scholarly journals Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Traditional Dry Cured Smoked Ham Slavonska Šunka

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krešimir Mastanjević ◽  
Brankica Kartalović ◽  
Jasmina Lukinac ◽  
Marko Jukić ◽  
Dragan Kovačević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Open Fire ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Slavonska šunka is a traditional dry-cured smoked ham. Smoking with open fire commonly results in the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) molecules in tissues. The objective of this research was to assess the types and concentrations of 16 PAHs in 30 samples of traditional dry-cured smoked ham Slavonska šunka. In general, all samples had high values of anthracene while higher levels of acenaphthylene were present in some samples. In sample SS1, the maximal value for anthracene reached 228.03 µg/kg, while sample SS28 had the lowest value of this PAH—33.38 µg/kg. SS1 had increased values for several other PAHs: benzo[a]anthracene (54.03 µg/kg), acenaphtene (19.90 µg/kg) and phenanthrene (27.11 µg/kg). Cancerogenic benzo[a]pyrene content was below the limit of quantification for all samples. PAH4 (benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene) concentrations were above legislative recommendation (>30 µg/kg) in seven samples. All the samples of Slavonska šunka had significant PAH16 concentrations, with the lowest value of 61.30 µg/kg (SS28) and the highest 462.83 µg/kg (SS1). The highest concentrations of PAHs were determined in the Vukovar–Srijem county samples. Another conclusion from this research is that samples smoked with elm tree showed high PAH concentrations in comparison to the ones smoked with beech and hornbeam.

scholarly journals Application of QUECHERS Extraction Coupled With GC/MS for Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Organochloride Pesticides in Lake Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Magloire A. N. Gbaguidi ◽  
Alassane A. K Youssao ◽  
Michael K. Saizonou ◽  
Romain O. P. Singbo ◽  
Léonce F. Dovonon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organochloride Pesticides ◽  
Benin Republic

The extensive development of industries gives birth to many chemicals which brings contaminations towards environment. The present study is to apply QUECHERS extraction coupled with GC/MS for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochloride pesticides (OCPs) in Lake Nokoué of Benin Republic. The method was first benchmarked with standard PAHs and OCPs, and limit of detection (2-194 ppb) and limit of quantification (8-645 ppb) were obtained with recovery rate of 91-110%. The method was then applied to the detection of PAHs and OCPs in the lake water, no benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene or pyrene was detected. The main origin of PAH compounds in Nokoué Lagoon are material combustion and fuels for Polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons and due to remoteness pollution for organochorid pesticides compounds.

An environmentally friendly method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different soil typologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Flavia De Nicola ◽  
Estefanía Concha-Graña ◽  
Enrica Picariello ◽  
Valeria Memoli ◽  
Giulia Maisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Industrial Soil ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Environmental contextPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread organic pollutants that tend to accumulate in soil. We developed an environmentally friendly analytical method for PAHs to evaluate human health risks associated with their presence in soils. The method is feasible for the analysis of soils with widely varying PAH contamination levels, and is well suited to environmental monitoring studies of relevance to human health. AbstractA microwave-assisted extraction, with a dispersive solid-phase purification step followed by programmed temperature vaporisation–gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, is proposed as an environmentally friendly, simple and cheap analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Different extraction and clean-up operating variables were tested to achieve satisfactory analytical performances: trueness from 92 to 114%, limit of quantification (LOQ) from 0.4 to 2µgkg−1 for most PAHs and intermediate precision, calculated as relative standard deviation (RSD), below 10%. The method was validated using both Certified Reference Material and real soil samples collected at sites subjected to different human activities. PAH contents ranged from 0.11 (in holm oak forest soil) to 1mgkg−1 d.w. (in an industrial soil) according to the anthropic gradient. The soil PAH contents measured were used to estimate the risk to human health, which suggested the exposure to the PAHs in soil as a potential risk for human health, especially at the industrial site. The feasibility of the method for soils with different PAH contamination degrees makes it relevant in monitoring programs.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and chlorinated pesticides in background air in central Europe – investigating parameters affecting wet scavenging of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Shahpoury ◽  
G. Lammel ◽  
A. Holubová Šmejkalová ◽  
J. Klánová ◽  
P. Přibylová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Wet Scavenging

