An Electro-Jet Rocket Engine With Big Thrust At Helical Corrugated Magnetic Field

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Andrey Arzhannikov ◽  
Alexey Beklemishev
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Radial Electric Field ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Stream Flows ◽  
Drift Motion

A fundamentally new electro-jet rocket engine having a big thrust with a high specific impulse is described in this paper. The acceleration mechanism of magnetized plasma along the axis of a cylindrical chamber with a helical corrugated magnetic field is put in the basis of such engine. The plasma acceleration is achieved during its drift motion by applying a radial electric field. The analytical description of the plasma motion process gives a visual representation of how the diamagnetic forces provide the process of the continuous acceleration of plasma ions along the axis of the helical corrugated magnetic field. As the result of this process, the accelerated plasma stream flows through the expanding cross section of a magnetic nozzle and the thrust of the rocket engine is created. Estimated calculations showed the ability of the new electro-jet rocket engine to achieve the big trust (in the range 102 –104 Newton) with the high specific impulse (from the level 3·104 to 103 seconds, respectively) at a reasonable efficiency. This set of parameters is fundamentally unattainable for another jet engines operating on the basis of other physical mechanisms.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigations of Electromagnetic Oscillations and Turbulences in Hall Thrusters Using Two Fluid Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhmander Singh ◽  
Bhavna Vidhani ◽  
Ashish Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Hall Thruster ◽  
Electron Drift ◽  
Hall Thrusters ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
Electromagnetic Oscillations ◽  
Two Fluid

The first part of the contributed chapter discuss the overview of electric propulsion technology and its requirement in different space missions. The technical terms specific impulse and thrust are explained with their relation to exhaust velocity. The shortcoming of the Hall thrusters and its erosion problems of the channel walls are also conveyed. The second part of the chapter discuss the various waves and electromagnetic instabilities propagating in a Hall thruster magnetized plasma. The dispersion relation for the azimuthal growing waves is derived analytically with the help of magnetohydrodynamics theory. It is depicted that the growth rate of the instability increases with magnetic field, electron drift velocity and collisional frequency, whereas it is decreases with the initial drift of the ions.

Analysis of the performance of electrodynamic tethers with autonomous electron generation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Bechasnov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rocket Engines ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Electron Generation ◽  
Rocket Thrust ◽  
Electrodynamic Tethers ◽  
Rapid Deceleration ◽  
A Current

Currently, electric rocket engines have largely reached the efficiency limits determined by the principle of rocket thrust. Electrodynamic tethers, interacting with an external magnetic field and actually being jet engines, are devoid of such restrictions. However, their thrust is limited by the concentration of the external plasma and depends on its fluctuations. The paper is the first to propose to create a current in the tether by propellant ionization, receiving a large thrust from a relatively short tether and a strong magnetic field deflecting charged cosmic particles. The numerical analysis showed that the length of the tether of hundreds of meters near the Earth provides a specific impulse of up to hundreds of kilometers per second and its proper acceleration of the power plant at a level of 0.01 m / s2, as well as protection of the central region of the tether from particles with an energy of more than 1 MeV. This makes it possible to consider it for maneuvering satellites with practically no restrictions on the delta-V, for performing fast high-energy inter-orbital flights and for radiation protection of a high-latitude orbital station. In the future, such a tether can be used for rapid deceleration of orbital objects, launching into geostationary orbit, interplanetary transfers and protection of objects from charged particles. The study describes possible areas of application and directions for further research of the concept of such a tether.

Simulation of the plume of a magnetically enhanced plasma thruster with SPIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Di Fede ◽  
Mirko Magarotto ◽  
Shaun Andrews ◽  
Daniele Pavarin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Plasma Plume ◽  
Electron Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Plasma Thruster ◽  
Simulation Strategy

A three-dimensional fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation strategy has been implemented to simulate the acceleration stage of a magnetically enhanced plasma thruster (MEPT). The study has been performed with the open-source code Spacecraft Plasma Interaction Software (SPIS). The tool has been copiously modified to simulate properly the dynamics of a magnetized plasma plume. A cross-validation of the methodology has been done with Starfish, a two-dimensional open-source PIC software. Two configurations have been compared: (i) in the absence of a magnetic field and (ii) in the presence of a magnetic field generated by a coil with maximum intensity of 300 G at the thruster outlet. The results show a reduction of the plume divergence angle, an increase of ion speed and an increase of the specific impulse in the presence of the magnetic nozzle. The simulations presented in this study are representative of the operative conditions of a 50 W MEPT. Nonetheless, the methodology adopted can be extended to handle the magnetized plasma plume of several other types of thrusters such as electron cyclotron resonance and applied field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters.

Long-pulse plasma source for SMOLA helical mirror

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Ivanov ◽  
V. O. Ustyuzhanin ◽  
A. V. Sudnikov ◽  
A. Inzhevatkina
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Hydrogen Plasma ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Lanthanum Hexaboride ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Plasma Properties ◽  
Plasma Gun

A plasma gun for forming a plasma stream in the open magnetic mirror trap with additional helicoidal field SMOLA is described. The plasma gun is an axisymmetric system with a planar circular hot cathode based on lanthanum hexaboride and a hollow copper anode. The two planar coils are located around the plasma source and create a magnetic field of up to 200 mT. The magnetic field forms the magnetron configuration of the discharge and provides a radial electric insulation. The source typically operates with a discharge current of up to 350 A in hydrogen. Plasma parameters in the SMOLA device are Ti ~ 5 eV, Te ~ 5–40 eV and ni ~ (0.1–1)  × 1019 m−3. Helium plasma can also be created. The plasma properties depend on the whole group of initial technical parameters: the cathode temperature, the feeding gas flow, the anode-cathode supply voltage and the magnitude of the cathode magnetic insulation.

