, totaling 16 repetitions per ingredient. The lowest total amount of produced gas (37.96 mL gincubated DM-1) and the lowest final pH value (4.95) were obtained for crude glycerin (P < 0.05), which, however, exhibited the highest (P < 0.05) DM degradation. Citrus pulp produced the largest amount (P < 0.05) of CH4 per gram of incubated DM (13.56 mL g-1). However, when methane production was expressed per gram of degraded feed, the ingredients with lower degradation values, such as soybean hulls and corn silage, produced more CH4 per gram of degraded DM. Citrus pulp and corn grain produced more (P < 0.05) CO2 per gram of incubated DM. However, per gram of degraded food, citrus pulp produced the largest amount of CO2 (P < 0.05). Crude glycerin and corn grain produced less methane (per gram of degraded feed) than citrus pulp, soybean hulls, and corn silage. Differentiation of ingredients based on their methane production ability is important to express methane production per unit degraded food mass.

scholarly journals Assessing the nutritional value of agroindustrial co-products and feed through chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, and gas production technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Martins Olivo ◽  
Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos ◽  
Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo ◽  
Ranulfo Combuca da Silva Junior ◽  
Eduardo Souza Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Citrus Pulp

Agroindustrial co-products are a viable alternative for use in animal nutrition. Tests were conducted using eight different types of co-products and feed to evaluate the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, and gas production by them. The co-products tested were: coffee hulls; pelleted citrus pulp; grape residue; soybean hulls; cottonseed; cassava foliage; and foods usually supplied to ruminants: corn silage and ground corn concentrate. Data of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber were tested by analysis of variance using the least square method; the results of gas production were interpreted by a non-linear regression by the Gauss-Newton method; and the effects of treatments were evaluated by the Tukey’s test. The coefficients of in vitro digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber of co-products were different. Gas production was also different between co-products and feeds evaluated for the volume of gas produced from the fast and slow degradation fractions, degradation rate, bacterial colonization time, and the total volume of gas produced. The evaluated co-products exhibited greater in vitro dry matter digestibility compared to corn silage, except for cottonseed, grape residue, and cassava foliage. Co-products showed higher values of in vitro crude protein digestibility compared to corn silage, and a reduced in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, except for pelleted citrus pulp and soybean hulls. Corn silage produced larger volume of gas from the fast degradation fraction compared to the co-products and corn concentrate. Co-products analyzed had appropriate nutritional characteristics according to the techniques applied and can be included in ruminant diets. 

332 Effect of Chemical and Biological Preservatives on in vitro Fermentation and Methane Production of Ensiled and Aerobically Exposed Wet Brewer’s Grains

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
Marjorie A Killerby ◽  
Diego Zamudio ◽  
Kaycee Ames ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Thomas Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Production System ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
System Data

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of preservatives on the in vitro fermentation measures of wet brewer’s grain (WBG) silage at different stages of storage. Treatments (TRT) were sodium lignosulfonate at 1% (NaL1) and 2% (NaL2; w/w of fresh WBG), propionic acid (PRP; 0.5% w/w of fresh WBG), a combination inoculant (INO; Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus buchneri each at 4.9 log cfu/fresh WBG g), and untreated WBG (CON). WBG (Fresh) were packed into 8.8 L mini-silos and stored for 60 d at 21°C (Ensiled), then they were opened and aerobically exposed for 10d (AES). Samples from each stage of storage (STG; Fresh, Ensiled and AES) were analyzed for in vitro ruminal digestibility (24 h).Gas kinetics were recorded using the Ankom RF Gas Production System. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design (5 blocks) with a 5 (TRT) × 3 (STG) factorial arrangement. Apparent in vitro DM digestibility (DMD) decreased across STG, (51.5, 47.2 and 40.9 for Fresh, Ensiled and AES, respectively) and increased for NaL1, NaL2 and PRP (~47.8) vs. CON (43.0 ± 2.12%). PRP increased apparent in vitro OM digestibility (OMD) when Ensiled (54.5) and NaL2 increased it for AES (47.1) vs CON (46.3 and 39.9 ± 1.73%, respectively). The asymptotic maximal (M) and rate (k) of gas production decreased across STG (214.6, 181.5, 155.1 and 14.6, 12.6, and 9.8, for Fresh, Ensiled and AES, respectively). PRP increased (200.0) and NaL1 decreased (169.3) M vs. CON (183.9± 7.81ml/incubated DM g), while NaL1 and NaL2 (~11.4) decreased k vs. CON (13.4 ± 0.85%/h). Methane concentration and yield were higher in Fresh vs. other STG (0.94 vs. ~0.84 ± 0.07mM and 0.27 vs. ~0.23 ± 0.03mmol/g fermented OM). Spoilage of WBG decreases fermentability and methane production while PRP and NaL improve digestibility with the former also increasing M and k.

