scholarly journals Essential Oils in the Diet of Crossbred (½ Angus vs. ½ Nellore) Bulls Finished in Feedlot on Animal Performance, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayane Cristina Rivaroli ◽  
Rodolpho Martin Do Prado ◽  
Mariana Garcia Ornaghi ◽  
Camila Mottin ◽  
Tatiane Rogério Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the animal performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics of 27 crossbred bulls (½ Angus vs. ½ Nellore), finished in feedlot for 120 days, with the addition of distinct levels of essential oils in the diets. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized trial and animals were distributed into three treatments: control (CON), addition of 500 mg/kg of DM/animal/day of a mix of essential oils (E500), and addition of 1000 mg/kg of DM/animal/day of a mix of essential oils (E1000). The essential oils supplemented to the diets were based on a combination of vegetal extracts from: oregano, garlic, lemon, rosemary, thymus, eucalyptus and sweet orange. The bulls had an average age of 12±2 months and weight of 243.4±6.8 kg when the trial started. The roughage and concentrate ratio was 10% and 90%, respectively. The inclusion of essentials oils in the diets did not affect final body weight, average daily gain, and feed intake, but there was a tendency for improved feed efficiency for the E500 treatment. The ADG ranged from 1.55 to 1.70. Average DMI and feed conversion were 7.07 kg/day and 4.31, respectively. Essentials oil levels did not affect the carcass characteristics. More studies are needed to elucidate the synergism of combinations of essential oils in the rumen.

scholarly journals 340 Impact of essential oils blend on beef cattle performance and carcass characteristics in diets with increasing corn silage inclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 138-139
Author(s):  
Hannah C Wilson ◽  
Henry Hilscher ◽  
Zachary E Carlson ◽  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
Andrea K Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract A feedlot study was conducted comparing a natural feed additive (essential oils blend) at varying silage inclusions on receiving and finishing performance. The study utilized 480 crossbred steers (initial shrunk BW 296 kg ± 7.72 kg) in 48 pens with 10 steers/pen and 8 pens per treatment. Treatments were designed as a 2 × 3 factorial with 3 inclusions of corn silage [14, 47, 80 %; dry matter (DM) basis] with or without (+, -) the inclusion of an essential oils (EO) blend. All treatment diets contained 16% modified distillers grains plus solubles and 4% supplement with dry-rolled corn replacing corn silage (CS) on a DM basis. Steers were fed at 80% CS inclusion and adapted to 47% and 14% CS over a 10 and 24-d period, respectively. Cattle fed 80% CS were fed for 238 days, 47% CS for 195 days, and 14% CS were fed for 168 days to a common backfat of 1.28 cm (P > 0.59). There were no interactions for corn silage inclusion and the inclusion of essential oils on final body weight (FBW), dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), gain to feed ratio (G:F), hot carcass weight (HCW), longissimus muscle (LM) area, marbling, or calculated yield grade (CYG; P > 0.15). There was no significant difference for FBW, DMI, ADG, G:F, HCW, LM area, marbling, or CYG for cattle fed EO or no EO. However, there was a quadratic response for FBW, ADG, G:F, HCW, marbling and CYG with increased inclusion of corn silage (P < 0.04). Feeding corn silage at greater inclusions decreased animal performance but increased final body weight when fed to an equal fatness. Essential oils did not affect animal performance or carcass characteristics. However, feeding greater amounts of corn silage can be an economical way to finish cattle.

scholarly journals Effect of replacing maize with sorghum, millet or 'acha' on the growth and carcass characteristics of broiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
S. Haladu ◽  
E. B. Sonaiya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Daily Gain

