scholarly journals Effects of Tea (Camellia sinensis) Phytochemicals on the Yoghurt Cultures (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) During Development and Storage of Tea Fortified Yoghurts

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Simon Oduor Ochanda ◽  
John Kanyiri Wanyoko ◽  
Abdul Kiptoo Faraj ◽  
Christine Akoth Onyango ◽  
Henrik Kipngeno Ruto
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Sensory Tests

<p>Tea phytochemicals have been reported to exhibit potent antimicrobial activity. This current study reports the ability of <em>Streptococcus thermophilus</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em> <em>bulgaricus</em> to grow, survive and multiply in the presence of tea phytochemicals during development and storage of tea fortified yoghurts. Two Kenyan tea varieties clone TRFK 6/8 (standard black quality tea) and clone TRFK 306/1 (newly developed purple leafed tea clone), were processed as aerated and non-aerated teas and used to develop tea fortified yoghurt. The teas were added at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 and 4 g in 250 mL volumes of milk (w/v) which was predetermined by sensory tests. The results showed that tea phytochemicals at the added ranges had no adverse effect on the growth of <em>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</em> and <em>Streptococcus thermophilus</em>; however, yoghurt setting time was prolonged at a mean time of 4.11, 5.22, 7.29 and 8.26 hrs respectively for tea concentrations of 0, 1, 2 and 4 g/250 mL milk. The mean microbial load for <em>Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus</em> in black, green and purple tea yoghurts were also inversely proportional to the concentration of the added teas. In the developmental stages of tea fortified yoghurts <em>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</em> range was 0.52-1.58 × 10<sup>7 </sup>CFU/mL while <em>Streptococcus thermophilus</em> range was 2.53-3.51 × 10<sup>9 </sup>CFU/mL, during storage the growth patterns were different between the cultures. The recorded mean values range for <em>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</em> was 2.79-4.35 × 10<sup>7 </sup>CFU/mL while <em>Streptococcus thermophilus</em> mean range was 2.57-3.47 × 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/mL Phytochemicals traced in the product had concentration values below 5 × 10<sup>2</sup><sup> </sup>µgmL<sup>-1</sup>. In conclusion, it was possible to develop probiotic tea fortified yoghurt containing tea phytochemicals with unlimited health benefits using different the different tea clones.</p>

scholarly journals Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve as a Donor Source for Digital Nerve Grafting: A Concept Revisited

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bekir Unal ◽  
Kemal Gokkus ◽  
Evrim Sirin ◽  
Eren Cansü
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cutaneous Nerve ◽  
Digital Nerve ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Time

Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the availability of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) autograft for acute or delayed repair of segmented digital nerve injuries. Patients and Methods: 13 digital nerve defects of 11 patients; treated with interposition of LACN graft that harvested from ipsilateral extremity were included in the study. Mean follow up period was 35, 7 months. The mean time from injury to grafting is 53, 3 days. The results of the mean 2PDT and SWMT values of injured /uninjured finger at the end of follow up period were evaluated with Paired T test. The correlation between the defect length and the difference of 2PDT, SWMT values between the uninjured and injured finger at the end of follow up period; were evaluated with Pearson - correlation analysis. Results: The mean value of our 2PDT and SWMT results are ~5,923, ~3, 52, respectively in which can be interpreted between the normal and diminished light touch. The defect length and difference percentage of SWMT values is positively and significantly correlated statistically. Mean length of interposed nerve grafts was 18.5 mm. The age of the patient and the mean values of 2PDT and SWMT with the difference % of 2PDT and % of SWMT are not statistically correlated. Conclusion: Based on results regarding sensory regaining at recipient side and negligible sensory deficit at harvesting side, we suggest that lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve might be a valuable graft option for digital nerve defects.

Microflora of Austrian Natural-Set Yogurt

1990 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARALD ROHM ◽  
FRIEDA LECHNER ◽  
MARIETTA LEHNER
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Debaryomyces Hansenii ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa ◽  
Pichia Guilliermondii ◽  
Ferment Lactose ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Trichosporon Beigelii ◽  
And Storage

Randomly selected Austrian natural-set yogurts were examined for storage-induced changes in the populations of viable yogurt starter organisms and microbial contaminants. Typically, numbers of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus remained above 108 cfu/g in yogurt stored at 10°C until the sell-by-date (15–20 d after manufacture). Both elevated storage temperature and storage periods markedly reduced the survival of yogurt starter bacteria. Depending on the sample origin, the yeast populations increased from less than 10/g to above 106/g when yogurts were stored at 10°C until the sell-by-date. The isolated yeasts were identified as Candida inconspicua, C. intermedia, C. parapsilosis, C. rugosa, C. tropicalis, C. zeylanoides, Debaryomyces hansenii, Metschnikowia reukauffii, Pichia guilliermondii, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Trichosporon beigelii, and Yarrowia lipolytica. While a few out of 233 isolates were found to assimilate lactose, none were able to ferment lactose.