scholarly journals Inclusion of crude glycerin with different roughages changes ruminal parameters and in vitro gas production from beef cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 889-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josimari Regina Paschoaloto ◽  
Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel ◽  
Marco Túlio Costa Almeida ◽  
Vanessa Ruiz Fávaro ◽  
Antonio Carlos Homem Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Crude Glycerin ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Nellore Cattle

ABSTRACT: The increasing availability of crude glycerin from biodiesel production has generated great stock in the industries. To solve this problem, crude glycerin is being used as an energy source to replace corn in livestock diets. This study evaluated the effects of the association of crude glycerin (10% on DM of diets) with different roughages in Nellore cattle diets on ruminal pH and ammonia, degradability, digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, and greenhouse gas production. Six ruminally cannulated Nellore steers were assigned to a 6×6 Latin square design. The following treatments were evaluated: Hydrolyzed Sugarcane associated or not with crude glycerin, Corn Silage associated or not with crude glycerin or Tifton-85 Hay associated or not with crude glycerin. Association of crude glycerin with roughages did not affect the rumen ammonia concentration and pH and dry matter intake, but reduced the intake of NDF for diets with Hydrolyzed Sugarcane and Corn Silage and reduced the digestibility of DM, OM, NDF, EE, CNF and starch and decreased the effective degradation at the rate of 8% h-1 for diets with Tifton-85 Hay. The association crude glycerin with Hydrolyzed Sugarcane reduced the production of CH4 and CO2 in mL g-1 of DM. The inclusion of crude glycerin affects differently nutrient utilization in diets with Corn Silage, Hydrolyzed Sugarcane or Tifton-85 hay. Moreover, promotes mitigation of greenhouse gases in diets with Hydrolyzed Sugarcane. Association of crude glycerin with Corn Silage in Nellore cattle diets showed better conditions of ruminal fermentation and utilization of nutrients.

scholarly journals Fermentation kinetics and ruminal parameters of animals fed diets containing Brazil nut cake inclusion levels

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1605
Author(s):  
Juliana Cristina de Castro Budel ◽  
Aline Fernanda Oliveira de Ramos ◽  
Geisielly Sousa Araújo ◽  
Alyne Cristina Sodré Lima ◽  
Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics

The inclusion effect of 0 (control), 15, 30, 45, 60, and 100% dry matter (DM) of Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.) cake (BNC) aiming at replacing corn silage was assessed on fermentation kinetics and effective degradability (ED) by means of in vitro gas production at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. A randomized block design was used with six treatments, three blocks, and two replications per block. France’s model was fit to the data. An in vivo experiment, conducted in fistulated ovine, assessed the effects of BNC inclusion levels of 0, 15, 30, and 45% DM replacing corn silage on ruminal parameters. Ruminal fluid samples were collected postprandial at 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 h for determining the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), pH, and N–NH3. A completely randomized design with repeated measures in time was used, with four treatments and three replications. Results of acetate, propionate, butyrate, acetate to propionate ratio, pH, and NH3 were submitted to analysis of variance and regression (linear and quadratic) considering treatment, time and interaction of both. In addition, the F test with a 5% (P < 0.05) significance level was applied to the data. Fermentation kinetics pattern and ED presented a linear decreasing (P < 0.05), which means a decrease in total gas production at each coproduct inclusion level. No interaction effect between treatment and time was observed for total SCFA (P > 0.40), acetic acid (P > 0.41), propionic acid (P > 0.85), butyric acid (P > 0.62) and pH (P > 0.57). BNC replacements of 0, 15, 30 and 45% did not change (P > 0.05) total SCFA concentration, as well as acetic acid concentration in ovine. When including 45% DM of BNC, concentrations (mMol/100 mL) of propionic (P < 0.001) and butyric (P < 0.022) acids was reduced in the ruminal fluid. The highest concentrations at measurement times were observed 4 hours after feeding. The pH values presented a quadratic effect on both inclusion (P < 0.001) and time (P < 0.001). An interaction was observed between treatment and time for N–NH3 concentration (mg/ml) (P < 0.001) and acetic to propionic acids ratio (P < 0.014). Fermentation kinetics was negatively affected by Brazil nut cake inclusion to corn silage-based diet. Therefore, the use of this coproduct is recommended associated with non-structural carbohydrate sources.

