scholarly journals Risk factors associated with tobacco, alcohol and drug use among adolescents attending secondary school in three cities from Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Cerebellar Lingula Size and Experiential Risk Factors Associated with High Levels of Alcohol and Drug Use in Young Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl M. Anderson ◽  
Keren Rabi ◽  
Scott E. Lukas ◽  
Martin H. Teicher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Drug use and risk factors among school adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Bárbara De Oliveira Prado Sousa ◽  
Ana Carina Stelko-Pereira ◽  
Érika De Cássia Lopes Chaves ◽  
Denis Da Silva Moreira ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family System ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
School Context ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Significant Damage

 This study evaluated the association between risk factors and severity of problems related to drug use in secondary school adolescents. This study had the participation of 1192 students from 6th to 9th year of a city in the South of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection occurred through a questionnaire containing: socio-demographic data and the Drug Use Screening Inventory. Drug use was prevalent in adolescents aged 14 and 15 years, atheist, with good family relationships, living with friends/institutions, attended parties once a month, one or two times a week and three and four times a week. There was main damage in the areas of psychiatric disorders, family system and social competence among those who made use of drugs (except alcohol and tobacco). The results point to the need for implementation of preventive strategies of drug use and health promotion in the school context, whereas consumption was associated with significant damage. 

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of alcohol and drug use among secondary school students in Botswana: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Riva ◽  
Lynne Allen-Taylor ◽  
Will D. Schupmann ◽  
Seipone Mphele ◽  
Neo Moshashane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use

Protective and Risk Factors Associated with Drug Use Among Hispanic Youth

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gfroerer ◽  
Mario De la Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hispanic Youth ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals 393. Changing Trends, Risk Factors, and Treatment Challenges in Staphylococcus aureus Septic Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S202-S202
Author(s):  
Valerie Gobao ◽  
Mostafa Alfishawy ◽  
Neel Shah ◽  
Karin Byers ◽  
Mohamed Yassin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Positive Result ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus is a common organism in native septic arthritis. It is traditionally believed to be self-limited with rapid and aggressive debridement and appropriate antibiotic selection. The incidence of S. aureus septic arthritis is increasing, and further characterization is needed to improve diagnosis and treatment. For patients presenting with native S. aureus septic arthritis, we evaluated the reliability of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) screening as a predictor to rule out MRSA septic arthritis, the risk factors associated with this disease, and the treatment and surgical outcomes. Methods A retrospective case–control study of patients diagnosed with septic arthritis in the UPMC health system (Pittsburgh, PA) between 2012 and 2016 was completed. The primary outcomes of interest were surgical intervention and the need to alter antibiotic treatment. Patient demographics, characteristics, and outcomes were recorded. Results A total of 215 cases of septic arthritis were identified, and 64% (n = 138) had S. aureus cultured. In this set, 36% (50/138) of these patients were identified with MRSA. Of the patients diagnosed with MRSA septic arthritis, 50% screened prior to admission had a positive result (8/16) and 48% screened during admission had a positive result (14/29). Compared with septic arthritis with other organisms, risk factors associated with S. aureus included history of intravenous drug use (OR: 4.3, CI: 1.7 to 10.8, P = 0.002) and being immunocompetent (OR: 0.3, CI: 0.1 to 0.6, P = 0.002). These infections were associated with concurrent infections of the spine (OR: 5.7, CI: 2.1 to 15.1, P = 0.0005). As compared with other organisms, there was a high probability of switching antibiotics during treatment (OR: 3.7, CI: 1.1 to 13.0, P = 0.04) and relapse of infection (OR: 4.2, CI: 1.2 to 14.6, P = 0.02). Conclusion S. aureus septic arthritis is associated with intravenous drug use, and not with immunosuppression. A negative MRSA screen does not rule out this organism. Concurrent spine infections are common. There is a high likelihood of infection relapse and that antibiotics will need to be altered during treatment. With the opioid epidemic, the incidence is likely to increase further. More work is needed to improve diagnosis and overcome treatment challenges. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Prevalence and risk factors for HIV-1 infection in people who use illicit drugs in northern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldemir B Oliveira-Filho ◽  
Fabricio Quaresma Silva ◽  
Francisco Junior A Santos ◽  
Yasmin Maria N Cardoso ◽  
Jeruza Ferraz F Di Miceli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background People who use illicit drugs (PWUDs) have a high risk of viral infections. To date, there is a paucity of information on HIV infection among PWUDs in remote Brazilian regions. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 infection among PWUDs in northern Brazil. Methods Sociodemographic, economic, drug use and health-related information were collected through interviews from a community-recruited, multi-site sample of 1753 PWUDs. The blood samples collected were tested for the presence of HIV-1 using chemiluminescence immunoassay and PCR or western blotting. Logistic regressions identified factors independently associated with HIV-1 infection. Results In total, 266 (15.2%) PWUDs were HIV-1 positive. Hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus nucleic acid was detected in 65 (3.7%) PWUDs infected by HIV-1. The factors associated with HIV-1 infection were male gender, older age, a lower educational level and a lower income, crack cocaine use, a longer drug use history and a history of drug injection and engagement in unsafe sex, sex work and a higher number of sexual partners. Conclusions The current study provides unique, initial insights into HIV and co-infection status and pertinent risk factors among PWUDs in northern Brazil, with clear and diverse implications for urgently improved prevention and treatment intervention needs.

scholarly journals Alcohol and Drug Use Prevalence and Factors Associated With the Experience of Alcohol Use in Iranian Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Baheiraei ◽  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mohammadi ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Eesa Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Factors Associated

Alcohol and Drug Use as Risk Factors for Delinquent Behavior Among Adolescents

2016 ◽  
pp. 552-574
Author(s):  
Helene Raskin White ◽  
Courtney Cronley ◽  
Padmini Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Adolescent Aggression ◽  
Time Frames

This chapter examines alcohol and drug use as risk factors for delinquency during adolescence. There is strong evidence for comorbidity between substance use and delinquency for individuals. Users, compared to nonusers, are more likely to be delinquent; and delinquents, compared to nondelinquents, are more likely to use substances. Conversely, substance use and delinquency follow different developmental patterns from adolescence into young adulthood, and trends in adolescent substance use and delinquency from 1980 through 2009 do not converge well. Alcohol, compared to drugs, has a stronger acute effect on adolescent aggression/violence. Developmentally, there appears to be a reciprocal association between substance use and delinquency, although findings differ across samples and time frames. There are several alternative models that explain why alcohol and drug use are risk factors for adolescent delinquency.

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