The Effect of Different Substrates on the Growth of Enterolobium contortisiliquum

Brazilian origin species Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae) is distributed from north to south of the country. The species is a pioneer and important in the manufacture of furniture, boats and canoes, and presents easy handling also being significant for degraded areas recovery programs. As a result, management plans are necessary for the survival of this species. In the context of reforestation and recovery of degraded areas, the production of seedlings of native forest species occurs in nurseries and the quality of these plants depends on several factors, among which, the composition of the substrates is a factor of great importance for having its physical, chemical and biological characteristics directly linked to the growth of the seedlings. The study was based on obtaining knowledge and potential applicability in seedling production, subjecting it to different substrates, in order to evaluate their growth in height, diameter, number of leaves and biomass. The behavior presented by the species suggests its potential for reforestation turned to production and conservationism, since it revealed tolerance to the various types of substrates and better results with the use of organic matter added to the substrate.

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Influência da Casca de Arroz Carbonizada no Desenvolvimento de Mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (VELL.) Morong

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽

10.17921/1415-5141.2018v22n2p76-80 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Vinícius Moreira Vaz ◽

Douglas Santos Gonçalves ◽

Priscila Bezerra De Souza

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Quality Index ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Native Forest ◽

Seedling Production ◽

University Campus ◽

Forest Nursery ◽

Forest Species ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Dickson Quality Index

Entre as espécies florestais nativas indicadas para a recuperação de áreas degradas está o Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, pouco se sabe sobre os processos germinativos e de produção de mudas desta espécie. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da casca de arroz carbonizada no desenvolvimento de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, campus Universitário de Gurupi – TO, em que foram instalados cinco tratamentos e 20 repetições, com adição de Casca de Arroz Carbonizada (CAC) no substrato comercial Bioflora® (SCB), nas proporções de (T1) 0% CAC + 100% SCB, (T2) 25% CAC + 75% SCB, (T3) 50% CAC + 50% SCB, (T4) 75% CAC + 25% SCB e (T5) 100% CAC. Aos 20, 40 e 60 dias, após a semeadura, foram avaliados os parâmetros altura da parte aérea e diâmetro do coleto. Ao final de 60 dias foram obtidos os parâmetros: peso da massa seca da raiz, peso da massa seca da parte aérea, peso da massa seca total e índice de qualidade de Dickson. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas através do Software Assistat 7.7 pelo teste Scott e Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. O uso de casca de arroz carbonizada (CAC) influenciou no desenvolvimento de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. Palavras-chave: Substratos Alternativos. Tamboril. Viveiro Florestal AbstractAmong the native forest species indicated for the recovery of degraded areas is Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, little is known about the germination processes and seedling production of this species. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of carbonized rice husk on the development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the Forest Nursery of the Federal University of Tocantins, University campus of Gurupi - TO, five treatments and 20 replicates were installed, with the addition of Carbonized Rice Peel (CAC) in the commercial substratum Bioflora ® (SCB), in proportions (T1) 0% CAC + 100% SCB, (T2) 25% CAC + 75% SCB, (T3) 50% CAC + 50% SCB, (T4) 75% CAC + 25% SCB and (T5) 100% CAC . At 20, 40 and 60 days after sowing, the parameters of shoot height and shoot diameter were evaluated. At the end of 60 days, the following parameters were obtained: root dry mass weight, shoot dry mass weight, total dry mass weight and Dickson quality index. The used experimental design was completely randomized (DIC), the means of the treatments were compared using Software Assistat 7.7 by the Scott and Knott test at the 5% probability level. The use of carbonized rice husk (CAC) influenced the development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seedlings. Keywords: Alternative Substrates. Monkfish. Forest Nursery

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Produção e qualidade de mudas de Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata (Benth.) Altschul sob substratos e bioestimulador

Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB ◽

10.18265/1517-0306a2020v1n52p169-178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (52) ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Orivaldo Benedito da Silva ◽

Ademir Goelzer ◽

Thiago De Oliveira Carnevali ◽

Fernando Henrique Moreira Dos Santos ◽

Néstor Antonio Heredia Zárate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Soil ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Native Forest ◽

Soil Microbiota ◽

Restricted Sense ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Plant Stem ◽

Chemical Attributes

<p class="Default">The aim of this work is to evaluate the chemical attributes of substrate, emergence, survival and quality of Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata (Benth.) Altschul (angico-do-cerrado) seedlings in different substrates and with or without biostimulator of soil microbiota. We evaluated three types of substrates – ‘Cerrado’ soil (restricted sense), commercial Tropstrato® substrate and native forest soil (‘Cerradão’) – with or without biostimulator application, arranged in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, in randomized blocks, with four repetitions. Seedling emergence was low (38.05%), but the highest survival occurred with application of biostimulator (81.01%) and commercial substrate (87.61%). The highest height (8.60 cm), number of leaves (13.00/plant), stem diameter (1.86 mm) and leaf area (43.44 cm2/plant) of seedlings as well as highest dry masses, occurred in the native forest soil, the dry masses were also favored with the application of biostimulator. Results indicated that native forest substrate and biostimulator application provides greater growth and quality of ‘angico-docerrado’ seedlings.</p>