scholarly journals Partial replacement of corn by soybean hulls in high-grain diets for feedlot sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Homem Junior ◽  
Bruno Faleiros Nocera ◽  
Lucas Figueiredo Faleiros ◽  
Marco Túlio Costa Almeida ◽  
Josimari Regina Paschoaloto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Soybean Hulls

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the partial replacement of corn grains by soybean hulls, in high-grain diets, and its effect on the feeding behavior and ruminal fermentation parameters of feedlot sheep. Eight rumen-cannulated crossbred sheep were assigned to four treatment groups composed of a control, to fed a diet of 50% corn silage and 50% concentrate, and to three groups fed high-grain diets, as follows: 85% corn (Diet85), 75% corn plus 10% soybean hulls (Diet75), and 65% corn plus 20% soybean hulls (Diet65). High-grain diets reduced rumination time and provided a higher degradation of feed dry matter, a higher-propionic acid concentration, a lower-acetic acid concentration, a lower methane and carbon dioxide gas production, and a lower ruminal pH value. Diet65, with 20% soybean hulls, promoted an increase in the acetic acid proportion, with a reduction in the CO2:CH4 ratio. At the end of in vitro incubation, the pH value was higher for the control diet, and it was lower for Diet85. The inclusion of soybean hulls does not change methane production and dry matter degradation, and it can be used to substitute up to 20% of corn grain in high-grain diets.

scholarly journals PSXIV-13 Effect of phytochemicals on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 445-446
Author(s):  
Aaron A Molho-Ortiz ◽  
Atmir Romero-Pérez ◽  
Efren Ramírez-Bribiesca ◽  
Claudia Marquez-Mota ◽  
Juan Carlos Ramírez-Orejel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of eight phytochemicals from four plant species, in two presentations, essential oils (EO) and aqueous extracts (AE) of garlic (GEO, GAE), cinnamon (CEO, CAE), eucalyptus (EEO, EAE) and rosemary (REO, RAE) on rumen fermentation, using the in vitro gas production technique. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized block design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments. All treatments were incubated with 0.5 g of a basal diet (BD; 50% concentrate, 20% alfalfa and 30% corn silage, dry matter basis). Additionally, BD and BD with 30 ppm of sodium monensin (MON) were used as controls. Phytochemicals were evaluated at a single dose of 900 mg/L of inoculum. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), maximum volume of gas (Vmax), gas production rate (S) and lag phase (L) were evaluated. Methane (CH4) was determined indirectly, by fixation of CO2present in gas samples with 1M KOH solution, Non-fixed gas was assumed to be CH4. Methane production was correlated with organic matter fermented in the rumen (mL CH4/g OMFR). Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS ©. The effects of treatments were tested for the following contrasts: EO Vs AE, W Vs EO, W Vs AE. Some essential oils (GEO, CEO, REO) decreased CH4 production (mL CH4/g OMFR) and IVDMD by 20.4% and 17.8% compared to control treatments (BD and MON) (P &lt; 0.05). Aqueous extracts showed a similar response (P &lt; 0.05) to control treatments. In conclusion the use of essential oils negatively affected rumen fermentation and the production of CH4 in P cinnamon essential oil.

