Articulatory Behavior Pre and Post Full-Mouth Tooth Extraction and Alveoloplasty

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Zimmermann ◽  
J.A. Scott Kelso ◽  
Larry Lander
Keyword(s):  
Control Subject ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Articulatory Movements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Normal Speech

High speed cinefluorography was used to track articulatory movements preceding and following full-mouth tooth extraction and alveoloplasty in two subjects. Films also were made of a control subject on two separate days. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of dramatically altering the structural dimensions of the oral cavity on the kinematic parameters of speech. The results showed that the experimental subjects performed differently pre and postoperatively though the changes were in different directions for the two subjects. Differences in both means and variabilities of kinematic parameters were larger between days for the experimental (operated) subjects than for the control subject. The results for the Control subject also showed significant differences in the mean values of kinematic variables between days though these day-to-day differences could not account for the effects found pre- and postoperatively. The results of the kinematic analysis, particularly the finding that transition time was most stable over the experimental conditions for the operated subjects, are used to speculate about the coordination of normal speech.

Evaluation of Rearfoot Asymmetries in Running with Worn and New Running Shoes

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Vagenas ◽  
Blaine Hoshizaki
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Running Shoes ◽  
High Speed Cinematography ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to identify the kinematic characteristics of bilateral rearfoot asymmetry during heel–toe running under two experimental conditions: worn (broken-in) running shoes and new (standardized) running shoes. High-speed cinematography (150 fps) was used to film the lower limbs of four male runners in the frontal plane while running on a treadmill at their training pace. Six successive footfalls were analyzed for each subject and selected kinematical variables of the rearfoot function were calculated. Significant asymmetries were found in lower leg angle and Achilles tendon angle at touchdown and at maximum pronation. Total pronation and rearfoot angle were almost symmetric. The angular displacement graphs for the shank and foot revealed a distinct overall asymmetry between the lower limbs in both conditions. The mean values of the kinematical asymmetries were appreciably higher in the new shoe condition. It is proposed that the degree of these asymmetries is subject to changes due to injury, personal running style, and stability of the running shoe. Trends of bilateral dominance specific to rearfoot control in running were identified.

The Number of Vertebrae in Trout (Salmo)

1937 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McC. Mottley
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
European Species ◽  
The Mean

The European species of Salmo have fewer vertebrae than those from western North America, the mean values of two of each group as reared at the Cowichan hatchery being found to be: salar 59.0, trutta 58.3, gairdnerii 63.5, clarkii 62.5. Hatchery-reared gairdnerii were usually found to be different from those of the natural environment as well as varying with different experimental conditions, and even differed from their own parents, this seeming on the whole to be related to the temperature during development. A correlation was found between the length of the fish and the number of vertebrae. Caution is suggested in the use of the character for identifying populations of Salmo.

An Experimental Investigation of the Velocity and Temperature Fields of Cold Jets Injected Into a Hot Crossflow

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Rydholm
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Reynolds Stresses ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cooling Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prandtl Numbers ◽  
Density Ratios ◽  
Cooling Air

It is shown here by dimensional analysis that the near-wall flow field of an effusion-cooled combustor can be scaled if the Reynolds, Mach, and Prandtl numbers and the temperature and velocity ratios are kept constant. It is also demonstrated that a practical model experiment can be designed, which fulfills all the scaling laws. A test rig meeting these requirements has been designed, built and tested. The experimental conditions have been chosen to correspond to the conditions usually met in a real effusion-cooled combustion chamber. One geometric configuration has been investigated. This consists of one transverse row of holes drilled with a 30 deg angle to the wall through which the cooling air enters a cross-flowing mainstream. The mean values of all three velocity components and the three normal fluctuating Reynolds stresses as well as the mean temperature have been measured in a large number of points surrounding the central injection hole. Experiments were carried out for jet-to-mainstream density ratios of 1.2 and 1.8. The results indicate that realistic density ratios are necessary to provide data directly applicable to effusion-cooling design.

