scholarly journals Application of QUECHERS Extraction Coupled With GC/MS for Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Organochloride Pesticides in Lake Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Magloire A. N. Gbaguidi ◽  
Alassane A. K Youssao ◽  
Michael K. Saizonou ◽  
Romain O. P. Singbo ◽  
Léonce F. Dovonon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organochloride Pesticides ◽  
Benin Republic

The extensive development of industries gives birth to many chemicals which brings contaminations towards environment. The present study is to apply QUECHERS extraction coupled with GC/MS for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochloride pesticides (OCPs) in Lake Nokoué of Benin Republic. The method was first benchmarked with standard PAHs and OCPs, and limit of detection (2-194 ppb) and limit of quantification (8-645 ppb) were obtained with recovery rate of 91-110%. The method was then applied to the detection of PAHs and OCPs in the lake water, no benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene or pyrene was detected. The main origin of PAH compounds in Nokoué Lagoon are material combustion and fuels for Polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons and due to remoteness pollution for organochorid pesticides compounds.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Cited by the United States Food and Drug Administration

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-616
Author(s):  
W Guthery ◽  
MJ Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Total Particulate Matter ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Cigarette Mainstream Smoke ◽  
Health Canada

AbstractThe yields of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined from cigarette mainstream smoke condensate extracts using Gas Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The method has been validated for ISO and Health Canada Intense (HCI) smoking protocols. Quantifiable levels (ISO means 0.16 to 365 ng/cig; HCI means 0.33 to 1595 ng/cig; n = 30) of 15 PAHs were found in the Kentucky reference cigarette K3R4F. The coefficient of variance (CV) was derived from ten determinations each run in triplicate. The CV range was 8.7% to 24.8% (ISO) and 6.6% to 24.3% (HCI). The limit of detection (LOD) based on empirical precision was ≤ 0.06 ng/cig (ISO) and ≤ 0.20 ng/cig (HCI) for all components except naphthalene (2.89 and 9.62 ng/cig, respectively). The yields from 5 unspecified branded cigarettes (Samples A-E) and 2 other reference cigarettes, K1R5F and the CORESTA monitor CM7, were determined under ISO smoking conditions. The same 15 PAHs were detected as in the K3R4F; however, cigarettes with lower yields of total particulate matter (TPM) were found to contain significantly less PAHs. One component was measured below the limit of quantification (LOQ) in Sample E and 2 components were < LOQ in the K1R5F.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples from a Nigerian bitumen seepage: Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry quantification

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
AU Itodo ◽  
R Sha’Ato ◽  
MI Arowojolu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Bitumen exploration was flagged off at Irele, a Nigerian field in 2003. The relationship between the seepage pollutants and receiving water bodies is the focus of this study. We hereby present the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) level in two categories of bitumen contaminated waters; source (RS) and delivery (RD) points. Results were compared with uncontaminated water (RC) as control experiment. The PAHs were extracted by Liquid-Liquid extraction using dichloromethane and analyzed by Gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS). The mean concentration of PAHs was 8.39, 3.93 and 0.57 ppb for source, delivery point and control respectively. The Benzo[e]pyrene concentrations obtained were higher than 1-10 ppb in most samples, indicating anthropogenic and petrogenic sources of the pollutants. Most of the PAH concentrations obtained were within natural concentrations, However, Benzo (e) pyrene and Indenol (1, 2, 3 – cd) pyrene exceeded the expected limit. The predominance of 4-6 member ring showed that the PAHs were more of pyrolytic than mixed sources. Method validation gave the Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification values in the range of 0.03-0.12 and 0.10-0.61 respectively. The Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) coefficient (r) was used to determine the interactions of the PAHs detected with parametric factors. All the physicochemical parameters studied except pH shows positive correlation. Statistical test at P <0.05 indicated that the difference in PAHs concentrations is not significant when compared with maximum acceptable PAHs concentration (MAC) for water, which is an indication that the water is safe.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(4), 319-326, 2018