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous α-amylases, glucoamylases and proteases on ruminal in vitro dry matter and starch digestibility, gas production and volatile fatty acids of mature dent corn grain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe X Amaro ◽  
Donghyeon Kim ◽  
Mariele C N Agarussi ◽  
Vanessa P Silva ◽  
Tatiane Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Starch Digestibility ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Random Factor ◽  
Dent Corn ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract Two separate experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of incremental doses of 10 exogenous endo-acting α-amylase and exo-acting glucoamylase; 1LAT (bacterial α-amylase), 2AK, 3AC, 4Cs4, 5Trga, 6Afuga, 7Fvga, and 10Tg (fungal α-amylases, glucoamylases and α-glucosidase), 8Star and 9Syn (fungal amylase-mixtures; Exp. 1) and 3 exogenous proteases; 11P14L, 12P7L, and 13P30L (bacterial proteases; Exp. 2) on in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro starch digestibility (IVSD) of mature dent corn grain using a batch culture system. Incremental doses of the exogenous enzymes (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mg/g of dried substrate) were applied directly to the substrate (0.5 g of ground corn, 4 mm) in sextuplicate (Exp. 1) or quadruplicate (Exp. 2) within F57 filter bags, which were incubated at 39°C in buffered rumen fluid for 7 h. Rumen fluid was collected 2-3 h after the morning feeding from 3 lactating dairy cows and pooled. Cows were consuming a mid-lactation total mixed ration (TMR; 1.60 Mcal/kg DM and 15.4%; net energy of lactation and crude protein, respectively). Three independent runs were carried out for each experiment. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using run as the blocking factor. Dose was used as a fixed factor while run was considered a random factor. Linear, quadratic, and cubic orthogonal contrasts were also tested. In Exp. 1, enzymes 2AK, 3AC and 10Tg did not increase (P &gt; 0.10) IVDMD and IVSD, whereas 0.25 mg of enzymes 1LAT, 5Trga and 8Star increased (P &lt; 0.01) IVDMD by 23, 47 and 62% and IVSD by 35, 41 and 58%, respectively, compared with the control. Enzymes 4Cs4, 6Afuga, 7Fvga and 9Syn linearly increased IVDMD and IVSD (P &lt; 0.01). Greatest increases in IVDMD (82.9%) and IVSD (85.9%) resulted with 1 mg of 6Afuga compared to control. In Exp. 2, the lowest dose of exogenous proteases 11P14L and 12P7L increased (P &lt; 0.01) IVDMD by 98 and 87% and IVSD by 57 and 64%, respectively, whereas the highest dose of 13P30L increased (P = 0.02) IVDMD by 44.8% and IVSD by 30%, relative to the control. In conclusion, IVSD and IVDMD were increased by one α-amylase, certain glucoamylases and all proteases tested, with the glucoamylase 6Afuga in Exp. 1 and the neutral protease12P7L in Exp. 2, increasing IVDMD and IVSD to the greater extents. Future in vivo studies are required to validate these findings before these enzyme additives can be recommended for improving the digestibility of mature dent corn grain.

scholarly journals Effects of Microalgae Species on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Pattern and Methane Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekin Sucu
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fermentation Pattern ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

AbstractThis experiment was conducted to establish the effects of two types of microalgae [Chlorella vulgaris (AI), C. variabilis (AII) and their combination (AI+AII)] with two substrates (wheat and corn silages) on rumen fermentation, gas and methane production. To each substrate, one of 3 algae treatment was supplemented at 0% and 25% of the total incubated dry matter. A series of 5 measurement points (3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h) were completed and the gas production was monitored. The proximate and mineral composition of microalgae and substrates were examined. At 48 h incubation rumen fermentation variables and CH4 production were also assessed. When compared with wheat silage, corn silage caused an increase in gas production (P<0.05). Ruminal gas production decreased in the algae groups when compared to the controls (0% algae, wheat and corn silages, P<0.05). Among algae, C. vulgaris had the strongest effect, decreasing gas production by 34%. Among algae, the total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and CH4 production were found to be lower in C. variabilis (P<0.001). Ammonia-N increased with the algae inclusion (P<0.05). But, the ruminal gas production, pH, acetate, the total VFA, CH4 and rumen fermentation efficiency were not affected by the substrate and algae interaction (P>0.05). The propionate was the highest (P<0.05) for corn silage when incubated with C. vulgaris. Ruminal butyrate was the lowest for the wheat silage when incubated with the mixture of algae (P<0.05). The NH3-N was the highest in corn silage when incubated with all algae types (P<0.05). Careful selection and combination of substrate and algae may positively manipulate rumen fermentation and may inhibit CH4 production. Further research is needed to validate these results in vivo.