Maize,which suppliesmost of the energy in poultry feeds, has low yields inNigeria and there is competition for the limited harvest of maize between industrial, livestock and human needs. Thus, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects on the growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens of replacing the high inputs grain,maize,with a low inputs grain, 'acha', or medium inputs grains, sorghum and millet. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets for both the starter and finisher phases were formulated with maize, sorghum, millet and 'acha' as the main source of energy and were used as treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.Marshall broiler birds were brooded up to 2 weeks before the treatments were introduced that lasted six weeks.Up to 8 weeks of age, body weight, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and mortality were recorded weekly. The results of the study show no significant differences (P>0.05) between the four treatments in final body weight and average daily gain but birds on treatment 4 ('acha') had significantly lower feed intake and superior feed conversion ratio than the other experimental diets. Itwas concluded thatmaize can be replaced with sorghum, millet and 'acha' without adverse effects on the performance of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels in diets with high lysine for growing and finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraia Viana Ferreira ◽  
Lívia Maria dos Reis Barbosa ◽  
Camila Schultz Marcolla ◽  
Marcos Henrique Soares ◽  
Dante Teixeira Valente Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy Intake ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of metabolizable energy (ME) levels in diets with high digestible lysine concentration on performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of barrows from 95 to 158 days of age. Eighty commercial hybrid barrows (50 ± 1.82 kg) selected for lean meat deposition, were assigned to four dietary treatments (3,150, 3,235, 3,320, and 3,400 kcal EM kg-1) in a randomized design with 10 replicate pens per treatment and two pigs per pen. From 95 to 116 days of age, we observed no effects of ME on final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), metabolizable energy intake (MEI), and feed conversion (F: G). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) decreased linearly with increasing ME levels (? = 5.79961 - 0.00096790X - r2 = 0.89). From 95 to 137 days of age, no effects of ME were observed on final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), metabolizable energy intake (MEI), and feed conversion (F: G). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) decreased linearly with increasing ME (?= 6.1176 - 0.001X - r2= 0.97). From 95 to 158 days, of age no effects of ME were observed on FBW and ADG. Dietary ME influenced the ADFI and F: G, which decreased linearly with increasing ME concentrations (?= 8.12951 - 0.00149X - r2= 0.99; ?= 6.0914 - 0.001X - r² = 0.75, respectively). There was a linear increase in loin eye area (LEA) with increasing ME (? = - 29.851 + 0.0207 X - r² = 0.87). Backfat thickness, pH, and temperature, measured at different times after slaughter (0 min, 45 min, 3 h, and 24 h), were not affected by dietary ME. The level of ME also did not affect the meat quality parameters Color L*, Color a*, Color b*, Warner-Bratzler shear force, thaw water losses, cooking water losses, sum of water losses, intramuscular fat content, and TBARS. Diets with 3,400 kcal kg-1 ME, corresponding to 2.75, 2.57, and 2.31 g digestible lysine/Mcal of ME for pigs from 95 to 116, 116 to 137, and 95 to 158 days of age, respectively, resulted in best performance and carcass traits, without negative effects on meat quality.

scholarly journals Productive and metabolic increments of the inclusion of Broussonetia papyrifera to replace maize silage in growing goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
Jinling Hua ◽  
Tianfeng Xu ◽  
Quanwen Shen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Guijuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Daily Gain

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of Broussonetia papyrifera (BP) on growth performance, rumen fermentation, digestion and meat quality in Huanghuai white goats. Diets were developed with increasing doses of BP to replace maize silage [0% (control), 15% (BP15), 30% (BP30) and 45% (BP45)]. The design was completely randomized with 4 groups of 10 animals each, totalizing 40 animals (aged 150 ± 10 days and body weight of 25.32 ± 0.52 kg). Final body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake increased (linear and quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) as BP increased in the diet. The highest body weight and average daily gain were seen in the BP30 group. Feed conversion ratio also improved significantly (linear and quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) with the increasing level of BP. Although the concentration of microbial protein (MCP) in a linear (P = 0.0028) and quadratic (P = 0.0035) fashion with increasing level of BP, however, NH<sub>3</sub>-N in a quadratic (P = 0.0841) fashion with increasing level of BP. Crude protein was increased with increasing BP in the diets (linear and quadratic, P &lt; 0.05). Nitrogen intake, urinary excretion nitrogen and nitrogen retention were significantly improved (linear and quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) with dietary BP addition in goats. Dietary BP supplementation increased pH (linear and quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) and tended to reduce L* (lightness) (linear and quadratic, P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the redness value of meat was significantly improved by BP addition (linear and quadratic, P &lt; 0.05). The inclusion of BP in the goat diet promotes growth and increases the digestibility of crude protein in addition to improving the meat colour and rumen fermentation.

