scholarly journals The effect of D,L-β-aminobutyric acid on the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae (Apt.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Jarecka ◽  
Alicja Saniewska
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Root System ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Tulip Bulbs ◽  
Inducing Resistance

The effect of D,L-<i>β</i>-aminobutyric acid (BABA) on the growth and development of the root system and the development of fusariosis on tulip bulbs cv. Apeldoorn infected by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>tulipae</i> (F.ox.t. 218) was studied. The length and fresh weight of roots, the development of fusariosis on bulbs and the linear growth of mycelium of F.ox.t. 218 on PDA medium were measured. Preventively used BABA at a concentration of 100, 250 and 300 µg·cm<sup>-3</sup> for soaking uncooled and cooled tulip bulbs greatly inhibited the development of fusariosis on the root system; the length and fresh weight of roots were similar to those of the bulbs not inoculated with F.ox.t. 218. At a concentration of 100 µg·cm<sup>-3</sup>;, BABA used for soaking bulbs limited the development of fusariosis on scales in about 50% and the concentration of 200 µg·cm<sup>-3</sup> totally inhibited the disease symptoms induced by F.ox.t. 218. At a concentration of 100 - 1000 µg·cm<sup>-3</sup>, BABA did not inhibit the mycelium growth of F.ox.t. 17 and F.xo.t. 218 on PDA medium. This study suggests that BABA protects tulip roots and bulb scales against <i>F. oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>tulipae</i> by inducing resistance in these organs and has no direct influence on the pathogen.

scholarly journals The role of gum induced by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. Snyd. et Hans. f.sp. tulipae Apt. in tulip bulbs on growth and development of the pathogen

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 432-435
Author(s):  
A. Saniewska
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Tulip Bulbs ◽  
Bacto Agar

It was showed that gums induced by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. tulipae in tulip bulbs applied to mineral Czapek-Dox Broth with Bacto Agar (CzDA) medium, containing sucrose substantially stimulated abundant growth of mycelium and sporulation of the pathogen. Addition of arabinose, xylose and their mixture, sugars occurring in tulip gum polysaccharide, to CzDA medium caused that mycelium was very sparse and sporulation was only slightly stimulated by arabinose. Mycelium growth on mineral CzDA medium without sucrose, was poor and sparse but addition of gum to the medium caused formation of abundant mycelium and increased sporulation of the pathogen. It is possible that polysaccharide of tulip gum may act mainly as elicitor and partially as substrate in regulation of mycelium growth and sporulation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. tulipae.

scholarly journals The effect of Medicago arabica, M. hybrida and M. sativa saponins on the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. tulipae apt.

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Jarecka ◽  
Alicja Saniewska ◽  
Zbigniew Biały ◽  
Marian Jurzysta
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Medicagenic Acid ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Tulip Bulbs

In the present work it was shown that total saponins originated from <i>M. hybrida</i> and <i>M. sativa</i> substantially limited mycelium growth of <i>F. oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>tulipae</i> and symptoms of fusariosis on tulip bulbs. Out of 15 individual tested saponins originated from <i>M. arabica</i>, <i>M. hybrida</i> and <i>M. sativa</i>, four compounds: 3-<i>O</i>-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→2)α-L-arabinopyranosyl] hederagenin, hederagenin 3-<i>O</i>-β-D-glucopyranoside, medicagenic acid, medicagenic acid 3-<i>O</i>-β-D-glucopyranoside had the strongest inhibitory effect on mycelium growth of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>tulipae</i> on PDA medium. The total saponins from <i>M. arabica</i>, <i>M. hybrida</i> and <i>M. sativa</i> inhibited the number of colony forming units of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>tulipae</i> in artificially infested substrate. The use of saponins originated from <i>Medicago</i> as a fungicide is suggested.

scholarly journals Development of root system of flowers under the influence of growth regulators produced on the basic of heterylcarboxylic acids

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
N.P. Derevianko
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Root System ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Tulip Bulbs ◽  
Positive Effect

The positive effect of growth regulators made on the basis of heterocarboxylic acids of sodium (potassium) salts on the growth and development of the root system of Saintpaulia (Uzumbar violet) has been shown. It has been established that the new growth regulators accelerate the growth and development of the root system of Saintpaulia. This allows us to conclude that the plants will take root better and will be stronger. As for the tulip bulbs, they developed according to the norm, but no significant growth has been observed, but they were well and quickly enough to bend and bloom. Key words: tulips, bulbs, Saintpaulia, Uzumbar violet, growth regulators, heterocarboxylic acids.

scholarly journals Influence of Bacillus polymyxa on the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Alicja Saniewska
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Bacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Dual Cultures ◽  
Tulip Bulbs

Antagonistic effect of Bacillus polymyxa, strain S13, toward Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae was evaluated iii vitro and in vivo. The growth of the pathogen was greatly inhibited in dual cultures with Bacillus polymyxa on potato dextrose agar. Suspension of B. polymyxa and its filtrate substantially inhibited spore germination and development of Fusarium oxysporuum f. sp. tulipae on tulip bulbs.

