scholarly journals Isolation and identification of Yersinia enterocolitica in bovine milk samples of bulk tanks from dairy farms in São Paulo, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Amanda Bezerra Bertolini ◽  
Marcelo Augusto Orsi Dutra ◽  
Lívia Maísa Guiraldi ◽  
Wesley José dos Santos ◽  
Maria Izabel Merino de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Milk Samples

Milk and its derivatives are good substrates for the proliferation of pathogenic and quality-deteriorating microorganisms, demanding rigorous care with milking, processing, and storage. Among the various bacteria that can grow in raw refrigerated milk, Yersinia enterocolitica, is an invasive enteropathogen of humans. This bacterium can cause a number of intestinal and extraintestinal clinical symptoms, ranging from mild gastroenteritis to mesenteric lymphadenitis, similar to appendicitis. To evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in raw milk from bulk milk tanks located in the State of São Paulo, 102 bovine milk samples (one per dairy farm) were evaluated by microbiological analyses, followed by biochemical tests PCR and genetic sequencing. Microbiological testing did not isolate Y. enterocolitica. However, PCR analysis revealed six samples that were positive for Y. enterocolitica (5.9%), confirmed by genetic sequencing. Only the inv gene was detected, which is present in virulent and avirulent Y. enterocolitica strains. There was great difficulty in microbiological isolation due to the difficulty of competitiveness of Y. enterocolitica in a very rich microbiota of raw milk. Although virulence genes known to be present in potentially pathogenic strains of Y. enterocolitica have not been identified, the presence of this pathogen in milk from expansion tanks, identified through PCR and confirmed by genetic sequencing, suggests that Y. enterocolitica may be a risk to public health, especially if milk and its derivatives are consumed without heat treatment.

scholarly journals Occurrence of mycobacteria in bovine milk samples from both individual and collective bulk tanks at farms and informal markets in the southeast region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Masello Junqueira Franco ◽  
Antonio Carlos Paes ◽  
Márcio Garcia Ribeiro ◽  
José Carlos de Figueiredo Pantoja ◽  
Adolfo Carlos Barreto Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Informal Markets ◽  
Southeast Region ◽  
Milk Samples

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Staphylococci and E. Coli From Raw Bovine Milk Collected From Milk Cooperative Centers in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Yenealem
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Handling Practices

Abstract Background: Pathogenic microorganisms commonly isolated from milk and milk products pose a serious threat to human health. Escherichia coli and Staphylococci are the major pathogens isolated from milk. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify pathogenic Staphylococci and E.coli from raw bovine milk collected from milk cooperative centers found in Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia. Result: The overall prevalence of pathogenic species of Staphylococci and E. coli was found to be35.16 % and 8.59 % (n=384), respectively. From the total 384 raw milk samples examined, 1.56 %was found to be positive for both pathogenic species of Staphylococci and E. coli. The prevalence of pathogenic species of Staphylococci was found to be 33.33 %, 36.05 % and 39.21 % milk collected from Arsi Negele, Hawassa, and Shashemene, respectively. Whereas the prevalence of E. coli was found to be 9.68 %, 8.84 % and 3.92 %) milk collected from Arsi Negele, Hawassa and Shashemene, respectively. The study results showed a relatively higher prevalence of pathogenic species of staphylococci in raw milk collected from Shashemene than raw milk collected from Arsi Negele andHawassa. However, the difference was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Higher isolation rate of E. coli and pathogenic species of Staphylococci in raw milk samples collected from different milk cooperative centers in Hawassa could be associated to mastitis, poor udder preparation, poor milker’s hygiene, poor milk handling practices, poor environmental sanitation and sanitation of milking equipment. Overall, this study showed that pathogenic species of staphylococcus and E. coli are prevalent in raw milk produced and consumed in the area. Therefore, awareness should be created to producers and raw milk collecting cooperatives on strict preventive measures of raw milk contamination.

Pheno and genotyping ofStaphylococcus aureus, isolated from bovine milk samples from São Paulo State, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
K G Cabral ◽  
C Lämmler ◽  
M Zschöck ◽  
H Langoni ◽  
M E.P de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Ofstaphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
São Paulo State

In the present study, 87 Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from milk samples of 87 cows with mastitis in 6 different municipal districts of 2 regions of São Paulo State, Brazil, were compared pheno and genotypically. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of the strains was performed, and PCR was carried out to detect genes for a number of staphylococcal cell surface proteins, exoproteins, and 3 classes of agr genes. Nine distinct S. aureus lineages (LA–LI) were identified by PFGE. The lineages LA and LE, which accounted together for 63 strains (72.2%), were prevalent and had been collected from all of the 6 municipal districts, indicating a broad geographic distribution of these lineages; LB, LC, LD, LF, LG, LH, and LI, however, were isolated sporadically and accounted for 24 strains (27.8%). Some characteristics, like penicillin resistance and the presence of cap8 and agr class II genes, were associated with the prevalent lineages (LA and LE), and penicillin susceptibility and the presence of cna and cap5 genes were associated with sporadic lineages. According to the present results, some S. aureus lineages possess a combination of genes that confer the propensity to cause and disseminate infection, and only a limited number of clones are responsible for the cases of bovine mastitis on the various farms.Key words: S. aureus, mastitis, phenotyping, genotyping.

