scholarly journals Clinical parameters of goats infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and treated with condensed tannin

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-530
Author(s):  
Danilo Rodrigues Barros Brito ◽  
◽  
Livio Martins Costa Júnior ◽  
João Luis Garcia ◽  
Daniel Praseres Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Clinical Parameters

scholarly journals Effects of condensed tannins towards dairy caprine gastrointestinal nematodes

2019 ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Suarez VH ◽  
Olmos LH ◽  
Martinez GM ◽  
Sandoval GV ◽  
Alfaro EJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Made In

In order to evaluate condensed tannins (CT) effect on dairy goat gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) under a grazing and confined systems, two experiments (E1 and E2) were made. On both, goats were kept in two groups of 10 animals each. Groups were: control, without treatment (CG) and CT supplemented (CTG) daily with 25 g (1,25%) in E1 and 75 g (2%) in E2. During the E1, feeding was based on Lucerne (Medicago sativa) grazing and supplementation with 500 g of corn grain and during the E2, stabled milking goats ate 500 g of corn grain and ad libitum lucerne hay. Biweekly, faecal egg counts (FEC) and coprocultures were made. In addition, FAMACHA© technique, body condition score (BCSS) and ingested food were recorded each two weeks during the 90 days (E1) and 76 (E2) days of trial. The FEC values in most of the study were low and no significant differences (p<0.78) were detected between groups. Mean FEC were 534 (CTG) and 357 (CG) during E1 and 509 (CTG) and 484 (CG) during E2. The predominant NGI genera were Trichostrongylussp. (48.1%), Haemonchus sp. (39.9%) and Teladorsagia sp. (12.0%). FAMACHA© scores did not show significant (p<0.41) differences between groups, but the CG (median=3) showed a BCS significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of CTG (median=2.5). The average milk production did not present statistically significant differences between groups (p<0.57), between sampling dates (p<0.23) and group x sampling dates (p<0.65). Under the conditions of these studies 25g or 75 g of CT in the diet had no anthelmintic or productive effects. Keywords: Gastrointestinal nematode; Dairy goat; Condensed tannin; Production

Extraction of Condensed Tannins from Tropical Plants as Affected by Leaves Maturity, Maceration Time, and Centrifugal Force

2019 ◽  
Vol 948 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Awistaros Angger Sakti ◽  
Kustantinah ◽  
Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽  
Lovy Perdani ◽  
Melisa Ekaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Tropical Plants ◽  
Leaf Maturity ◽  
Immature Leaf

Condensed Tannin (CT) are secondary metabolites of the plant that synthesized along the phenylpropanoid pathway. It is known to suppress CH4emission in the rumen through protozoal defaunation as well as direct effects on methanogen bacteria. Recent studies have been reported to have anthelmintics activity to overcome gastrointestinal nematodes, appertain to theHaemonchus contortus. To obtain merits of CT, it can be applied in flour or infusion form. Infusion considered as a convenient alternative of CT application. Evaluation method to produce optimum levels of CT needs to be done for the merits of CT obtained optimally. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of leaf maturity, maceration time, and centrifuge force on CT levels produced in infusion leaf as a feed additive. Mature and immature leaves selected from Morindacitrifolia(CF), Muntingiacalabura(CA), Azadirachta indica(AZ), Hibiscus rosa sinensis (RS) and Hibiscus tiliaceus (HT).The results of this research showed that leaf age had a significant effect on CT, except on AZ and RS. Normally, CT content of immature leaf is higher than the mature leaf. CA has highest levels of CT, can be predicted because of lots of glandular trichomes in their mature leaves as a place to store secondary metabolite compounds. Optimum levels of CT from maceration occurring at 2h of immersion except on HTthat requiring 4h of immersion. Meanwhile, 372 g is the most effective centrifuge force in producing optimum CT, except in CA which requires 2.318 g. Based on this study, it can be concluded that leaf age, maceration time, and centrifuge force have a significant influence in producing an infusion with maximum CTat each stage of extraction. It is important for infusion production to contain CT in optimal amounts. This research is expected to be the first step in providing multifunctional feed additive for livestock.

scholarly journals Study of gastrointestinal nematodes resistance to some anthelemitics and evaluation the efficacy of condensed tannin extraction on resistant genera in sheep in Babil

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
H. M. Al-Ramahi
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Vitro Effect