An environmentally friendly method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different soil typologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Flavia De Nicola ◽  
Estefanía Concha-Graña ◽  
Enrica Picariello ◽  
Valeria Memoli ◽  
Giulia Maisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Industrial Soil ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Environmental contextPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread organic pollutants that tend to accumulate in soil. We developed an environmentally friendly analytical method for PAHs to evaluate human health risks associated with their presence in soils. The method is feasible for the analysis of soils with widely varying PAH contamination levels, and is well suited to environmental monitoring studies of relevance to human health. AbstractA microwave-assisted extraction, with a dispersive solid-phase purification step followed by programmed temperature vaporisation–gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, is proposed as an environmentally friendly, simple and cheap analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Different extraction and clean-up operating variables were tested to achieve satisfactory analytical performances: trueness from 92 to 114%, limit of quantification (LOQ) from 0.4 to 2µgkg−1 for most PAHs and intermediate precision, calculated as relative standard deviation (RSD), below 10%. The method was validated using both Certified Reference Material and real soil samples collected at sites subjected to different human activities. PAH contents ranged from 0.11 (in holm oak forest soil) to 1mgkg−1 d.w. (in an industrial soil) according to the anthropic gradient. The soil PAH contents measured were used to estimate the risk to human health, which suggested the exposure to the PAHs in soil as a potential risk for human health, especially at the industrial site. The feasibility of the method for soils with different PAH contamination degrees makes it relevant in monitoring programs.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and chlorinated pesticides in background air in central Europe – investigating parameters affecting wet scavenging of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Shahpoury ◽  
G. Lammel ◽  
A. Holubová Šmejkalová ◽  
J. Klánová ◽  
P. Přibylová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Wet Scavenging

Abstract. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated pesticides (CPs) were measured in air and precipitation at a background site in central Europe. ∑ PAH concentrations in air and rainwater ranged from 0.7 to 327.9 ng m−3 and below limit of quantification (< LOQ) to 2.1 × 103 ng L−1. The concentrations of PCBs and CPs in rainwater were < LOQ. ∑ PCB and ∑ CP concentrations in air ranged from < LOQ to 44.6 and < LOQ to 351.7 pg m−3, respectively. The potential relationships between PAH wet scavenging and particulate matter and rainwater properties were investigated. The concentrations of ionic species in particulate matter and rainwater were significantly correlated, highlighting the importance of particle scavenging process. Overall, higher scavenging efficiencies were found for relatively less volatile PAHs, underlining the effect of analyte gas-particle partitioning on scavenging process. The particulate matter removal by rain, and consequently PAH wet scavenging, was more effective when the concentrations of ionic species were high. In addition, the elemental and organic carbon contents of the particulate matter were found to influence the PAH scavenging.

scholarly journals Sample Preparation Improvement in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Determination in Olive Oils by Gel Permeation Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Martinez-López ◽  
Asuncion Morales-Noé ◽  
Agustin Pastor-Garcia ◽  
Angel Morales-Rubio ◽  
Miguel de la Guardia
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Fluorometric Detection ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract The determination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in olive oil samples has been improved in order to obtain a fast methodology with a low limit of detection through the combination of liquid–liquid extraction with acetonitrile and preparative gel permeation chromatography (GPC) prior to the injection of purified extracts into a C18 column. Acetonitrile–water was used as the mobile phase with a gradient from 50 to 95%, w/w, acetonitrile in 30 min. The oven temperature was maintained at 15°C, and fluorometric detection was made at a fixed excitation wavelength of 264 nm and variable, optimal emission wavelength for each analyte ranging from 352 nm for 11-H-benzo(b)fluorene to 500 nm for indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene. Recovery for all the compounds studied varied from 75 to 111%, and limit of detection values from 0.05 ng/g for benzo(k)fluoranthene to 0.48 ng/g for indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, corresponding to 0.09 ng/g benzo(a)pyrene. Results were compared with those obtained by liquid–liquid extraction followed by a cleanup on silica and a direct GPC treatment of oil samples diluted in dichloromethane, 2 other methodologies that are appropriate for quantifying PAHs in olive oils. However, the proposed method improves the determination limits, reduces the time of analysis, and provides a highly stable baseline for sample chromatograms.