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Growth and quality of mangosteen seedlings (Garcinia mangostana L.) in response to the application of humic acids

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452019104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gedeon Almeida Gomes Júnior ◽

Rafaela Alves Pereira ◽

George Andrade Sodré ◽

Eduardo Gross

Keyword(s):

Humic Acids ◽

Quality Index ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Seedling Production ◽

Garcinia Mangostana ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

The One ◽

Dickson Quality Index

Abstract The time of formation of mangosteen seedlings propagated by seeds can be considered as the biggest difficulty in the seedling production system of this species. Considering that the use of humic acids as a growth promoter has been well documented in some species, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of mangosteen seedlings in response to the application of humic acid (HA) doses extracted from vermicompost (0; 2; 20; 40; 200 mg C L-1). Growth rate was determined using the following variables: stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem dry matter, leaf dry matter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter and Dickson quality index . The dose 150 mg C L-1 was the one that approached the maximum values and therefore should be recommended for the production of seedlings. The results at 240 days after planting (DAP) showed that the HA increased the growth of mangosteen seedlings, helping to reduce the time of seedling formation under conditions for permanent planting.

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The Effects of Different Supplementary Light Sources on the Quality of Grafted Tomato Seedlings and the Expression of Two Photosynthetic Genes

10.20944/preprints201808.0443.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Wei ◽

Jiangtao Hu ◽

Chen Liu ◽

Mengzhao Wang ◽

Jin Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Light Sources ◽

Seedling Production ◽

White Leds ◽

Tomato Seedlings ◽

Photosynthetic Genes ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Supplementary Lighting

Supplementary lighting is commonly used in high-quality seedling production. In this study, grafted tomato seedlings were grown for 10 days in a glasshouse with a 16-hour daily supplementary lighting at 100 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD from either high pressure sodium (HPS), metal halide (MH), far-red (FR), white LEDs (W), or mixed LEDs (W1R2B1) to determine which light sources improve the seedling quality. The control did not have any supplementary light. The physiological parameters and the expression of genes related to photosynthesis were analyzed. The results show that the root length, biomass, number of leaves, chlorophyll (SPAD), dry weight to height ratio (WHR) of the scion, and specific leaf weight (SLW) were the greatest for grafted seedlings grown in W1R2B1. The level of root ball formation was the greatest for seedlings grown in W1R2B1, followed by those grown in W, HPS, and MH. Seedlings grown in FR did not fare very well, as they were very thin and weak. Moreover, the expression of two photosynthetic genes (PsaA and PsbA) was significantly increased by W1R2B1 and W, which suggests that the plastid or nuclear genes might be regulated. The overall results suggest that W1R2B1 was the most suitable light source to enhance the quality of grafted tomato seedlings. The results of this study could be used as a reference for seedling production in glasshouses, and provide new insights in the research of lights affecting the development of plants.

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Holocalyx balansae: ASPECTOS FENOLÓGICOS, MORFOLÓGICOS E GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v44i4.30999 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 677

Author(s):

Marciele Felippi ◽

Solon Jonas Longhi ◽

Maristela Machado Araújo

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Physiological Characteristics ◽

Native Forest ◽

Seedling Production ◽

Forest Species ◽

Ripe Fruit ◽

Morphological Aspects ◽

Phenological Changes

O reduzido conhecimento sobre aspectos básicos relacionados à autoecologia de espécies florestais nativas inviabiliza a elaboração de estratégias para o manejo adequado de florestas, restauração e produção de mudas. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a época de floração e frutificação, morfologia da flor, fruto, semente, plântula e muda de Holocalyx balansae Micheli (alecrim), além de analisar características físicas e fisiológicas de um lote de sementes. As observações fenológicas foram realizadas mensalmente. O lote de sementes foi formado a partir de seis indivíduos que apresentaram frutos maduros no mesmo período. A presença de flores ocorreu em dois períodos (fevereiro e junho a setembro), da mesma forma que os frutos maduros (novembro e de março a abril). Observaram-se variações fenológicas, conforme o ano e entre árvores no mesmo período, sugerindo a marcação de maior número de exemplares arbóreos marcados do que se deseja coletar. A germinação é hipógea. O tamanho dos frutos e sementes foi variável, resultando em 793 sementes por quilograma, com 83% de germinação, entretanto, sob condições ambientais, ao observar a emergência das plântulas, esse valor decresceu expressivamente (51%), devendo este ser um fator considerado no planejamento de produção de mudas.Palavras-chave: Papilionoideae; floração; frutificação; emergência; muda. AbstractHolocalyx balansae: phenological and morphological aspects, and seed germination. The lack of knowledge about basic aspects related to autoecology of native forest species prevents the development of strategies for appropriate forest management, restoration and production of seedlings. This research aimed to characterize the time of flowering and fruitification, the morphology of flowers, fruits, seeds, seedling and changes of Holocalyx balansae Micheli (rosemary), and analyzing physical and physiological characteristics of a seed lot. We conducted monthly phenological observations. The seed lot had six individuals that exhibited ripe fruits in the same period. The presence of flowers occurred in two periods (February and June to September), just as the ripe fruit (November and March to April). We observed phenological changes during the year between trees in the same period, suggesting that it is necessary to mark a largest number of arboreal specimens than the ones you want to collect. Germination is hypogeal. The size of the fruits and seeds was variable, resulting in 793 seeds per kilogram, with 83% of germination, however, under environment conditions, observing seedling emergence, this value decreased significantly (51%), it should be a factor to be considered in seedling production planning.Keywords: Papilionoideae; flowering; fruiting; emergency; seedling.