scholarly journals Influence of Crossbreeding of Ghezel Ram With Grey Shirazi Ewe on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Traits of Fattening Lambs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolhamid Karimi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Abarghuei ◽  
Alidad Boostani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Group 12

Abstract In this investigation, performance, feed efficiency and carcass traits of 48 weaned crossbred Grey Shirazi × Ghezel and purbred Grey Shirazi fattening lambs (mean live weight, 28.5 ± 0.5 kg and age, 115 ± 5 days) were evaluated. Lambs were divided into 4 groups contain the GM group (12 purebred male lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Grey Shirazi ram), the GF group (12 purebred female lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Grey Shirazi ram), the CM group (12 crossbred male lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Ghezel ram) and the CF group (12 crossbred female lambs of Grey Shirazi ewe × Ghezel ram). The dry matter intakes (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and carcass traits in the lambs were determined. The DMI was greater in CF lambs compared to GF lambs (P < 0.001). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher in male lambs comparing to female lambs (P = 0.001). The final body weight, ADG, live weight at the slaughtering and hot carcass weight (HCW) were lower in GF lambs compared to another lambs (P < 0.001, P = 0.003). Cold carcass weight (CCW) in CM lambs was higher than in other groups. The Longissimus dorsi (LD) area was higher in crossbreed male lambs (P = 0.001). Crossbreeding improved grow performance (final body weight and ADG) in male and female lambs. Carcass trait was improved by crossbreeding especially in male lambs. Sex effect on growth performance and carcass traits was noticeable and male lambs had superior growth.

scholarly journals Effect of Carob Pulp (Ceratonia Siliqua L.) on Fattening Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Moroccan Breed Deroua Lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
Benbati Mohammed ◽  
Keli Abdelhafid ◽  
Haddioui Abdelmajid ◽  
Boufarik Wiam ◽  
ElFazazi Kaoutar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Feeding Costs ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating different levels of carob pulp (CP) on fattening performance, carcass characteristics and meat qualityof the Moroccan sheep breed Deroua. Thirty-six entire maleMoroccan breed Deroua lambs with aninitial body weight of 23.5±3.1 kg and age 120±10 days, were randomly divided into three diet’streatmentsof 12 animals: T0(0%CP), T1(10%CP) and T2(20%CP) containing 0, 10 and 20 % of CP, respectively. The experiment lasted 80 days, including 5 days of adaptation to different diets. Lambs were weighed every 15 days, while feed intake was determineddaily. At the end of the experiment, 27 lambs (9per treatment) were slaughtered to determinecarcass characteristics and meat quality. Final body weight and average daily gain (P<0.05) were affected by treatment diet. The inclusion of 10% CP led to a decrease in feed conversion ratio and feeding costs. Carcass characteristics were not affected by diets (P>0.05),except, in case of mesenteric fat (P<0.05) with superiority recorded in treatment diet T1(10%CP). Meat quality parameters were not affected by diets. The meat of lambs feddiets T1 and T2 tended to be lighter in color and less red than those fed diet T0. The results of this work showed that carob pulp can be used as an alternative feedstuff from fattening lambs to reduce feeding costs without affecting fattening performance.

scholarly journals Macleaya cordata Extract as an Ethnoveterinary Alternative for Broilers Challenged with Salmonella typhimurium

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-266
Author(s):  
Altamira Santiago Rogelio ◽  
García López Juan Carlos ◽  
Ballesteros Rodea Gilberto ◽  
Rojas Castillo Marco Aurelio ◽  
Gonzalez Vilet German ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Macleaya Cordata ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Total Gain