scholarly journals Comparison of Orthodontic Root Resorption of Root-filled and Vital Teeth Using Micro–computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Kolcuoğlu ◽  
Aslihan Zeynep Oz
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the difference in orthodontic root resorption between root-filled and vital teeth. Material and Methods Sixteen individuals who required bilateral premolar tooth extraction due to orthodontic treatment and had a previously root-filled premolar tooth on one side were included in the study. The experimental group consisted of root-filled premolar teeth, and the control group consisted of contralateral vital premolar teeth. A 150-g buccally directed force was applied to these teeth using 0.017 × 0.025-inch TMA cantilever springs. The premolars were extracted 8 weeks after the application of force. Images were obtained using micro–computed tomography. Resorption measurements were obtained using the Image J program. Results The mean values for resorption were 0.08869 mm3 for the root-filled teeth and 0.14077 mm3 for the contralateral teeth, indicating significantly less resorption for the root-filled teeth compared with the contralateral teeth after the application of orthodontic force (P = .003). In both groups, the most resorption was seen on the cervical-buccal and apical-lingual surfaces. The mean resorption value of the cervical region was 0.06305 mm3 in the control group and 0.0291 mm3 in the experimental group, and the difference was statistically significant (P = .002). Conclusions Root-filled teeth showed significantly less orthodontic root resorption than vital teeth.

scholarly journals Involvement of carboxyl groups in chloride transport and reversible DIDS binding to band 3 protein in human erythrocytes

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Janas ◽  
Tadeusz Janas
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Transport ◽  
Band 3 ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Apparent Dissociation Constant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Human Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Resealed Ghosts

AbstractNoncovalent DIDS binding to Band 3 (AE1) protein in human erythrocyte membranes, modified by non-penetrating, water soluble 1-ethyl-3-(4-azonia-4,4-dimethylpentyl)-carbodiimide iodide (EAC), was studied at 0°C in the presence of 165 mM KCl. Under experimental conditions applied up to (48 ± 5) % of irreversible chloride self-exchange inhibition was observed. The apparent dissociation constant, KD, for “DIDS-Band 3” complex, determined from the chloride transport experiments, was (34 ± 3) nM and (80 ± 12) nM for control and EAC-treated resealed ghosts, respectively. The inhibition constant, Ki, for DIDS was (35 ± 6) nM and (60 ± 8) nM in control and EAC-treated ghosts, respectively. The reduced affinity for DIDS reversible binding was not a result of negative cooperativity of DIDS binding sites of Band 3 oligomer since Hill’s coefficients were indistinguishable from 1 (within the limit error) both for control and EAC-treated ghosts. By using tritium-labeled DIDS, 4,4’-diisothiocyanato-2,2’-stilbenedisulfonate ([3H]DIDS), the association rate constant, k+1 (M−1s−1), was measured. The mean values of (4.3 ± 0.7) × 105 M−1s−1 for control and (2.7 ± 0.7) × 105 M−1s−1 for EAC-treated ghosts were obtained. The mean values for KD, evaluated from [3H]DIDS binding measurements, were (37 ± 9) nM and (90 ± 21) nM for control and EAC-modified ghosts, respectively. The results demonstrate that EAC modification of AE1 reduces about 2-fold the affinity of AE1 for DIDS. It is suggested that half of the subunits are modified near the transport site by EAC.