Developmental and growth patterns in Xiphinema parasimile and X. simile (Nematoda: Dorylaimida), members of the X. americanum-group

Nematology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
László Barsi
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

AbstractXiphinema parasimile and X. simile are morphologically and morphometrically very similar, yet molecularly different, species with different developmental and growth patterns, a different number of juvenile developmental stages (four vs three) and a different post-embryonic growth pattern. Body length, body volume and odontostyle and replacement odontostyle lengths served for comparison of the post-embryonic growth patterns in these species. A percentage method was used to make the data sets comparable between one population of X. parasimile and three populations of X. simile. The mean body lengths of the first, second and pre-adult stages in X. simile showed similarity with those of the second, third and pre-adult stages in X. parasimile. In X. simile there was no unique growth pattern of body length and body volume from stage to stage applicable for all populations, just a similar trend with more or less similar values. The difference between replacement odontostyle and functional odontostyle lengths in all juvenile stages was higher in X. simile and lower in X. parasimile, despite the very similar mean odontostyle length in the female stage of both species.

scholarly journals Response of growth patterns in sweet pepper to different NPK levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ewis Abdelaziz ◽  
A. H. Hannfy Ahmed ◽  
R. S. Bekhid ◽  
Robert Pokluda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Net Assimilation

This work was conducted to study the effect of five NPK fertigation levels on the growth rate of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Bruyo) grown under the plastic greenhouse using different growth analysis formulas. Leaf area ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) was evaluated in two periods (60–90 and 90–120 days after transplanting). The mean values of LAR, SLA, RGR and NAR tended to decrease significantly with advancing plant age in both seasons. In general, at the moderate level (34N-42P-29K / plastic house 540 m2) was found the highest significant values of LAR and SLA in the two growth periods. On the other hand, the highest values of NAR were recorded at the plants treated with the lowest NPK fertigation level (17N-21P-15K / plastic house 540 m2). However, increase of NPK fertigation doses to the moderate levels had favorable effects on LAR and SLA of sweet pepper plants.

scholarly journals Use of statistical control charts for monitoring the quality of flour

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Dragana Tekić ◽  
Beba Mutavdžić ◽  
Tihomir Novaković
Keyword(s):  
Control Charts ◽  
Statistical Quality Control ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Flour Production ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
And Storage

The use of statistical quality control in the production and storage processes significantly enhances the overall quality of products. Although various techniques are used for quality monitoring purposes, control charts are considered of paramount importance. In this paper, the ash and moisture contents of the wheat flour type 500 were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Consequently, the control charts for the variations in and the mean values of the parameters considered were created. The control charts obtained for the mean parameter values show that the flour production process was in control relative to both parameters considered, exhibiting only random variations. However, the control charts obtained for the variability in the parameter values considered show special variations, the causes of which require further research in order to maintain the satisfactory quality of flour production.

Articulatory Behavior Pre and Post Full-Mouth Tooth Extraction and Alveoloplasty

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Zimmermann ◽  
J.A. Scott Kelso ◽  
Larry Lander
Keyword(s):  
Control Subject ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Normal Speech

High speed cinefluorography was used to track articulatory movements preceding and following full-mouth tooth extraction and alveoloplasty in two subjects. Films also were made of a control subject on two separate days. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of dramatically altering the structural dimensions of the oral cavity on the kinematic parameters of speech. The results showed that the experimental subjects performed differently pre and postoperatively though the changes were in different directions for the two subjects. Differences in both means and variabilities of kinematic parameters were larger between days for the experimental (operated) subjects than for the control subject. The results for the Control subject also showed significant differences in the mean values of kinematic variables between days though these day-to-day differences could not account for the effects found pre- and postoperatively. The results of the kinematic analysis, particularly the finding that transition time was most stable over the experimental conditions for the operated subjects, are used to speculate about the coordination of normal speech.