scholarly journals PSXI-17 Influence of hops on in vitro ruminal fermentation of corn grain

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 408-408
Author(s):  
Yamicela Castillo-Castillo ◽  
Raul Solis ◽  
Armando A Quintana ◽  
Claudio Arzola ◽  
Ana Luisa Olivas-Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract An in vitro incubation was carried out to evaluate the potential of hops (Humulus lupulus) as an alternative to antibiotics for upgrading animal production. Whole pellets of hops (Variety Galena) were ground and incubated in a batch culture of ruminal fluid (2000 mg of ground corn grain + 10 mL of fresh rumen liquor). Ruminal fluid was collected from two beef cows through an esophageal tube. The hops were incubated by 24 h at levels of 0, 800, 1600 and 2400 µg/mL. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance using PROC GLM of SAS. Hops addition linearly decreased (P &lt; 0.01) gas production (GP; 90.89, 61.73, 36.63 and 28.37 µmol/g respectively) and methane production (MP; 9.76, 1.70, 1.30 and 0.46 µmol/g respectively). The CO2 production linearly increased as levels of hops increased (P &lt; 0.02; 87.5, 88.4, 98.1 and 99.3 µmol/g respectively). The ammonia-N production was reduced in treatment 2 with respect to other treatments (P &lt; 0.03; 12.6, 9.2, 13.7 and 13.5 µmol/g). Effects on ruminal fermentation of corn grain were dose dependent of hops. Addition of hops in ruminant feeding may offer a means to decrease ruminal methane production. Further research is needed to test efficacy of hops on other in vivo rumen-fermentation parameters.

PSXIII-4 Effects of “País” grape marc on in vitro methane production and ruminal fermentation parameters of a forage diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 468-468
Author(s):  
Sandra Suescun-Ospina ◽  
Nelson Vera ◽  
Rita Astudillo ◽  
Jorge Avila-Stagno
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Grape Marc ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

Abstract Grape marc (GM) is a viticulture by-product used as cattle supplement in periods of shortage of conventional feed sources. It contains fats, high concentrations of polyphenols and has been reported to reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions. In-vitro batch culture was used to study the effects of substitution of mixed hay (MH) for a traditional Chilean variety (Vitis vinifera “País”) of GM on in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), rumen fermentation parameters (short chain fatty acids, pH, partitioning factor), gas and CH4 production in a 60% forage diet (dry matter, DM). The study was a randomized complete design with 3 treatments and 3 replicates, incubated for 24 h at 39º C. Treatments were: T1 (Control): 20% MH, 40% corn silage, 40% concentrate; T2 = 10% MH, 10% GM, 40% corn silage, 40% concentrate; T3 = 20% GM, 40% corn silage, 40% concentrate. Means were compared with the Tukey test (P &lt; 0.05), and polynomial contrasts. Substitution of MH with GM significantly reduced ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) by 50% (P &lt; 0.05), although it did not affect IVDMD, gas production or other rumen fermentation parameters (P &gt; 0.05). Total CH4 (mg) linearly decreased (P = 0.013) as concentrations of GM increased. Methane production (mg/g DM incubated) and yield (mg/g DM digested) decreased linearly (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively) as inclusion of GM increased. Inclusion of GM at 20% reduced CH4 production by 19% and CH4 yield by 16.4%. These results indicate that partial substitution of dietary fiber sources with traditional Chilean País GM in high fiber diets is a viable feeding alternative, and can decrease environmental impact (lower CH4 and ammonia emissions) of ruminant livestock, without negatively affecting rumen fermentation parameters.

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