A Cineradiography Investigation of Children’s w/r Substitutions

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn ◽  
J. Bruce Tomblin
Keyword(s):  
Control Subject ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Normal Control Subject ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
Target Configuration ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Subjects

Articulatory positioning and movement characteristics were compared between /w/ and intended /r/ productions in three children exhibiting w/r substitutions and one normal control subject. High-speed lateral-view cineradiography was utilized. It was found that only the control subject demonstrated significant differences in lip, jaw, and tongue positioning for /w/ compared to /r/. However, systematic patterns of articulatory variability within and between subjects suggested that the experimental subjects were possibly differentiating between /w/ and intended /r/ even though the articulatory target configuration appeared to be nondiscriminatory. Perceptual judgments of the tape-recorded utterances mirrored the physiological data in that only those intended /r/ productions involving articulatory positioning clearly different from that of /w/ were perceived as /r/.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of the Velocity and Temperature Fields of Cold Jets Injected Into a Hot Crossflow

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans A. Rydholm
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Reynolds Stresses ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cooling Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prandtl Numbers ◽  
Density Ratios ◽  
Cooling Air

It is shown here by dimensional analysis that the near-wall flow field of an effusion cooled combustor, can be scaled if the Reynolds, Mach and Prandtl numbers and the temperature and velocity ratios are kept constant. It is also demonstrated that a practical model experiment can be designed, which fulfils all the scaling laws. A test rig meeting these requirements has been designed, built and tested. The experimental conditions have been chosen to correspond to the conditions usually met in a real effusion cooled combustion chamber. One geometrical configuration has been investigated. This consists of one transverse row of holes drilled with a 30° angle to the wall through which the cooling air enters into a cross flowing mainstream. The mean values of all three velocity components and the three normal fluctuating Reynolds stresses as well as the mean temperature have been measured in a large number of points surrounding the central injection hole. Experiments were carried out for jet-to mainstream density ratios of 1.2 and 1.8 and the results indicate that realistic density ratios are necessary to provide data directly applicable in effusion cooling design.

scholarly journals Dispersion Analysis of Rounds Fired from a Glauberyt Machine Pistol

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Zbigniew DZIOPA ◽  
Krzysztof ZDEB
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Mean Square Displacement ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Mean

Within an enclosed shooting range of the EMJOT company, the process of firing one hundred single bullets from a Glauberyt machine pistol was recorded. The empirical test used 9x19 mm FMJ Luger (Parabellum) ammunition manufactured in the Czech Republic in 2017. As the weapon is dedicated to special forces, the shots were fired by an anti-terrorist operative, at a target located 25 m away. In order to determine bullet dispersion, the results of the experiment were subjected to statistical processing. Mean displacement and mean square displacement relative to the mean hit point, histograms, normal distribution, as well as statistical tests and hypotheses were used for estimation. The shots were recorded with a high speed digital camera Phantom v 9.1. The videos recorded were used to determine the initial kinematic parameters of the bullet trajectory.

Comparative Study of Intranasal, Subcutaneous and Intravenous Administration of Desamino-D-Arginine Vasopressin (DDAVP)

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Köhler ◽  
P Hellstern ◽  
C Miyashita ◽  
G von Blohn ◽  
E Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryThis study was performed to evaluate the influence of different routes of administration on the efficacy of DDAVP treatment. Ten healthy volunteers received DDAVP intranasally (i.n.), subcutaneously (s.c.) and intravenously (i.v.) in a randomized cross-over trial. Factor XII and high molecular weight (HMW)-kininogen levels increased only slightly after DDAVP administration. The mean increase of factor VIII: C was 3.1 (i. v.), 2.3 (s. c.), and 1.3 (i.n.) - fold over baseline. Ristocetin cofactor (von Willebrand factor antigen) increased 3.1 (2.5), 2.0 (2.3) and 1.2 (1.2) - fold over baseline mean values after i.v., s.c. and i.n. DDAVP, respectively. The half-disappearance time of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF) after DDAVP ranged from five (factor VIII: C) to eight hours (vWF). The mean increase of fibrinolytic activity was more pronounced after i.v. DDAVP. The antidiuretic effect was moderate with no apparent differences between the routes of application. This study provides further evidence that both i.v. and s.c. DDAVP administration result in an appropriate and reliable stimulation of haemostasis. An additional advantage of s. c. administration is its suitability for home treatment.

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

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