scholarly journals Proteolytic and lipolytic potential of Pseudomonas spp. from goat and bovine raw milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1577-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
José C. Ribeiro Júnior ◽  
Pedro I. Teider Junior ◽  
André L.M. Oliveira ◽  
Edson A. Rios ◽  
Ronaldo Tamanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT: Pseudomonas, the main genus of gram-negative microorganisms isolated from milk, is psychrotrophic, biofilm-forming, and thermo-resistant deteriorating enzyme producers. The aim of this study was to quantify Pseudomonas spp. in goat’s and cow’s milk produced in the Paraná state, Brazil, to evaluate the deteriorating activity of the isolates at mesophilic and psychrotrophic conditions and to identify, at the species level, the isolates with alkaline metalloprotease (aprX gene) production potential. Microbiological, biochemical and molecular methods were used for isolating, confirming and identifying of isolates. The mean counts were 1.6 (±6.3)x104 and 0.89(±3)x102 CFU/mL for goat and bovine milk samples, respectively, immediately after milking. Of the Pseudomonas colonies isolated from goat milk (n=60), 91.7% showed proteolytic potential when incubated at 35°C/48 h and 80% at 7°C/10 days, and lipolytic potential was observed in 95% of the isolates incubated in mesophilic and 78.3% at refrigeration conditions. From the isolates of bovine milk (n=20), 35% showed proteolytic activity only when incubated at 35°C/48 h, and lipolytic potential was observed in 25% of the isolates incubated at 7°C/10d and 35°C/48h. It was observed that 83.3% and 25% of the isolates genetically confirmed as Pseudomonas spp. of goat and bovine milk showed the potential for alkaline metalloprotease production, with the species P. azotoformans, P. koreensis, P. gessardii, P. monteilii and P. lurida being the most frequent in goat milk and P. aeruginosa the only species identified in cow milk.

scholarly journals "Multiplex PCR" identification of the atypical and monophasic Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- in São Paulo State, Brazil: frequency and antibiotic resistance patterns

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana T. Tavechio ◽  
Ângela C. R. Ghilardi ◽  
Sueli A. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Salmonella spp. are the etiologic agents of salmonellosis, a worldwide spread zoonoses causing foodborne outbreaks and clinical diseases. By serological identification, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- accounted for 8.8% of human and 1.6% of nonhuman Salmonella strains isolated in São Paulo State, during 1991-2000. A total of 28.6% of them amplified a fragment corresponding to H:1,2 (flagellar phase two) through PCR analysis and were further assigned as S. Typhimurium. Antimicrobial resistance was detected in 36.3% of the 369 PCR-negative strains tested, including the multiresistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, tetracycline, and streptomycin.

scholarly journals Mycobacteria in Minas cheese commercialized in open fairs in São Paulo, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. e146525
Author(s):  
Patricia Rossi Moriconi ◽  
Cássia Yumi Ikuta ◽  
Fábio Gregori ◽  
Gisele de Oliveira ◽  
Sheila de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
The City

Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a disease that affects dairy herds throughout the Brazilian territory, constituting a neglected zoonosis transmitted by raw milk and its derivatives. In this study, we evaluated the presence of M. bovis and other mycobacteria in Minas cheese obtained from open fairs in the city of São Paulo between 2012 and 2013. Samples (n = 133) were decontaminated using hexa-cetylpyridinium chloride and seeded on Stonebrink–Leslie medium. The isolates were submitted to molecular identification by TB Multiplex PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene and amplicon nucleotide sequencing. From 16 cheese samples (12%), we obtained 26 putative colonies of Mycobacterium spp., none of which belonged to any of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, or Mycobacterium intracellulare complexes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that sample sequences were grouped in a clade that includes only non-tuberculous mycobacteria with proximity to sequences obtained from Mycobacterium novocastrense (3 sequences), Mycobacterium holsaticum (1 sequence), andMycobacterium elephantis (2 sequences). Although no epidemiological evidence was found regarding the importance of oral transmission of mycobacteria in healthy people, their importance in the immunosuppressed population remains uncertain.