Abstract. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated pesticides (CPs) were measured in air and precipitation at a background site in central Europe. ∑ PAH concentrations in air and rainwater ranged from 0.7 to 327.9 ng m−3 and below limit of quantification (< LOQ) to 2.1 × 103 ng L−1. The concentrations of PCBs and CPs in rainwater were < LOQ. ∑ PCB and ∑ CP concentrations in air ranged from < LOQ to 44.6 and < LOQ to 351.7 pg m−3, respectively. The potential relationships between PAH wet scavenging and particulate matter and rainwater properties were investigated. The concentrations of ionic species in particulate matter and rainwater were significantly correlated, highlighting the importance of particle scavenging process. Overall, higher scavenging efficiencies were found for relatively less volatile PAHs, underlining the effect of analyte gas-particle partitioning on scavenging process. The particulate matter removal by rain, and consequently PAH wet scavenging, was more effective when the concentrations of ionic species were high. In addition, the elemental and organic carbon contents of the particulate matter were found to influence the PAH scavenging.

scholarly journals Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Heregovački pršut—Traditionally Smoked Prosciutto

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5097
Author(s):  
Krešimir Mastanjević ◽  
Leona Puljić ◽  
Brankica Kartalović ◽  
Jozo Grbavac ◽  
Marija Jukić Grbavac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Priority Pollutants ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Open Fire ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Hercegovački pršut as a traditional dry-cured smoked ham (prosciutto) produced by using an open fire that can be potentially contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and can pose a health risk for consumers. The aim of this research was to identify the types and concentrations of 16 PAHs in 34 samples of traditionally smoked prosciutto. Out of 16 investigated PAHs, identified in the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) list of priority pollutants, 14 compounds were detected. Average levels of cancerogenic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and PAH4 (benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), chrysene (Chry), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)) ranged from <LOQ (level of quantification) to 5.08 μg/kg and 0.45 μg/kg to 22.67 μg/kg. Two analyzed samples exceeded currently prescribed values according to the Bosnia and Herzegovina legislation for BaP concentrations and one sample for PAH4 content. PAH16 concentrations were on average between 2.92 μg/kg and 87.6 μg/kg. The highest PAH concentrations were found in samples from the Herzegovina-Neretva canton. The results of the research highlight the importance of standardizing smoking procedures and manufacturing practice, in the production of Hercegovački pršut, in order to reduce the PAH content.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Cited by the United States Food and Drug Administration

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-616
Author(s):  
W Guthery ◽  
MJ Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Total Particulate Matter ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Cigarette Mainstream Smoke ◽  
Health Canada

AbstractThe yields of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined from cigarette mainstream smoke condensate extracts using Gas Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The method has been validated for ISO and Health Canada Intense (HCI) smoking protocols. Quantifiable levels (ISO means 0.16 to 365 ng/cig; HCI means 0.33 to 1595 ng/cig; n = 30) of 15 PAHs were found in the Kentucky reference cigarette K3R4F. The coefficient of variance (CV) was derived from ten determinations each run in triplicate. The CV range was 8.7% to 24.8% (ISO) and 6.6% to 24.3% (HCI). The limit of detection (LOD) based on empirical precision was ≤ 0.06 ng/cig (ISO) and ≤ 0.20 ng/cig (HCI) for all components except naphthalene (2.89 and 9.62 ng/cig, respectively). The yields from 5 unspecified branded cigarettes (Samples A-E) and 2 other reference cigarettes, K1R5F and the CORESTA monitor CM7, were determined under ISO smoking conditions. The same 15 PAHs were detected as in the K3R4F; however, cigarettes with lower yields of total particulate matter (TPM) were found to contain significantly less PAHs. One component was measured below the limit of quantification (LOQ) in Sample E and 2 components were < LOQ in the K1R5F.

scholarly journals Urban honey - the aspects of its safety

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica S. Jovetić ◽  
Azra S. Redžepović ◽  
Nebojša M. Nedić ◽  
Denis Vojt ◽  
Slađana Z. Đurđić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Floral Nectar ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

AbstractTo contribute to the development of urban beekeeping, we designed this study to obtain more information about the contamination of urban bee products with toxic metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and pesticides. The samples of honey (N=23), pollen (N=13), and floral nectar (N=6) were collected from the experimental stationary apiary of the Belgrade University Faculty of Agriculture located in centre of Zemun (a municipality of the Belgrade metropolitan area) in 2015 and 2016. Metals (Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, and Hg) were determined with inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed with high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Pesticides were analysed with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The honey samples were generally within the European and Serbian regulatory limits. The levels of all the 123 analysed pesticides were below the limit of quantification (LOQ). Regarding PAH levels in honey, the highest content was found for naphthalene. The elevated levels of Hg and Cr and of PAHs in the pollen samples indicated air pollution. Pesticide residues in pollen, however, were below the LOQ. In nectar, metal levels were relatively similar to those in honey. Our results suggest that the investigated urban honey meets the regulatory requirements for metals, PAHs, and pesticides and is therefore safe for consumption.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Smoking Procedures on the Content of 16 PAHs in Traditional Dry Cured Smoked Meat “Hercegovačka Pečenica”