scholarly journals The effect of cultivation conditions on growth, sporulation and formation of morphological structures of Topospora myrtilli (Feltg.) boerema

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Mariusz Szmagara ◽  
Ewa Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Intensive Growth

The growth of <i>Topospora myrtilli</i> isolates, obtained in the years 2001-2003, was studied on PDA medium at -10, +2, +6, +12, +18, +22 and +28°C. The growth and sporulation of the isolates were observed at +22°C on the following culture media: PDA, maltose - MA and mineral - MSA, as well as on two versions of oat media, one containing 20 g of oat flakes per litre (OA-20), and the other containing 50 g of oat flakes per litre (OA-50). The observations of the linear growth of colonies of the studied strains were carried out during a period of 21 days, whereas the formation of morphological structures until the 52<sup>nd</sup> day of cultivation. It was found that <i>T. myrtilli</i> can grow and sporulate in a wide range of temperature, even at +2°C. The pathogen growth activates with the increase of temperature, up to the optimal temperature, i.e. from +18°C to +22°C. The increase of temperature to +28°C did not favour the mycelium growth and prevents pathogen sporulation. PDA, OA-20, OA- 50 and MA media can be considered to be the most suitable for the growth and development of <i>T. myrtilli</i>, due to the intensive growth and formation of typical macro- and microscopic features. It is necessary to emphasise the great usefulness of oat medium, especially OA-50, for the cultivation of <i>Topospora myrtilli</i>, in the aspect of sporulation of the fungus. It was found that mineral medium is unsuitable due to the formation of mycelium with an untypical structure and colouration as well as late conidial sporulation.

scholarly journals Influence of pH and Etridiazole on Pythium Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-374
Author(s):  
Charles S. Krasnow ◽  
Mary K. Hausbeck
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Pythium Root Rot ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Influence Of Ph ◽  
Cyst Germination

Pythium root rot (Pythium sp.) is ubiquitous in Michigan greenhouses that produce herbaceous ornamentals, an industry worth $393 million in the state. Disease symptoms include stunting, flowering delay, root rot, and death. Fungicides that are highly effective against pythium root rot are limited, and pathogen resistance has been documented. The objectives of this study were to determine the sensitivity of Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum, and Pythium aphanidermatum isolates from symptomatic herbaceous greenhouse ornamentals to the fungicide etridiazole and to determine the influence of pH and etridiazole on Pythium mycelial growth and asexual reproduction. Isolates were tested in vitro for sensitivity to etridiazole by growing the pathogen on amended V8-agar plates sealed in plastic containers to minimize fungicide loss from the vapor phase. The majority of isolates of all three species were sensitive to the fungicide with EC50 (effective concentration resulting in 50% inhibition of linear growth) values ranging from 0.10 to 5.03 μg·mL−1. Two isolates of P. irregulare had an EC90 (effective concentration resulting in 90% inhibition of linear growth) value >80 μg·mL−1. The acidity of the medium influenced the ability of etridiazole to inhibit Pythium mycelial growth and asexual reproduction. Agar plates amended with 1 μg·mL−1 etridiazole and adjusted to pH 4.5 limited the mycelial growth of two P. aphanidermatum isolates and two P. irregulare isolates by 90% and 56%, respectively, compared with amended agar at pH 6.5. Sporangial formation by P. aphanidermatum was less frequent on mycelial disks incubated in etridiazole-amended sterile distilled water (SDW) at pH 4.5 than pH 6.5 (P < 0.05). P. aphanidermatum zoospore cyst germination was less sensitive to etridiazole than sporangia or mycelial growth; however, the influence of pH and fungicide on cyst germination was significant (P < 0.01). At 250 μg·mL−1 etridiazole and solution pH 4.5, zoospore cyst germination was inhibited 99.9% compared with 94.2% at pH 6.5. In a greenhouse experiment, disease symptoms were observed on ‘Pinto White’ geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum) in a potting medium infested with P. aphanidermatum and adjusted to pH 4.5 or 6.5; however, plant health and fresh weight were greater in low pH potting medium. Etridiazole, applied as a drench at transplant, did not improve control of root rot for plants grown at low pH (P > 0.05). Fresh weight of plants grown in infested potting medium adjusted to pH 4.5 and amended with a single drench of etridiazole (100 μg·mL−1) was reduced 20%, statistically similar to the untreated control. Adjusting the acidity of irrigation water at the time of etridiazole application in ebb and flow and flood floor production systems could be beneficial in pythium root rot management of certain ornamental crops if plants have tolerance to low pH.

scholarly journals Potential antifungal effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of different sizes against phytopathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilgin Akpinar ◽  
Muammer Unal ◽  
Taner Sar
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Antifungal Effects ◽  
Critical Problems

AbstractFusarium species are the primary fungal pathogen affecting agricultural foodstuffs both in crop yield and economic loss. Due to these problems, control of phytopathogenic fungi has become one of the critical problems around the World. Nanotechnology is a new technology with potential in many fields, including agriculture. This study focused on determining potential effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with different nanosizes (3, 5, 8 and 10 nm) and at different concentrations (12.5–100 ppm) against phytopathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) strains. The maximum antifungal activity was achieved by decreasing nanosize and increasing concentration of AgNPs. Mycelium growth abilities were decreased about 50%, 75% and 90% by AgNPs treatment with 3 nm sizes at 25 ppm, 37.5 ppm and 50 ppm concentrations, respectively. The productivity of fungal biomass in the liquid growth media was found to be too limited at the 25–37.5 ppm of AgNPs concentrations with all sizes. In addition, both septation number and dimensions of micro- and macroconidia were found to be gradually decreased with the application of silver nanoparticles. This work showed that the low concentration of AgNPs could be used as potential antifungal agents and applied for control of phytopathogens.

