scholarly journals Distribution of Heterotrophic and Nitrogen fixing Rhizobacteria in Irrigation Sites of Lake Alau Borno State Northeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alkali Allamin ◽  
Hussaini Shettima ◽  
Hafsat Muhammad Abdullahi ◽  
Usman Ali Bukar ◽  
Amina Umar Faruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Lentus ◽  
History Of

This study was conducted to know the population of rhizobacteria in both irrigation and non-irrigation sites of the dam. The dense population of these organism indirectly promote plant growth and development. Five sites (A, B, C, D and E) were used to collect soil samples randomly and transported to the laboratory for analysis. Total heterotrophic bacterial count was done using nutrient agar (NA) and nitrogen fixing bacteria was counted using Ashbey’s media (AM). The result shows that highest number of total heterotrophic bacteria in site C (46.0×106) cfu/g in irrigation site whereas higher count in non-irrigation site was (13.0×106) site D, the nitrogen fixing bacterial count in irrigation site was higher at site E with (12.0×106) and for the non-irrigation site was higher at site D with (14.0×106) The total heterotrophic bacteria isolated in the soil sample are the species of Bacillus alvei, Bacillus alvei, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas putida, Klebsiella aeruginosa and Enterobacter aeruginosa. Likewise, the Nitrogen fixing bacteria isolated are the species of Rhizobium leguminosarum, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus lentus, Azotobacter nigricans, Azotobacter tropicalis, Azotobacter spp, and Azotobacter tropicalis. The long history of agricultural activities in the lake area has directly influenced the diversity of microbial population in the area.

scholarly journals Inoculation with Different Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Affects Grain Protein Content and Nodule Bacterial Communities of a Fava Bean Crop

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Virginia Sánchez-Navarro ◽  
Raúl Zornoza ◽  
Ángel Faz ◽  
Catalina Egea-Gilabert ◽  
Margarita Ros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Bean Crop

The introduction of nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) into the soil is an advisable agricultural practice for the crop, since it enhances nutrient and water uptake and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The aim of this work was to study plant nutrition, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and crop yield and quality, after inoculating seeds with NFBs ((Rhizobium leguminosarum, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Burkholderia vietnamiensis)) and/or AMFs (Rhizophagus irregularis, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Claroideoglomus claroideum and Funneliformis mosseae) in a fava bean crop in two seasons. The composition of the nodule bacterial community was evaluated by the high-throughput sequencing analysis of bacterial 16 S rRNA genes. It was found that microbial inoculation accompanied by a 20% decrease in mineral fertilization had no significant effect on crop yield or the nutritional characteristics compared with a non-inoculated crop, except for an increase in the grain protein content in inoculated plants. None of the inoculation treatments increased biological nitrogen fixation over a non-inoculated level. The bacterial rRNA analysis demonstrated that the genus Rhizobium predominated in all nodules, both in inoculated and non-inoculated treatments, suggesting the previous presence of these bacteria in the soil. In our study, inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum was the most effective treatment for increasing protein content in seeds, while Burkholderia sp. was not able to colonise the plant nodules. Inoculation techniques used in fava beans can be considered an environmentally friendly alternative, reducing the input of fertilizers, while maintaining crop yield and quality, with the additional benefit of increasing the grain protein content. However, further research is required on the selection and detection of efficient rhizobial strains under local field conditions, above all those related to pH and soil type, in order to achieve superior nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

scholarly journals Influence of ammonium and moisture on survival and nifH transcription in the diazotrophic Pseudomonas mendocina S10

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Sushma SHARMA ◽  
Dileep K. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Pseudomonas Mendocina ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Nitrogen is important for crop productivity and usually added in form of urea into the soil which negatively affects the environment. It is important to utilize nitrogen fixing bacteria for improving the nitrogen content of soil in India. Here, we have isolated nitrogen fixing-bacteria Pseudomonas mendocina S10 from rhizospheric soil and studied its nitrogenase activity along with its survival under sterile soil conditions. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) PCR and Real-time quantitative PCR were employed to investigate the population and nifH transcripts level respectively in presence of ammonium and moisture additives. Strain S10 was capable of growth and expressing nifH transcripts in the presence of 2.5 mM ammonium and 20 percent water availability. Population of isolated strain and it’s nifH mRNA was found at low levels when exposed to 5 mM ammonium for 60 days of incubation period. However, viable bacterial count and nifH transcript levels remained low in the presence of 1.25 mM ammonium and zero percent water content. These findings indicate that isolated strain could tolerate ammonium up to 5 mM for 60 days and can maintained their cell viability in low moisture conditions. Results revealed the advantage of using gene expression to evaluate the physiological state of microorganism’s population in soil.

Nitrogen-Fixing Heterotrophic Bacteria in Coastal Waters: A Comparison of the Contribution Made by Sewage Effluent in a Temperate and a Tropical Environment

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Jones ◽  
M. Betaieb
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Clear Water ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
High Turbidity

Using identical techniques a comparison has been made between the distribution and survival of heterotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria from sewage in cold seawater of Morecambe Pay, UK, and warm seawater of Oahu, Hawaii, USA. In the colder seawater the predominant nitrogen-fixing bacteria are salinity-tolerant strains of Enterobacteriaceae (mainly klebsiellas) which come from sewage effluent discharged into the rivers and estuaries flowing into the bay. In the inshore warmer waters of Oahu, similar numbers of heterotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found but, although most are salinity-tolerant, they are not predominantly Enterobacteriaceae. Sewage effluent from Honolulu discharged into the sea is rapidly dispersed and the bacteria quickly killed by UV light which penetrates into the clear water. In Morecambe Bay, bacteria are found much further out to sea and they survive for much longer periods because sunshine levels are relatively low and light penetration is inhibited by high turbidity from suspended solids. Salinity-tolerance does not appear to have a high survival value for the nitrogen-fixing klebsiellas.