Predicting Daily Maintenance Dose of Fluindione, an Oral Anticoagulant Drug

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 731-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Cazaux ◽  
B Gauthier ◽  
A Elias ◽  
D Lefebvre ◽  
J Tredez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Successive Approximations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Complication ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Anticoagulant Drug ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Daily Maintenance Dose

SummaryDue to large inter-individual variations, the dose of vitamin K antagonist required to target the desired hypocoagulability is hardly predictible for a given patient, and the time needed to reach therapeutic equilibrium may be excessively long. This work reports on a simple method for predicting the daily maintenance dose of fluindione after the third intake. In a first step, 37 patients were delivered 20 mg of fluindione once a day, at 6 p.m. for 3 consecutive days. On the morning of the 4th day an INR was performed. During the following days the dose was adjusted to target an INR between 2 and 3. There was a good correlation (r = 0.83, p<0.001) between the INR performed on the morning of day 4 and the daily maintenance dose determined later by successive approximations. This allowed us to write a decisional algorithm to predict the effective maintenance dose of fluindione from the INR performed on day 4. The usefulness and the safety of this approach was tested in a second prospective study on 46 patients receiving fluindione according to the same initial scheme. The predicted dose was compared to the effective dose soon after having reached the equilibrium, then 30 and 90 days after. To within 5 mg (one quarter of a tablet), the predicted dose was the effective dose in 98%, 86% and 81% of the patients at the 3 times respectively. The mean time needed to reach the therapeutic equilibrium was reduced from 13 days in the first study to 6 days in the second study. No hemorrhagic complication occurred. Thus the strategy formerly developed to predict the daily maintenance dose of warfarin from the prothrombin time ratio or the thrombotest performed 3 days after starting the treatment may also be applied to fluindione and the INR measurement.

Comparative Study of Intranasal, Subcutaneous and Intravenous Administration of Desamino-D-Arginine Vasopressin (DDAVP)

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Köhler ◽  
P Hellstern ◽  
C Miyashita ◽  
G von Blohn ◽  
E Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryThis study was performed to evaluate the influence of different routes of administration on the efficacy of DDAVP treatment. Ten healthy volunteers received DDAVP intranasally (i.n.), subcutaneously (s.c.) and intravenously (i.v.) in a randomized cross-over trial. Factor XII and high molecular weight (HMW)-kininogen levels increased only slightly after DDAVP administration. The mean increase of factor VIII: C was 3.1 (i. v.), 2.3 (s. c.), and 1.3 (i.n.) - fold over baseline. Ristocetin cofactor (von Willebrand factor antigen) increased 3.1 (2.5), 2.0 (2.3) and 1.2 (1.2) - fold over baseline mean values after i.v., s.c. and i.n. DDAVP, respectively. The half-disappearance time of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF) after DDAVP ranged from five (factor VIII: C) to eight hours (vWF). The mean increase of fibrinolytic activity was more pronounced after i.v. DDAVP. The antidiuretic effect was moderate with no apparent differences between the routes of application. This study provides further evidence that both i.v. and s.c. DDAVP administration result in an appropriate and reliable stimulation of haemostasis. An additional advantage of s. c. administration is its suitability for home treatment.

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF ALDOSTERONE SECRETION RATE IN MAN

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lund-Johansen ◽  
T. Thorsen ◽  
K. F. Støa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Derivative Method ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A comparison has been made between (A), a relatively simple method for the measurement of aldosterone secretion rate, based on paper chromatography and direct densitometry of the aldosterone spot and (B) a more elaborate isotope derivative method. The mean secretion rate in 9 normal subjects was 112 ± 26 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 135 ± 35 μg per 24 hours (method B). The »secretion rate« in one adrenalectomized subject after the intravenous injection of 250 μg of aldosterone was 230 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 294 μg per 24 hours (method B). There was no significant difference in the mean values, and correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0.80). It is concluded that the densitometric method is suitable for clinical purposes as well as research, being more rapid and less expensive than the isotope derivative method. Method A also measures the urinary excretion of the aldosterone 3-oxo-conjugate, which is of interest in many pathological conditions. The densitometric method is obviously the less sensitive and a prerequisite for its use is an aldosterone secretion of 20—30 μg per 24 hours. Lower values are, however, rare in adults.

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