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Characteristics of the Frequency-Following Response to Speech in Neonates and Potential Applicability in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 1618-1635

Author(s):

Céline Richard ◽

Mary Lauren Neel ◽

Arnaud Jeanvoine ◽

Sharon Mc Connell ◽

Alison Gehred ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Frequency Following Response ◽

Ovid Medline ◽

Published Evidence ◽

Mesh Terms ◽

Potential Applicability ◽

Clinical Potential

Purpose We sought to critically analyze and evaluate published evidence regarding feasibility and clinical potential for predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes of the frequency-following responses (FFRs) to speech recordings in neonates (birth to 28 days). Method A systematic search of MeSH terms in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied HealthLiterature, Embase, Google Scholar, Ovid Medline (R) and E-Pub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily, Web of Science, SCOPUS, COCHRANE Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed. Manual review of all items identified in the search was performed by two independent reviewers. Articles were evaluated based on the level of methodological quality and evidence according to the RTI item bank. Results Seven articles met inclusion criteria. None of the included studies reported neurodevelopmental outcomes past 3 months of age. Quality of the evidence ranged from moderate to high. Protocol variations were frequent. Conclusions Based on this systematic review, the FFR to speech can capture both temporal and spectral acoustic features in neonates. It can accurately be recorded in a fast and easy manner at the infant's bedside. However, at this time, further studies are needed to identify and validate which FFR features could be incorporated as an addition to standard evaluation of infant sound processing evaluation in subcortico-cortical networks. This review identifies the need for further research focused on identifying specific features of the neonatal FFRs, those with predictive value for early childhood outcomes to help guide targeted early speech and hearing interventions.

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Systematic approaches in water management: Aquatic outlook and decision support systems combining monitoring, research, policy analysis and information technology

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0291 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 34 (12) ◽

pp. 9-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. de Jong ◽

J. T. van Buuren ◽

J. P. A. Luiten

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Policy Analysis ◽

Research Policy ◽

Human Life ◽

Management Policy ◽

Ecological Aspects ◽

Management Plans ◽

Water Management Plans ◽

Life On Earth

Sustained developments is the target of almost every modern water management policy. Sustainability is focused on human life and on the ecological quality of our environment. Both aspects are essential for life on earth. Within a river catchment area this means that well balanced relations have to be laid between human activities and ecological aspects in the involved areas. Policy analysis is especially looking for the most efficient way to analyse and to overcome bottlenecks. In The Netherlands project “The Aquatic Outlook” all these elements are worked out in a nationwide scale, providing the scientific base and policy analysis from which future water management plans can be derived.

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The real concept of substitution in Ayurveda literature and adulteration the misleading concept of modern era

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v3i3.12890 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ashashri Shinde ◽

Pankaj Gupta ◽

Sudipt Rath

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Material ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Herbal Drugs ◽

Material Identification ◽

The Real ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Unfair Trade ◽

Modern Era

A quality drug is central to the success of any therapeutic plan. The quality of drug is determined right from the collection to delivery to the patients. The commonest problem involving the medicinal plant stating materials is intentional or unintentional substitution and adulteration owing to multiple reasons like unavailability, higher costs, unfair trade etc. This trend was also present in the olden days, as evident from the concept of substitute drugs (Pratinidhi Dravya) as available in Yogratanakara, Bhavaprakasha and Bhaishajyaratnawali. Therefore, Charka and later Acharyas also have dealt with authentication and standardization of herbal drugs and formulations in detail by using four Pramanas (tools of knowledge) Ch.Vi.8/87. Nowadays the concept of substitution is entirely converted into intentional and unintentional malpractices of adulteration. The established authenticity parameters for plant material identification and standardization like organoleptic, physical, chemical and genetic parameters are relatively inaccessible for routine use. Not withstanding the accuracy and usefulness of these lab parameters and delay in the development of easy to perform parameters for reasonable drug authentication. These adulteration malpractices spoils the market of herbal industries. In this article we discuss about concept of substitution in ancient Ayurveda and at present intentional and unintentional adulteration practices.

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