Fungicidal and Bactericidal Activity of the Alkyl-Substituted Guanidine-Containing Oligomers

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
M.Ya. Vortman ◽  
◽  
Yu.B. Pysmenna ◽  
A.I. Chuenko ◽  
D.R. Abdulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Alkyl Bromides ◽  
Base Form ◽  
Two Stages

Biocides are widely used in medicine and various industries to protect against a number of harmful microorganisms. Organic quaternary ammonium and guanidine-containing compounds, the biological action of which is based on membrane-toxic properties, are used as bactericidal preparations. The aim of this work was to study the bactericidal and fungicidal activities of the synthesized oligomeric alkylsubstituted guanidinium bromides with different radicals -C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21, against different isolates of heterotrophic bacteria and microscopic fungi. Methods. The synthesis of alkyl-substituted guanidiniumcontaining oligomers was performed in two stages. In the first stage, alkyl-substituted guanidine was obtained by the reaction of guanidine, previously converted by alkali from the salt form to the base form by the base and alkyl bromides (Alk=-C3H7 (propyl), -C7H15 (heptyl), -C10H21 (decyl)) in methanol at a temperature of 50°C and a molar ratio of 1:1. The second carried out the reaction between aromatic oligoepoxide DER-331 and alkyl-substituted guanidine in methanol at a temperature of 50°C for 2–3 hours and a molar ratio of 1:2. Bacteria were grown on meat-peptone agar for 48 hours at a temperature of 28±2°С. Test cultures of micromycetes were cultured on agar beer wort (6°B), incubated for 14 days in a thermostat at a temperature of 28±2°C. Antimicrobial activity of newly synthesized alkyl-substituted guanidinium-containing oligomers was determined by standard disco-diffusion method (method of disks on agar) and fungicidal activity was determined by the method of holes in agar. Results. Oligomeric alkylsubstituted guanidinium bromides with different radicals composed -C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21- synthesized by the reaction of guanidine alkyl bromides with aromatic oligoepoxydes. It was found that alkyl-substituted guanidinium-containing oligomers at a concentration of 1–3% inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli 475, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 465, Klebsiella pneumonia 479, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes 109, Staphylococcus aureus 451, E. faecalis 422, Rhodococcus erythropolis 102, Bacillus subtilis 138 and most of the studied micromycetes – Aureobasidium pullulans F-41430, Paecilomyces variotii F-41432, Penicillium funiculosum F-41435, Penicillium ochrochloron F-41431, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis F-41434, Trichoderma viride F-41437, Candida albicans F-41441, Aspergillus flavus F-41442, Aspergillus niger F-41448, Penicillium sp. F-41447. Conclusions. Antimicrobial and fungicidal properties significantly depend on the length of the alkyl radical, with increasing of its length the diameter of the zone of bacterial and micromycetes growth retardation increases.10.15407/microbiolj82.06.054

Sidrophore Production and Phosphate Solubilization by Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens Isolated from Iraqi Soils and Soil Characterization

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Raad Abbas ◽  
Aqeel Mohammed Majeed Al-Ezee ◽  
Sawsan H
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Zone Formation

This study was conducted to explore the ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus cereus to solubilizing a phosphate in soil for enhancing the planting growth and, its relation with soill characterization. The isolates were identified as P.fluorescens and B. cereus using convential analysis and, its phosphate solubilization ability and sidrophore was shown by the clear zone formation on National Botanical Research Institute���s Phosphate medium. Moreover, Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates (n = 9) and three of B. cereus isolated from agricultural area in Baghdad university, Mustansiriyah university and Diyala bridge. Results displayed that bacterial count were varied in soil samples according to their region, and ranging from 30 to 60 *10 2 CFU/g in Baghdad university soil to 10���20 *10 2 CFU/g in Mustansiriyah university soil, the Baghdad soil macronutrient which included: NH4, NO3, P, and K were, 8.42, 20.53, 19.09, 218.73 respectively, While the physio analysis revealed that the mean of pH was 7.3 and EC was 8.63. on the other hand the micronutrient analysis indicated that the soil samples were included Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu which gave their mean 5025.9, 8.9, 4.9, 0.5 and 1.5 respectevily. Results revealed that all isolated bacteria (9 isolates of P.fluorescens and three isolates of B. cereus gave ahalo zone which mean their ability to be phosphate solubilizing bacteria at 100%. Results revealed that all isolated bacteria were detected a ability to produce high levels from chelating agents (siderophores)) by P.fluorescens and. B cereus at 100%, when appeared ahalo clear zone. Furthermore, the high levels of phosphate solubilization and siderophore production were grouped in bacterial species isolated from Iraqi soils. might be attributed to many soil factors such as soil nutrient status, soil acidity, water content, organic matter and soil enzyme activities.

scholarly journals Cowpea symbiotic efficiency, pH and aluminum tolerance in nitrogen-fixing bacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Lima Soares ◽  
Paulo Avelar Ademar Ferreira ◽  
Silvia Maria de Oliveira-Longatti ◽  
Leandro Marciano Marra ◽  
Marcia Rufini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Symbiotic Efficiency
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