The study was carried out in Babel province, where three sheep farms evaluated for albendazole, levamisol and ivermectin resistance in nematodes by in vivo and in vitro techniques as well as to demonstrate the efficacy of commercial tannin-rich solution on the resistant genera.According to low confidence interval limit of 95% fecal egg count reduction FECR ,In farm I, the animal which treated with levamisol and ivermectin considered as suspected resistant, while the animals which treated with albendazole showed resistance to it. In farm II ,the animal which treated with levamisol and albendazole were considered as suspected resistant ,while no FECR% <95 % was recorded in animals which treated with ivermectin ,and in the same manner ,the animals of farm III which treated with levamisol and albendazole showed suspected resistance and resistance respectively, and no resistance to ivermectin was recorded in animals which treated with it. Also, the results revealed that the combination between in vitro (EHA) and in vivo (FECRT) necessary to confirm the assessment of resistance against benzimedazoles. The most common genus identified from pre treatment feces were Haemonchus ,Trichostrongylus and Cooperia ,while Haemonchus was the only identified genus which demonstrated from post treatment fecal culture.The compared of in vitro effect of condensed tannin CT and thiabendazol revealed that both thiabendazole and CT induced significant egg hatching inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. The thiabendazole required a maximum of 0.5mg/ml, whereas, the CT required a maximum concentration of 2 mg/ml, to induce 100% egg hatch inhibition. The adult worm motility assay showed that the thiabendazole kill all worms at the concentration of 0.25 mg/ml, while CT was showed insignificant killing even in maximum concentration.

Healing venous ulcers with different modalities of leg compression

Phlebologie ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Brizzio ◽  
G. Rossi ◽  
A. Chirinos ◽  
I. Cantero ◽  
G. Idiazabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Care ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Compression Therapy ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Ulcer Size ◽  
Venous Ulcers ◽  
Unexpected Findings

Summary Background: Compression therapy (CT) is the stronghold of treatment of venous leg ulcers. We evaluated 5 modalities of CT in a prospective open pilot study using a unique trial design. Patients and methods: A group of experienced phlebologists assigned 31 consecutive patients with 35 venous ulcers (present for 2 to 24 months with no prior CT) to 5 different modalities of leg compression, 7 ulcers to each group. The challenge was to match the modality of CT with the features of the ulcer in order to achieve as many healings as possible. Wound care used standard techniques and specifically tailored foam pads to increase local pressure. CT modalities were either stockings Sigvaris® 15-20, 20-30, 30-40 mmHg, multi-layer bandages, or CircAid® bandaging. Compression was maintained day and night in all groups and changed at weekly visits. Study endpoints were time to healing and the clinical parameters predicting the outcome. Results: The cumulative healing rates were 71%, 77%, and 83% after 3, 6, and 9 months, respectively. Univariate analysis of variables associated with nonhealing were: previous surgery, presence of insufficient perforating and/or deep veins, older age, recurrence, amount of oedema, time of presence of CVI and the actual ulcer, and ulcer size (p <0.05-<0.001). The initial ulcer size was the best predictor of the healing-time (Pearson r=0.55, p=0.002). The modality of CT played an important role also, as 19 of 21 ulcers (90%) healed with stockings but only 8 of 14 with bandages (57%; p=0.021). Regression analysis allowed to calculate a model to predict the healing time. It compensated for the fact that patients treated with low or moderate compression stockings were at lower risk of non-healing. and revealed that healing with stockings was about twice as rapid as healing with bandages. Conclusion: Three fourths of venous ulcers can be brought to healing within 3 to 6 months. Healing time can be predicted using easy to assess clinical parameters. Irrespective of the initial presentation ulcer healing appeared more rapid with the application of stockings than with bandaging. These unexpected findings contradict current believes and require confirmation in randomised trials.

Assessment of healing of dental implant surgical site following Low-Level Laser Therapy using Bio-Clinical parameters: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
VARSHA PALLED ◽  
DR. JITENDRA RAO ◽  
DR. RAGHUWAR DAYAL SINGH ◽  
DR. SHUCHI TRIPATHI ◽  
DR. KALPANA SINGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Level Laser

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) improves the healing of the implant surgical site with clinical and biochemical parameters.Thirty patients with an edentulous space spanning a single tooth were selected. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups - the control group and the test group. The test group received laser energy at a power of 2J/cm 2 with a total of 4-6J energy over each implant. Clinical parameters (Implant Stability Quotient, probing index, modified sulcus bleeding index)and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were assessed at baseline and follow-up intervals (2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months).The test group showed significantly higher implant stability quotient compared to thecontrol group at 2 weeks(57.93±3.95 and 35.67±3.08; p&lt;0.01) and 3months(58.86±3.75 and 67.06±3.78; p&lt;0.01). A significant rise in OPG levels of the test group(686.30±125.36pg/ml at baseline and 784.25±108.30pg/ml at 3months;p&lt;0.01) was seen contrary to significant decline in the control group (839.50±249.08pg/ml at baseline,415.30±78.39pg/ml at 3months;p&lt;0.01). Within the limitations of the study, the study suggests that the healing of peri-implant hard and soft tissues may be enhanced with the use of LLLT as an explicit modality during the post-operative period.

Discovering Associations Comparing Directly Clinical Parameters with Different Dimensional Units

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
Miguel Murguía-Romero ◽  
◽  
Rafael Jiménez-Flores ◽  
René Méndez-Cruz ◽  
Rafael Villalobos-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Parameters
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