In order to evaluate the ethnoveterinary effect of Macleaya cordata extract on bacteria colony forming units (CFU) in different organs of gastrointestinal tract and productive parameters of broilers challenged with Salmonella typhimurium, eighty one day old Cobb broilers were randomly assigned either to a diet without additive or with additive at 50 g/ton during 21 days. The count of CFU of Salmonella typhimurium in crop, gizzard, and duodenum, at 21 days, showed broilers that received the Macleaya cordata extract had a reduction. The broilers also had higher final body weight, total gain, average daily gain and better feed conversion value as compared with those that had not received it. Feed intake was not affected. Results concluded that Macleaya cordata extract is an ethnoveterinary alternative efficient for control of Salmonella typhimurium and a growth promoter in broilers.

scholarly journals PSII-23 Meat quality of Santa Inês lambs slaughtered at different backfat thickness

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 170-170
Author(s):  
Edson Luis de A Ribeiro ◽  
Francisco Fernandes Jr ◽  
Camila Constantino ◽  
Fernando Augusto Grandis ◽  
Natália Albieri Koritiaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and meat characteristics of castrated and intact Santa Inês male lambs slaughtered at three different thicknesses of subcutaneous fat. Thirty-four lambs, approximately 3 months of age, 19.37 ± 3.73 kg of body weight were used. Four weeks prior to the experiment, half of the animals were castrated. Lambs were further divided into three groups, according to the criteria for slaughter: fat thicknesses of 1, 3 and 6 mm; measured with an ultrasound equipment. All animals received the same diet. Criteria of 1 and 3 mm were achieved after 39 and 84 days in feedlot. As the criterion of 6 mm was not attained up to 130 days of confinement, lambs were slaughtered at that time, with 4 mm of fat thickness. Fat thickness measured with a caliper on the carcasses were 0.87, 3.11 and 3.60 mm. There were no interactions (P > 0.05) between sexual conditions and slaughter criteria. Average daily gain was similar (P > 0.05). Among criteria (average of 0.267 ± 0.052 kg/day). However, final body weight (29.94 ± 2.03; 40.42 ± 2.67 and 53.85 ± 2.03 kg) and feed conversion (4.17 ± 0.39; 4.71 ± 0.43 and 6.01 ± 0.39) were different (P0.05) among criteria, panelists found that lambs slaughtered with 3.6 mm of fat thickness were less (P < 0.05) desirable. Average daily gain (0.283 ± 0.013 vs 0.247 ± 0.012 kg) was greater (P < 0.05) for intact than castrated lambs; however, the meat of intact lambs was less desirable. The other traits were similar for both sexual conditions. We can conclude by the performance and meat results that it is better to slaughter Santa Inês lambs with 3 mm of fat cover, and for the best acceptability of the meat the lambs should be castrated.

scholarly journals Effect of a Feed Additive based on Papaveracea Roots and Nanoclays on Broiler Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Vicente-Martínez ◽  
J.M. Pinos-Rodriguez ◽  
J.C. García-López ◽  
V.R. León-Cabada ◽  
J.M. Martínez-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Background: Due to the resistance that various pathogens have developed to the unplanned use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) and the risk to consumers health that this implies, AGPs could be replaced by natural products such as plants, essential oils or extracts. The current study was aimed to investigate the effects of a feed additive based on papaveraceae roots and nanoclays (Sangromix 10x®) on broiler performance. Methods: One hundred and twenty Cobb broilers one d old, were randomly assigned to a diet without additive or with additive at 20 g/t during 49 d. Broilers had free access to concentrate and fresh water and were weighed daily. Feed intake and body weight was measured daily and where used to estimate average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. Result: Broilers that received Sangromix 10x®, had higher final body weight, total gain, average daily gain and better feed conversion value as compared with broilers with no additive. The additive did not affect feed intake. The inclusion of Sangromix 10x® increased final body weight and improved feed conversion value and it can be concluded that is an efficient alternative for broiler production. Nevertheless, further research is required to determine their effect on meat and carcass quality, internal organs and blood biochemistry.

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