scholarly journals Hydration curve and physiological quality of maize seeds subjected to water deficit

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Segalla Prazeres ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Extended Phase ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize

The hydration pattern associated with the physiological quality of seeds can be an early indicator for the evaluation of seed quality. The present study aimed to evaluate the hydration pattern of seeds subjected, or not, to water restriction, and to relate these patterns to their physiological quality. The physiological quality of seeds from five maize strains (L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5) and four hybrids (HT1, HT2, HS1, and HS2) was initially determined using seed germination and vigor tests (accelerated ageing and electric conductivity). A completely randomized experimental design was used with four repeats for the physiological analyses and a regression analysis was performed in order to assess the behavior of the seeds over time. The hydration curve was determined by imbibing the seeds in distilled water (0.0 control) and in a -0.9-MPa osmotic solution of polyethylene glycol 6000. Water uptake by the seeds was found to follow a triphasic pattern in the absence of water stress (0.0 MPa); however, when exposed to a -0.9- MPa osmotic potential, an extended phase II was observed. Diversity was observed between the strains in terms of the hydration pattern of the seeds, which can influence the physiological quality of the hybrid seeds. Regarding the hybrids, a positive relationship was observed between the shortest time to root protrusion and the quality of the seeds, both with or without water restriction, which allows us to conclude that hydration pattern can be used as a parameter for the early evaluation of physiological quality in hybrid maize seeds.

scholarly journals Isoenzyme activity in maize hybrid seeds harvested with different moisture contents and treated

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽  
Valquíria de Fátima Ferreira ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Vinícios de Carvalho ◽  
Leonardo de Souza Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Abstract: The analysis of isoenzyme activity is an important monitoring and characterization tool of the physiological quality of seeds and to understand the deterioration. The purpose of this work was to study the isoenzyme expression allied to the quality of maize hybrid seeds harvested at different moisture levels and subjected to chemical treatment. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four replicates, in a 3x2 factorial arrangement with three moisture levels (45%, 40% and 35%), and two forms of seeds tillage (with and without treatment). Seeds from maize hybrids, semi-hard BM 810 and dented BM 3061, were used. Seeds were manually gathered on ears. Chemical treatment was performed with commercial products Maxin(r) + K-obiol(r) + Actellic(r). Seed quality was assessed by moisture test, incidence of mechanicals damage, first count of germination, germination, emergence, emergence speed index, mean emergence time, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. Isoenzyme expressions were assessed by means of the systems superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), esterase (EST), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), peroxidase (PO) and α-amilase. Isoenzyme expressions are different, depending on moisture levels at harvest, the hybrid maize and seeds quality. Seeds treatment does not interfere in their isoenzymes expression.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of hybrid maize seeds through respiratory and enzymatic activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 1879-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliveira dos Santos Heloisa ◽  
Vilela Von Pinho Iolanda ◽  
Vilela de Resende Von Pinho Eacute dila ◽  
Maria de Oliveira Pires Raquel ◽  
Fabiana da Silva Valk iacute ria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hybrid Maize

scholarly journals Effect of production environments on storage and physiological quality of maize seed

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Itala Thaísa Padilha Dubal ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
João Roberto Pimentel ◽  
Cristian Troyjack ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Large Format ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Large Round ◽  
Physiological Characters

Storage is a factor that can affect seed quality as a function of latent damages. The losses that most contribute to the reduction in germination and vigor during storage are those caused by humidity, mechanical and temperature-related, that may interfere with seed quality throughout storage. The aim of this study was evaluating the physiological quality of maize seeds produced in two environments and classified in different formats compared to storage periods. The experiment was carried out in the 2016 harvest in two cultivation environments: Entre-Ijuís, RS and Pelotas, RS. Seeds were stratified by thickness through sieves with oblong holes and stratified into small round, large round, small flat and large flat. Growing environments influence the physiological characteristics of maize seeds. The flat and large format seeds have superior physiological quality for the measured physiological characters. The small and round seeds present lower values for germination, first germination count, emergence speed index, shoot dry matter of emergence seedlings and shoot dry matter of germination seedlings. Corn seeds when stored under controlled conditions remain for long periods without causing decreases in physiological quality.

scholarly journals Does the substrate affect the germination of soybean seeds treated with phytosanitary products?