Antimicrobial susceptibility profile in vitro of milk samples from cows from a small property in Guatapará, São Paulo State

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Akira Sato ◽  
Laryssa Freitas Ribeiro ◽  
Breno Vinicius de Lima ◽  
Rodrigo de Melo Magnabosco ◽  
Maria Imaculda Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
São Paulo State

scholarly journals Fatal Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) infection in captive marmosets (Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata) in Brazil: clinical and pathological characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata A. Casagrande ◽  
Cláudio S. Pannuti ◽  
Cristina Kanamura ◽  
Wilton S. Freire ◽  
André Grespan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
The Brain

Fatal Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) was diagnosed in 12 captive marmosets (Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata) from metropolitan region of São Paulo, São Paulo State. Clinical signs were variable among the cases, but most affected marmosets presented signs associated with viral epithelial replication: oral, lingual and facial skin ulcers and hypersalivation, and viral replication in the central nervous system: prostration, seizure and aggressive behavior. Consistent microscopic findings were diffuse mild to severe nonsuppurative necrotizing meningoencephalitis with gliosis, vasculitis and neuronal necrosis. Additionally, in the brain, oral cavity, skin, adrenal gland and myoenteric plexus intranuclear inclusion bodies were present. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of the HHV-1 antigen in association with lesions in the brain, oral and lingual mucosa, facial skin, adrenal gland and myoenteric plexus. HHV-1-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the brain was carried out and the virus was detected in 7/8 infected marmosets. It is concluded that HHV-1 causes widespread fatal infection in marmosets.

scholarly journals Endoparasites in fecal samples from anatids in captivity in São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Bruno ◽  
Thais Aguiar Emídio ◽  
Claudiana Auxiliadora Rosa ◽  
Fabio Novelli Martorelli ◽  
Cidéli de Paula Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aix Sponsa ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Lophodytes Cucullatus ◽  
The City

Abstract The objective of the present study was to identify the intestinal parasites with the highest prevalence in anatids that were reared extensively in the city of São Paulo, through coproparasitological examinations. Fecal samples (n=108) were collected at two times, with an interval of two months between them, during the year 2018. The samples were constituted from a pool of feces, and one sample was collected from each enclosure. The samples were identified as belonging to 13 species of anatids (Aix galericulata, Aix sponsa, Anser abyssinia, Chenonetta jubata, Chloephaga melanoptera, Chloephaga picta, Lophodytes cucullatus, Tadorna cana, Tadorna ferrugínea, Tadorna radjah, Tadorna tadorna, Tadorna tadornoide and Tadorna variegata). Samples of birds with or without clinical symptoms of endoparasitosis were then collected. The Coproplus® test was used to make the coproparasitological diagnosis and subsequently the material was examined individually, at Santo Amaro University in São Paulo. It was observed that 48.14% of the enclosures had birds infected by one or more endoparasites. Parasites of the order Coccidia presented the highest prevalence (22.22%), followed by those of the orders Trichuroidea (10.18%) and Ascaridia (4.63%). Moreover, Balantidium sp. was found, the cycle and relevance of these ciliates in birds is uncertain.

scholarly journals Validation Study of a Receptor-Based Lateral Flow Assay for Detection of Beta-Lactam Antibiotics in Milk

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abouzied ◽  
Michael Sarzynski ◽  
Aaron Walsh ◽  
Heather Wood ◽  
Mark Mozola
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Operating Parameter ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Lactam Antibiotic

Abstract Avalidation study designed tomeet the requirements of the AOAC Research Institute and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Veterinary Medicine, was conducted for a receptor-based, immunochromatographic method (BetaStar US) for detection of beta-lactam antibiotic residues in raw, commingled bovine milk. The assay was found to detect amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephapirin, cloxacillin, and penicillin G at levels below the FDA tolerance/safe levels but above the maximum sensitivity thresholds established by the National Conference on Interstate Milk Shipments. Results of the Part I (internal) and Part II (independent laboratory) dose-response studies using spiked samples were in very close agreement for all five drugs tested, with differences between the Part I and Part II 90/95 sensitivity values ranging from 0 to 1 ppb. The test was able to detect all five drugs at the approximate 90/95 sensitivity levels when present as incurred residues in milk collected from cows that had been treated with the specific drug. Asixth drug, ceftiofur, was found to be undetectable at levels of 500 ppb (as total ceftiofur metabolites from incurred residues in milk samples). The selectivity of the assay was 100, because no false-positive results were obtained in tests of >1000 control milk samples. The assay was found to be applicable to the testing of frozen raw milk samples. Results of ruggedness experiments established the operating parameter tolerances for the BetaStar US assay. Results of cross-reactivity testing established that the assay detects certain other beta-lactam drugs (dicloxacillin and ticarcillin), but it does not cross-react with any of 30 drugs belonging to other classes. Abnormally high bacterial or somatic cell counts in rawmilk produced no interference with the ability of the test to detect beta-lactams at tolerance/safe levels.

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