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Puljić ◽  
Krešimir Mastanjević ◽  
Brankica Kartalović ◽  
Dragan Kovačević ◽  
Jelena Vranešević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inner Parts

During smoking, meat products may get contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), especially the ones that are smoked in traditional (uncontrolled) conditions. This study aims to evaluate the difference in PAH content in samples of traditional dry cured pork meat products, “Hercegovačka pečenica”, produced in (1) a traditional smokehouse and (2) in industrial chambers. The study revealed that the content of the four priority PAHs (PAH4) in samples produced in a traditional smoking manner highly exceeded (up to 10 times) the maximal limits set for PAHs (12 µg/kg). PAH4 in all samples subjected to industrial smoking procedures was below the limit of quantification. All samples had below-the-limit-of-quantification values for Benzo[a]pyrene. The surface layer of the samples produced in traditional conditions had the highest total content of PAH16. The inner parts of all samples, whether traditional or industrial, had significantly lower PAH16 concentration than the surface layer.

Evaluation of Aldehydes, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, and PM2.5 Levels in Food Trucks: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 443-451
Author(s):  
Holden Phillips ◽  
Jonghwa Oh
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Food Trucks ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Exposure Risks ◽  
Ventilation Performance ◽  
American Society

Background: The food truck industry has rapidly expanded in the United States and kitchen environments can contain harmful contaminants from cooking emissions. The objective of this study was to examine the levels of aldehydes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and Particulate Matter (PM)2.5 generated from cooking process in food trucks. Methods: Area sampling was performed twice at two participating food trucks during work shifts. Nine aldehydes and eighteeen PAHs were analyzed according to the relevant standard methods while PM2.5 was measured with a real time monitor. Ventilation performance of the food truck exhaust hoods was also investigated using a thermal anemometer. Findings: Formaldehyde was the only aldehyde detected in all samples with a concentration range of 7.16 to 53.68 µg/m3. No PAHs were detected above the limit of quantification. Average PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 0.65 to 7.03 mg/m3. Food Trucks 1 and 2 have an average exhaust flow rate of 211 and 215 L/s per linear meter of hood, respectively. Conclusions/Application to practice: Overall, Food Truck 2 had consistently higher levels of aldehydes and PM2.5 with comparable ventilation performance as Food Truck 1. The higher exposure levels of Food Truck 2 could possibly be attributed to a larger volume of food orders and the heavy duty cooking equipment with an exhaust flow rate below the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) recommendations. Although more investigations need to be performed, the findings could be used to raise awareness of food truck workers and health practitioners to reduce potential exposure risks.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples from a Nigerian bitumen seepage: Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry quantification

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
AU Itodo ◽  
R Sha’Ato ◽  
MI Arowojolu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Bitumen exploration was flagged off at Irele, a Nigerian field in 2003. The relationship between the seepage pollutants and receiving water bodies is the focus of this study. We hereby present the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) level in two categories of bitumen contaminated waters; source (RS) and delivery (RD) points. Results were compared with uncontaminated water (RC) as control experiment. The PAHs were extracted by Liquid-Liquid extraction using dichloromethane and analyzed by Gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS). The mean concentration of PAHs was 8.39, 3.93 and 0.57 ppb for source, delivery point and control respectively. The Benzo[e]pyrene concentrations obtained were higher than 1-10 ppb in most samples, indicating anthropogenic and petrogenic sources of the pollutants. Most of the PAH concentrations obtained were within natural concentrations, However, Benzo (e) pyrene and Indenol (1, 2, 3 – cd) pyrene exceeded the expected limit. The predominance of 4-6 member ring showed that the PAHs were more of pyrolytic than mixed sources. Method validation gave the Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification values in the range of 0.03-0.12 and 0.10-0.61 respectively. The Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) coefficient (r) was used to determine the interactions of the PAHs detected with parametric factors. All the physicochemical parameters studied except pH shows positive correlation. Statistical test at P <0.05 indicated that the difference in PAHs concentrations is not significant when compared with maximum acceptable PAHs concentration (MAC) for water, which is an indication that the water is safe.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(4), 319-326, 2018

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