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora Kelli Rocha ◽  
Everson Reis Carvalho ◽  
Raquel Maria de Oliveira Pires ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Amanda Carvalho Penido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Seedling Germination ◽  
Germination Experiment ◽  
Phytosanitary Products

ABSTRACT The use of an appropriate method that accurately expresses physiological seed quality and minimizes possible phytotoxicity by chemical products in laboratory testing with soybean seeds is relevant. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence and infer the method adequacy for the representative evaluation of physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with phytosanitary products. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, with trial 1 in a 9×5 factorial scheme involving nine seed treatments, including fungicides and insecticides, and solutions with five osmotic potentials (0, -0.25, -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa) for wetting a paper substrate in a germination experiment, with evaluation of the normal seedlings at five and eight days after sowing. The second experiment consisted of a 9×7 factorial, with nine seed treatments and seven methods for germination evaluation at 5 days (between paper - BP, between sand - BS, between paper with water restriction - BPWR, between paper with preconditioning - BPC, sand between paper - SBP and vermiculite between paper - VBP). Treatments with insecticides affect seedling germination and evaluation, with greater phytotoxicity in relation to fungicides. Methods with readily available water led to greater phytotoxicity than methods with low water availability. For soybean germination evaluation of seeds treated with phytosanitary products, the BPC, SBP and VBP methods were optimal.

scholarly journals Physiological Quality of Hybrids and Creole Maize Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Helis Maria Salomão ◽  
Silvia Rahe Pereira ◽  
Andreia Suchoronczek ◽  
Adriano Suchoronczek ◽  
Larissa Leite Momoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
One Year ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Similar Development

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of hybrid maize seeds (within the validity period and expired seeds) and of a Creole variety within the validity period. The study was performed using the hybrids C1 BM3063 PRO 2 (valid until 12/2018) and C1 SYN8A98 (valid until 03/2017 - expired one year ago) and a Creole maize (freshly harvested, collected at Pato Branco city, Paraná State, Brazil). Seed germination, germination speed index, germination speed, cold test, length and fresh and dried matter of shoot and root system were evaluated in a laboratory experiment. In the field we evaluated emergency, emergency speed index, emergency speed, length and fresh and dried matter of aerial part. Creole cultivar had the worse performance in all the variables tested. Expired hybrid (SYN8A98) presented similar development to the hybrid within the validity period (BM3063) in practically all the evaluated parameters. SYN 8A98 hybrid can be sown without risks of reduced productivity, provided that cold periods during field establishment are avoided. Creole variety in question did not perform satisfactorily and could not be used as seed. Keywords: Seeds Validity Period. Open Pollinated Variety. Viability. Production Costs. Seeds Reuse. ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho híbrido (dentro do período de validade e sementes expiradas) e de uma variedade crioula dentro do período de validade. O estudo foi realizado utilizando os híbridos C1 BM3063 PRO 2 (válido até 12/2018) e C1 SYN8A98 (válido até 03/2017 - expirou há um ano) e um milho crioulo (recém-colhido, coletado na cidade de Pato Branco, Paraná, Brasil). Foram avaliados, em experimento laboratorial, a germinação de sementes, o índice de velocidade de germinação, a velocidade de germinação, o teste de frio, o comprimento e matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea e sistema radicular. No campo foram avaliados emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, velocidade de emergência, comprimento e matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea. A cultivar crioula teve o pior desempenho em todas as variáveis testadas. O híbrido expirado (SYN 8A98) apresentou desenvolvimento similar ao híbrido dentro do período de validade (BM3063) em praticamente todos os parâmetros avaliados. O híbrido SYN 8A98 pode ser semeado sem riscos de produtividade reduzida, desde que sejam evitados períodos frios durante o estabelecimento em campo. A variedade crioula em questão não teve desempenho satisfatório e não pôde ser usada como semente. Palavras-chave: Período de Validade das Sementes. Variedade de Polinização Aberta. Viabilidade. Custos de Produção. Reutilização de Sementes. 

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITIES OF MAIZE LANDRACE SEEDS STORED UNDER TWO CONDITIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Stefanello ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽  
Ubirajara Russi Nunes ◽  
Cláudia Braga Dutra ◽  
Iana Somavilla
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Maize Landrace ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Physiological Quality

The preservation of seed quality during the storage period depends not only on the conditions during production and harvesting but also on the storage and maintenance of appropriate storage product conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary qualities of maize landrace seeds stored under two conditions. The maize seed batch varieties Oito carreiras, Cabo roxo and Lombo baio were used. Tests included germination, first count, cold test, accelerated aging and sanity. Based on the results it was concluded that the physiological quality of these seed varieties decreased with the storage period. The major fungi identified in the maize seeds during storage were from the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium, which caused deterioration and reduction of the physiological quality. Storage using a paper bag at a temperature of 10 °C did not prevent the deterioration of maize seeds but was more effective at preserving the quality of the seed compared with a plastic bag at room temperature.

scholarly journals Lignification of the plant and seed quality of RR soybeans sprayed with herbicide glyphosate

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Cristiane Fortes Gris ◽  
Edila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Maria Laene de Moreira Carvalho ◽  
Rafael Parreira Diniz ◽  
Thaís de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

