HEIGHT GROWTH LOSSES DUE TO ANIMAL FEEDING IN DOUGLAS FIR PLANTATIONS, VANCOUVER ISLAND, B.C.

1964 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Rotation Age

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plantations on the east coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, were examined to determine the effect of animal feeding upon height growth.Length of internodes and evidence of past leader damage were recorded and cumulative average height-age growth curves compared for undamaged trees and for trees suffering various intensities of damage.The average reduction in tree height attributable to animal feeding in heavily browsed plantations varied from one-half to two feet over a period of 8 to 10 years. It is unlikely that either tree volume or quality at rotation age would be seriously affected.Exposed trees were browsed more heavily than those protected by vegetation or logging slash.

Height-growth and site-index curves for jack pine in north central Ontario

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willard H. Carmean ◽  
Daniel J. Lenthall
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Average Height ◽  
North Central ◽  
A Site

Height-growth patterns for jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) were studied using stem analyses from dominant and codominant trees on 141 plots in north central Ontario. All plots were in natural, well-stocked, even-aged stands 50 years of age or older. Data from 32 of the 141 plots were randomly selected to confirm results, the remaining 109 plots were used for computing the curves. Height-growth curves were developed using a five-parameter Chapman–Richards nonlinear regression that expressed height as a function of age and site index. A site-index prediction equation was also computed using a similar model that expressed site index as a function of age and tree height. Estimated site index using height-growth curves based on the 109 computation plots agreed closely with site index observed from stem analyses on the 32 confirmation plots. Major results were as follows: (i) height-growth curves based on breast-height age were more accurate than curves based on total age; (ii) polymorphic height-growth patterns were related to site index, becoming more curvilinear as site index increased; (iii) average height-growth patterns were similar for jack pine growing on four glacial landforms: shallow and deep moraines, outwashed glacial sands, and lacustrine clays and silts; and (iv) height-growth patterns for ages less than 50 years were very similar to patterns of the commonly used Plonski curves for jack pine site classes in Ontario, but after 50 years, height growth was somewhat better for all sites than predicted by the Plonski curves.

scholarly journals Soil texture and other site-level factors differentially affect growth of Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings in the western Pacific Northwest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carter ◽  
Robert A. Slesak ◽  
Timothy B. Harrington ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Cytisus Scoparius ◽  
Invasive Shrub ◽  
Scotch Broom ◽  
The Western Pacific

The invasive shrub Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link) is a pervasive threat to regenerating Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) stands in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Field observations indicate that the susceptibility of areas to Scotch broom invasion and dominance can vary by site. We selected ten sites throughout the western Pacific Northwest that spanned a gradient of soil textures and other factors to test the site-specific susceptibility of Douglas-fir to overtopping by Scotch broom. We expected to find that the ability of Scotch broom to dominate a site was mediated by site-level factors, particularly those influencing soil water – the most limiting factor to growth in the region. We found Scotch broom and Douglas-fir were inversely affected by site-level factors. In general, Douglas-fir absolute height growth rates were more competitive with those of Scotch broom on fine-textured soils than on more coarsely textured soils. We also found Douglas-fir to have a more dramatic response to increasing down woody material than Scotch broom. Scotch broom height growth approached an asymptote at 3 m. Sites with fast-growing Douglas-fir were able to surpass this height six to seven years after planting and appear likely to avoid suppression by Scotch broom.

Sitka alder, a candidate for mixed stands

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance A. Harrington ◽  
Robert L. Deal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Mixed Stands

Juvenile height growth of Sitka alder (Alnussinuata (Regel) Rydb.), a nitrogen-fixing shrub, was examined on eight sites. The potential compatibility of mixed stands of Sitka alder and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) was then assessed by comparing height-growth curves of the two species at early ages. Based on Sitka alder's low height and early slowdown in height growth, it appears to be a reasonable candidate for mixed stands on sites where additions of nitrogen or organic matter are desirable. On poor quality Douglas-fir sites, however, Douglas-fir should be given a head start to insure that it is not suppressed.

Comparison and Development of Height Growth and Site Index urves for Douglas-Fir in the Inland Northwest

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
James L. Vander Ploeg ◽  
James A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Inland Northwest ◽  
Central Idaho

Abstract Stem analysis data from Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) collected throughout the inland Northwest were used for testing height growth and site index equations. The equations performed well in northern and central Idaho, northeast Oregon, and northeast Washington on vegetative types similar to those sampled in model development. However, if the equations were applied on drier sites outside the original geographic study area, overestimates of height growth and under-estimates of site index could result. Therefore, revised height growth and site index equations are presented for western Montana and central Washington. West. J. Appl. For. 4(3):85-88, July 1989.

Correlations Between Overtopping Vegetation and Development of Douglas-Fir Saplings in the Oregon Coast Range

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Chan ◽  
John D. Walstad
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Sapling Growth ◽  
Stem Diameter Growth

Abstract The response of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) saplings to overtopping vegetation on three northeast-facing sites in the Oregon Coast Range was studied for two years. As amount of overtopping brush increased, sapling growth (as indicated by size) generally decreased. Basal stem diameter growth was most reduced, but similar reductions in growth occurred for tree height and other morphological features. West. J. Appl. For. 2(4):117-119, October 1987.