scholarly journals Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Traditional Dry Cured Smoked Ham Slavonska Šunka

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krešimir Mastanjević ◽  
Brankica Kartalović ◽  
Jasmina Lukinac ◽  
Marko Jukić ◽  
Dragan Kovačević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Open Fire ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Slavonska šunka is a traditional dry-cured smoked ham. Smoking with open fire commonly results in the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) molecules in tissues. The objective of this research was to assess the types and concentrations of 16 PAHs in 30 samples of traditional dry-cured smoked ham Slavonska šunka. In general, all samples had high values of anthracene while higher levels of acenaphthylene were present in some samples. In sample SS1, the maximal value for anthracene reached 228.03 µg/kg, while sample SS28 had the lowest value of this PAH—33.38 µg/kg. SS1 had increased values for several other PAHs: benzo[a]anthracene (54.03 µg/kg), acenaphtene (19.90 µg/kg) and phenanthrene (27.11 µg/kg). Cancerogenic benzo[a]pyrene content was below the limit of quantification for all samples. PAH4 (benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene) concentrations were above legislative recommendation (>30 µg/kg) in seven samples. All the samples of Slavonska šunka had significant PAH16 concentrations, with the lowest value of 61.30 µg/kg (SS28) and the highest 462.83 µg/kg (SS1). The highest concentrations of PAHs were determined in the Vukovar–Srijem county samples. Another conclusion from this research is that samples smoked with elm tree showed high PAH concentrations in comparison to the ones smoked with beech and hornbeam.

Aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater, sediments and clams from Green Island, Great Barier Reef, Australia

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Smith ◽  
J Bagg ◽  
YO Sin
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Green Island

Seawater, sediment and clams from the coral reef around Green Island have been analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence for detection and identification of individual compounds. Green Island is of interest because it is a tourist resort and the most visited coral island of the Great Barrier Reef. The concentration ranges of some of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons detected were: in water (ng I-1), pyrene 53-< 1, anthracene 25-<1, benzo(a)pyrene 6-<0.2; in sediments (�g kg-1 dry wt), pyrene 15- < 1, anthracene, 1.0-<0.06, benzo(a)pyrene 4.3- <0.004; in clams (pg kg-1 wet wt), pyrene <0.03, anthracene < 0.05, benzo(a)pyrene <0.004. Only sediments near power-boat moorings were found to contain low but measurable amounts of several different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contrast to the baseline amounts found at ihe other locations. The presence of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at measurable levels strongly suggests that their origin was from fuel spillage or exhaust emissions. The fluorescent intensity of organic-solvent extracts of seawater which had also been analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was measured using either fixed-wavelength or synchronous-wavelength excitation. For both types of excitation, fluorescent intensities could be used to indicate the presence of small amounts of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons which were just above the limit of detection using high-performance liquid chromatography.

scholarly journals The Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contamination in Vegetables and Fruits Samples Marketed Tehran With Chemometric Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Khalili ◽  
Nabi Shariatifar ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Dehghani ◽  
Kamyar Yaghmaeian ◽  
Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Abstract The aim of current study was to evaluate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration and probabilistic health risk in vegetables and fruits samples of Tehran city, Iran during 2018-2019 using magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) ranged 0.040-0.084 and 0.121-0.253 μg/kg, respectively. The results showed that the highest PAH levels corresponded to acenaphthene (135.1±7.1µg/kg) and naphthalene (114.1±5.0 µg/kg) , whereas the lowest concentrations were those of Benzo(a)pyrene (not detected), Benzo(k)fluoranthene (not detected), Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (not detected), Benzo(b)fluoranthene (not detected) and Benzo(g,h,i)perylene (not detected). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to evaluate the correlation between the type and amount of 16 PAHs with vegetables and fruits samples. The results of Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) revealed that the mean of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) in vegetables and fruits is 5.2E-05 and 7.7E-05 higher than the acceptable risk level (10-6). Finally, the highest ILCR in fruits and vegetables was related to cucumber (5.1E-04) and tomato (4.3E-04), respectively. Therefore, monitoring the PAHs concentrations in both groups of vegetables and fruits is necessary.

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