Effects of a Vertical Magnetic Field on Particle Confinement in a Magnetized Plasma Torus

2004 ◽  
Vol 93 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Müller ◽  
A. Fasoli ◽  
B. Labit ◽  
M. McGrath ◽  
M. Podestà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Vertical Magnetic Field ◽  
Plasma Torus ◽  
Particle Confinement

Cerenkov and cyclotron instabilities in a plasma stream

1967 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Plane Wave ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Numerical Calculations ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Wave Growth ◽  
Stationary Medium ◽  
Phase Propagation ◽  
Positive Ion

The model of a stationary medium traversed by a weak plasma stream directed along a magnetic field is investigated. The usual linear treatment is adopted, and the stream is taken to be ‘cold’, with only electron (perturbation) motions considered. The objective is to assess the plane-wave growth associated with both Cerenkov and cyclotron instabilities; in particular, the dependence of the growth on frequency and angle of phase propagation. The main discussion is of the case when the stationary medium is a cold plasma in which both electron and positive ion motions are taken into account. Various expressions for the growth are derived, and numerical calculations are presented in graphical form.

scholarly journals Ion motion in the current sheet with sheared magnetic field – Part 1: Quasi-adiabatic theory

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Artemyev ◽  
A. I. Neishtadt ◽  
L. M. Zelenyi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Current Sheet ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Tangential Component ◽  
Adiabatic Invariant ◽  
Ion Motion ◽  
Adiabatic Theory ◽  
Fast Oscillations ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Abstract. We present a theory of trapped ion motion in the magnetotail current sheet with a constant dawn–dusk component of the magnetic field. Particle trajectories are described analytically using the quasi-adiabatic invariant corresponding to averaging of fast oscillations around the tangential component of the magnetic field. We consider particle dynamics in the quasi-adiabatic approximation and demonstrate that the principal role is played by large (so called geometrical) jumps of the quasi-adiabatic invariant. These jumps appear due to the current sheet asymmetry related to the presence of the dawn–dusk magnetic field. The analytical description is compared with results of numerical integration. We show that there are four possible regimes of particle motion. Each regime is characterized by certain ranges of values of the dawn–dusk magnetic field and particle energy. We find the critical value of the dawn–dusk magnetic field, where jumps of the quasi-adiabatic invariant vanish.

Physical and Chemical Processes Research of Isotope Separation in Plasma under Magnetic Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav F. Myshkin ◽  
Dmitry A. Izhoykin ◽  
Ivan A. Ushakov ◽  
Viktor F. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Isotope Separation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Valence Electrons ◽  
Field Lines

It is known that chemical bonding is only possible when particles with antiparallel valence electrons spins orientation collide [1, 2]. In an external magnetic field unpaired electrons spins precession around the field lines is observed. Precession frequencies of valence electrons of magnetic and nonmagnetic nuclei differ, resulting in a different probability to collide in reactive state for different isotopes. The investigations results of magnetic field influence on the carbon isotopes redistribution between carbon dioxide and disperse carbon in plasmachemical processes are given. Argon-oxygen plasma by a high-frequency generator was produced. Carbon placed into reaction zone by the high-frequency electrode evaporation. The plasmachemical reaction products quenching in the plasma flow at the sampler probe were examined. It is found that the Laval nozzle sampler is more efficient for plasma stream cooling versus the cylindrical sampler. The effects of flow rate, pressure and carbon dioxide concentration on the plasma flow cooling efficiency were estimated.

scholarly journals Generation of shocked hot regions in black hole magnetosphere

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S238) ◽  
pp. 367-368
Author(s):  
Keigo Fukumura ◽  
Masaaki Takahashi ◽  
Sachiko Tsuruta
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Event Horizon ◽  
Accretion Disk ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Shock Formation ◽  
Poloidal Magnetic Field ◽  
High Energy Radiation ◽  
Plausible Mechanism

AbstractWe study magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) standing shocks in ingoing plasmas in a black hole (BH) magnetosphere. We find that low or mid latitude (non-equatorial) standing MHD shocks are both physically possible, creating very hot and/or magnetized plasma regions close to the event horizon. We also investigate the effects of the poloidal magnetic field and the BH spin on the properties of shocks and show that both effects can quantitatively affect the MHD shock solutions. MHD shock formation can be a plausible mechanism for creating high energy radiation region above an accretion disk in AGNs.

scholarly journals PARAMETERS OF HYDROGEN PLASMA STREAMS IN QSPA-M AND THEIR DEPENDENCE ON EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
M.S. Ladygina ◽  
Yu.V. Petrov ◽  
D.V. Yeliseev ◽  
V.A. Makhlai ◽  
N.V. Kulik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Hydrogen Plasma ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Plasma Electron ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Plasma Electron Density

Present experimental studies are aimed at analysis of hydrogen plasma stream parameters in various working regimes of QSPA-M operation. Temporal distributions of plasma electron density are reconstructed with optical emission spectroscopy. The magnetic field influence on plasma streams parameters is analyzed. It is shown that in regimes with additional magnetic field the plasma electron density increases by an order of magnitude in comparison with a density value without magnetic field. The plasma velocity and energy density parameters as well as their temporal behaviors were estimatedin different operating regimes of QSPA-M facility. Features of plasma visible radiation were analyzed. This information is important for QSPA-M applications in experiments on interaction of powerful plasma streams with material surfaces.

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