Trend surface analysis of a Douglas-fir provenance–progeny transfer test

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Thomson ◽  
Y. A. El-Kassaby
Keyword(s):  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Transfer Test ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Trend Surface Analysis ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Trend Surface

Spatial variability in heights of 8-year-old Douglas-fir in a IUFRO provenance–progeny transfer test was analyzed using trend surface analysis to differentiate genetic and environmental effects on tree height. The test installation was located in the University of British Columbia Research Forest, and was a randomized incomplete block design with three replications. Only the 25 provenances that were replicated in each block and had a balanced data set (eight families, five trees per family) were used. Trends were fitted to the average height of each replicate of each provenance, and also to the average size of the largest and smallest families per replicate. Interpretation was based on the assumption that the effects of microsite (mainly grass invasion of one block) were defined by the trend surface, while genetic effects were represented by the residuals from the trend. The data had previously been analyzed by ANOVA methods and these results were contrasted with the results using trend surface analysis. Trend surface analysis generally gave results similar to ANOVA, but in some cases resulted in different conclusions. Additional insights into the interaction of genotype and environment were obtained. Trend surface analysis is proposed as a useful supplement to analysis of variance in provenance transfer studies. Potential problems in using the method are discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Rotation Age and Thinning Regime on Visual and Structural Lumber Grades of Douglas-Fir Logs

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Eini Lowell ◽  
Eric Turnblom ◽  
Jeff Comnick ◽  
CL Huang
Keyword(s):  
Stand Density ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Rotation Age ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grade Yield ◽  
Structural Lumber ◽  
Lumber Grade

Douglas-fir, the most important timber species in the Pacific Northwest, US (PNW), has high stiffness and strength. Growing it in plantations on short rotations since the 1980s has led to concerns about the impact of juvenile/mature wood proportion on wood properties. Lumber recovered from four sites in a thinning trial in the PNW was analyzed for relationships between thinning regime and lumber grade yield. Linear mixed-effects models were developed for understanding how rotation age and thinning affect the lumber grade yield. Log small-end diameter was overall the most important for describing the presence of an appearance grade, generally exhibiting an indirect relationship with the lower quality grades. Stand Quadratic Mean Diameter (QMD) was found to be the next most uniformly important predictor, its influence (positive or negative) depending on the lumber grade. For quantity within a grade, as log small-end diameter increased, the quantity of the highest grade increased, while decreasing the quantity of the lower grades differentially. Other tree and stand attributes were of varying importance among grades, including stand density, tree height, and stand slope, but logically depicted the tradeoffs or rebalancing among the grades as the tree and stand characteristics change. Structural lumber grade presence was described best by acoustic wave flight time, log position (decreasing presence in upper logs), and an increasing presence with rotation age. A smaller set of variables proved useful for describing quantity within a structural grade. Forest managers can use these results in planning to best capture value in harvesting, allowing them to direct raw materials (logs) to appropriate manufacturing facilities given market demand.

Occurrence of Piloderma fallax in young, rotation-age, and old-growth stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in the Cascade Range of Oregon, U.S.A.

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 995-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Smith ◽  
R Molina ◽  
M MP Huso ◽  
M J Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Decay Class ◽  
Rotation Age

Yellow mycelia and cords of Piloderma fallax (Lib.) Stalp. were more frequently observed in old-growth stands than in younger managed stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Piloderma fallax frequency and percent cover data were collected from 900 plots in three replicate stands in each of three forest age classes over 2 years in both spring and fall. Piloderma fallax is strongly associated with stand age; it occurred in 57% of plots in old-growth, 6% of rotation-age, and 1% of young stands. Presence of Piloderma fallax was related to the percent cover of coarse woody debris (CWD) in decay class 5. Piloderma fallax was approximately 2.5 times more likely to occur in a plot with CWD decay class 5 present than in plots without. The probability that it would occur in a plot increased by approximately 20% for every 10% increase in percent cover of CWD decay class 5. However, the percent cover of Piloderma fallax was not strongly related to the percent cover of CWD in decay class 5. Frequency of occurrence did not differ among sampling times. Occurrence of Piloderma fallax may indicate suitable substrate for ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with CWD and may be important in forest management for the maintenance of biodiversity and old-growth components in young managed stands.Key words: Piloderma fallax, coarse woody debris, Pseudotsuga menziesii, forest management, ectomycorrhizal fungi, biodiversity.

The Life History and Habits of a Midge, Contarinia oregonensis Foote (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Douglas-fir Cones

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 952-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Hedlin
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Western Washington

A midge, Contarinia oregonensis, is one of a number of species of insects which causc seed losses in Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. In recent years it has been reported causing more damage than any other single species of Douglas-fir cone insect in western Washington (Johnson and Heikkkenen. 1958). This has been the situation on Vancouver Island also.The species bas described by Foote (1956) from specimens taken in Oregon in 1916.

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