RESPONSE OF PEAS TO ENVIRONMENT: IV. EFFECT OF FIVE SOIL WATER REGIMES ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PEAS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Maurer ◽  
H. F. Fletcher ◽  
D. P. Ormrod
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soil Water Conditions

Pea plants growing in "weighing lysimeters" were subjected to five soil-water regimes to determine their response to varying conditions of soil water imposed at different stages of development. Plants subjected to a minimal water stress developed luxuriantly and continued to grow up to the harvest period. Pea yield and plant height were not reduced, but fresh weight and dry matter were less if irrigation was applied when soil water fell to 60% rather than 88% of that available. A severe water stress after blossom reduced pea yield, irrespective of soil-water conditions prior to blossom. Plants which had been given ample soil water before blossom wilted visibly when a severe stress was imposed in the post-blossom period, yet wilting did not occur in plants subjected to severe water stress both before and after blossom. Severe water stress prior to blossom did not cause a decrease in pea yield if ample soil moisture was made available after blossom.

Nitrogen metabolism of Picea glauca. II. Diurnal changes of free amino acids, amides, and guanidino compounds in roots, buds, and leaves during the onset of dormancy of white spruce saplings

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 921-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Durzan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Guanidino Compounds

In late August during the onset of dormancy in spruce, seasonal levels of soluble nitrogen, rich in arginine, were high. On a fresh weight basis, diurnal levels of total soluble nitrogen and most component amino acids in roots, buds, and leaves showed maxima, one at sunrise and another in the afternoon or near sunset.Arginine and glutamine in the different plant parts contributed 44 to 83% to the alcohol-soluble nitrogen. In buds and leaves, percentage of arginine remained high and decreased slightly at midday, whereas in roots a continual drop occurred. In all organs examined, changes in glutamine reflected the double maxima of total soluble nitrogen and were greatest in roots.On a fresh weight basis, most amino acids accumulated at sunrise and near sunset; however a few especially in leaves, increased at midday, e.g. glutamic and aspartic acid, lysine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and serine.Comparison of levels of free guanidino compounds in different organs showed remarkable out-of-phase patterns. Levels of these compounds are known from 14C-arginine studies to be closely related to the metabolism of arginine.

scholarly journals Intensitas dan Luas Serangan Beberapa Isolat Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi pada Jahe Gajah

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Hermawati Cahyaningrum ◽  
Nur Prihatiningsih ◽  
Soedarmono Soedarmono
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Screen House ◽  
Rhizome Rot ◽  
Growth Ability

Ginger is one of the spices and medicinal commodities which is cultivated in Indonesia. One of the obstacles encountered in the cultivation of ginger is the rhizome rot disease which is mainly caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. zingiberi Trujillo. This study is aimed to know the growth ability and virulence level of the isolates on ginger rhizome and plants. The research was conducted in the laboratory and in the screen house by using Complete Random Design consisted of 10 treatments and 4 replications. The parameters observed were growth ability of F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi, rhizome rot disease symptoms, incubation period, extensive decay and weight difference of the rhizomes. The results showed that F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi which was stored for 4 years in sterile soil medium was still capable to cause damage to the rhizome and plants. Incubation periods of rhizome decay and plant symptoms were from 3 to 11.5 and 55.5 to 68.5 days, respectively. The most virulent isolate was MSO1 with extensive decay of rhizome and the wilting intensity were 108.95 mm2 dan 33.88%, respectively. IntisariJahe merupakan salah satu komoditas rempah dan obat yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Salah satu kendala yang dihadapi dalam budidaya jahe adalah adanya gangguan penyakit busuk rimpang yang disebabkan (terutama) oleh Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. zingiberi Trujillo. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji daya tumbuh dan virulensi isolat F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi pada rimpang dan tanaman jahe gajah. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium dan di rumah kasa menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) yang masing-masing terdiri dari 10 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi daya tumbuh F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi, gejala penyakit busuk rimpang, masa inkubasi, luas pembusukan dan selisih bobot basah rimpang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi yang telah di simpan 4 tahun dalam medium tanah steril mampu menyebabkan kerusakan pada rimpang dan tanaman jahe. Masa inkubasi gejala busuk pada rimpang serta gejala pada tanaman masing- masing berkisar antara 3–11,5 serta 55,5–68,5 hari. Isolat yang paling virulen adalah MSO1 dengan nilai luas pembusukan pada rimpang dan intensitas penyakit masing-masing sebesar 108,95 mm2 dan 33,88%.

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