Differences in levels of lignin in the plant between conventional and transgenic cultivars RR has been reported by several authors, however, there are few studies evaluating the influence of spraying of glyphosate on the lignin in the plant and RR soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of RR transgenic soybean seeds and the lignin contents of plants sprayed with the herbicide glyphosate. The assays were conducted both in greenhouse and field in the municipality of Lavras, MG, in the agricultural year 2007/08. The experiment was arranged in a splitplot design with four replicates, considering the treatments hand weeding and herbicide glyphosate as plots, and five RR soybean cultivars (BRS 245 RR, BRS 247 RR, Valiosa RR, Silvânia RR and Baliza RR) as splitplots. In the greenhouse, the cultivars tested were BRS 245 RR and Valiosa RR in a randomized block design with four replicates. The sprayings were carried out at stages V3, V7 and early R5 (3L/ha). The 1000 seed weight, mechanical injury, germination and germination velocity index, emergence velocity index, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and water soaking seed test, lignin content in the seed coat, in the stem and legumes were determined. The spraying of glyphosate herbicide, in greenhouse and field, did not alter the physiological quality of seeds and the lignin contents in the plant.

scholarly journals CNSL Concentration and Natural Dyes Effects in Formulation of Botanical Pesticide on Sitophilus zeamais and Maize Seed Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dian Astriani ◽  
Wafit Dinarto ◽  
Aji Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Botanical Pesticide ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Push Down

Maize is an important commodity in Indonesia and is vulnerable to maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) during storage which can cause a 100% yield loss. Chasew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is a botanical pesticide able to control S. zeamais. Increasing CNSL efficiency and effectiveness requires additional adjuvants, such as solvents and dyes. Natural dyes addition is intended to provide seed markers. This study aimed to determine the best CNSL and natural dye formulation to control maize weevil and maintain maize seeds quality during storage. The research was conducted from August to October 2018 at the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agroindustry, Yogyakarta Mercu Buana University. The research was a single factor consisted of seven treatments with four replications arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments were combinations of CNSL concentrations with the addition of natural dyes from suji leaf and teak leaves with one untreated control. The results of the research showed that CNSL as a seed treatment botanical pesticide could cause mortality and suppress S. zeamais populations and maintain the quality of maize seeds during storage for 12 weeks. Treatments with 20% CNSL formulation concentration and the addition of natural dyes both leaf pleomele or teak leaves could cause higher mortality and push down more populations and also could better maintain seed quality than 10 and 0% CNSL formulation concentrations.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of dynamically cooled and stored soybean seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacson Zuchi ◽  
José de Barros França-Neto ◽  
Carlos Sigueyuki Sediyama ◽  
Adílio Flauzino de Lacerda Filho ◽  
Múcio Silva Reis
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Feasible Alternative

Storage is an important step in the production of soybean seeds, mainly in tropical regions, where high temperatures can drastically reduce seed quality. The storage at cooler temperatures may be a feasible alternative to preserve seed quality during storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled by a dynamic process and stored in an environment, with non controlled temperature and relativity humidity. Two seed lots of cultivars Monsoy 8757, TMG 115 RR and BRS Valiosa RR were used. After processing and during packaging the seeds were cooled to 18 ºC by a dynamic process. Seed samples were collected after 0, 60 and 120 days of storage, using the following parameters germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in sand, speed of emergence index, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium and seed health. Although soybean seeds artificially cooled by the dynamic method may have slightly superior performance in maintaining physiological quality during storage in non-refrigerated warehouse, for lots of high physiological quality, these advantages are not observed.

scholarly journals Optimization and sensitivity analysis of fast ethanol assay in maize seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damrongvudhi Onwimol ◽  
Thunyapuk Rongsangchaicharean ◽  
Pitipong Thobunluepop ◽  
Tanapon Chaisan ◽  
Wanchai Chanprasert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Hermetic Seal

Abstract: The evaluation of seed deterioration is very important to control the quality of the seeds stored. This study aimed to investigate the potential of fast ethanol assay for seed quality assessment of maize stored under different conditions. The first experiment was to determine the incubating temperature, incubating time, and amount of seed used in the assay. The results showed that the best protocol for the detection of headspace ethanol was incubation of 3 g of maize seed with 20% moisture content (wet basis) in a 20 mL gas chromatography vial at 70 °C for 1.5 h. The assay induced approximately 200-700 µg.L-1 of headspace ethanol, which was sufficient to identify seeds with different vigour levels. In the second experiment, the optimal conditions were used for quality assessment in aged maize seed stored for 12 months under different storage conditions. The increase in the ethanol production of stored maize seed under the controlled conditions (15 °C and 20% RH in the hermetic seal) was lower than under ambient conditions. The ethanol production levels of maize seed samples at the start of storage was significantly lesser than at six months storage (p < 0.05). The test limitations in deteriorated seed with different cultivars and ages will be discussed.

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