scholarly journals Influence of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) as intercrop with spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on the diversity of weed communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Orzech ◽  
Maria Wanic
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Weeds Control

<p class="abstracttekst">The paper presents results of 3 years of studies (2009–2011) on the influence of Italian ryegrass on the development of weed communities in spring barley (without chemical weeds control) cultivated after potato, spring wheat and spring barley. The reaction of spring barley to the choice of the forecrop was compared with identical plots with pure stand of that cereal where herbicides were applied for weeds control. Evaluation of infestation with weeds was conducted during barley tillering and before harvest. That evaluation considered the number and composition of weed species. During harvest, the dry mass of weeds was also considered. The results were used for determination of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and species homogeneity coefficient, Simpson’s index of dominance as well as Sørensen similarity index.</p>Spring barley weeding was significantly higher in case of cultivating it in mixed stand with Italian ryegrass (without chemical control), than in pure stand (with control). In the plots with mixed crop, lower diversity and homogeneity of weeds’ communities were recorded than in pure stand. Barley in mixed crop sown after spring barley, during both times of evaluation (spring and before harvest), increased the value of the index of dominance according to the number of species the most. As concerns the composition of species, number and biomass, the communities of pure stand and mixed crop with Italian ryegrass on the plot after potato were the most similar.

scholarly journals Mangrove vegetation and bird communities around Tegal Port, Central Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Isworo ◽  
POERNA SRI OETARI
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation

Abstract. Isworo S, Oetari PS. 2020. Mangrove vegetation and bird communities around Tegal Port, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1551-1560. The ecological balance in Tegal harbor area needs to get serious attention due to the impacts of Tegal Port activities. For this purpose, the diversity of mangrove and avifauna (bird) can be used as bio-indicators of the ecological stability of the area. This study aimed to assess and analyze the diversity of plants and avifauna (birds) that live in mangrove and coastal zones around Tegal Port development area. Data collection was conducted using purposive random sampling method on two sites for vegetation and three sites for avifauna. The importance value index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Sorensen’s similarity index was calculated for the vegetation. For birds, we calculated the diversity and similarity index as well as identified their conservation status based on the IUCN Red List, CITES and government regulations. In terms of vegetation, Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia marina dominate Site 2 (Tegalsari) while Casuarina equisetifolia and R. mucronata dominate Site 3 (Alam Indah Beach). Overall, the vegetation has low biodiversity index and similarity between sites is also low. For bird, there are 37 species from 18 families. Site 1 (Muara Reja) has the highest number of species with 29 species, followed by Site 2 (Tegalsari) with 25 species, and Site 3 (Alam Indah Beach) with 22 species. The three sites have moderate diversity index and there is high similarity index between sites. All bird species found in the study sites are listed as Least Concern under IUCN Red List, while there are two species protected under national protection law, i.e. Ardea alba and Glareola maldivarum. In general, the condition of mangrove vegetation around Tegal Port has low diversity. This suggests that the pressure on the environment is quite high, causing only few plant species to be able to live and dominate the ecosystem. The limited vegetation also causes birds community, especially the protected A. alba and G. maldivarum in Site 2, becomes increasingly difficult to find, because places to find food, breeding places and places to rest are disturbed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the diversity of Scolitids (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the forest plantations of the central zone of the Ecuadorian littoral

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Malena Martínez ◽  
Jessenia Castro ◽  
Ronald Villamar-Torres ◽  
Mercedes Carranza ◽  
Julio Muñoz-Rengifo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Tropical Zone ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Wood Borer

The species of Scolytinae subfamily have a worldwide distribution, and are found mainly in the Neo-tropic regions. They usually dominate the communities of wood borer insects. The aim of the present study was to determine the diversity among Scolytinae species associated with balsa, teak, rubber and gamhar plantations located in the humid tropical zone of the Ecuadorian littoral. In each plantation seven flight interception traps containing an ethanol / gel mixture were installed, with a collection frequency of 15 days for three months in the dry period. A total of 1437 specimens were collected, represented by Xyleborini, Cryphalini, Corthylini and Ipini tribes. In the four plantations, 18 species of Scolitids were collected, of which 16 were recorded in the balsa plantation, while in the other plantations 10 to 12 species were found. The most abundant Scolitids were Hypothenemus spp., Corthylus spp., Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborinus bicornatulus and Premnobium cavipennis. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in the balsa culture (H’= 2.37) and lower in Teak (H’= 1.57). The Jaccard similarity index was higher among the teak and rubber plantations (Cj = 0.9090) while the balsa plantation obtained less similarity with respect to the other three plantations. The greatest diversity of Scolitids was recorded in the balsa plantation, which is a native species, unlike the other forest species, which are exotic, indicating that the diversity would be influenced by the host tree and the location where they are found.

scholarly journals The Influence of Paddy Fields toward The Seasonal Herbaceous Wetland Ecosystem in Rawa Pening Lake

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Desti Christian Cahyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Wetland Ecosystem ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Observation Method

Most of the tidal land in the lakeside of Rawa Pening is currently used for rice farming activities. This activity is thought to have negative impacts on seasonal herbaceous wetland ecosystem in this region. The study aimed to analyze the influence paddy fields toward the seasonal herbaceous wetland ecosystems in Rawa Pening Lake through an vegetation composition and structure approach. This study is a quantitative descriptive research with field observation method. Data of vegetation was collected using line intercept transect technique in the area widely of 625 m2 for each affected and unaffected ecosystem sample. Data analysis was performed by calculating the Sorensen Similarity Index (IS), the Margalef Diversity Index (R), the Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), the Dominance Index (C), and the Evenness Index (E). The results showed that there were differences in the composition and structure of vegetation on the two ecosystem samples, seen from the value of similarity index (IS) between both of them that included in the low criteria (39.85%). The results also showed that the Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index (H') and the Margalef Diversity Index (R) on the affected ecosystem sample  (H' = 1,9834; R = 1,825) are lower when compared to the unaffected ecosystem sample (H'= 2,1297; R = 2,112). So it can be concluded that the existence of paddy fields has changed the composition and structure of vegetation and reduced the diversity of vegetation in the affected ecosystem. Based on these conclusions, it is recommended to construct a sustainable management system of paddy fields on Rawa Pening Lake's tidal land as the effort for natural ecosystems maintenance in this region, especially in the biodiversity and ecological services preservation.

scholarly journals Species diversity of drifting fish eggs in the Yangtze River using molecular identification

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingdian Liu ◽  
Dengqiang Wang ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Huiwu Tian ◽  
Shaoping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Fish Eggs ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Main River ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

The dam constructions greatly changed the hydrologic conditions in the Yangtze River, and then significantly affected the spawning activities of indigenous river fish. Monitoring the species composition of drifting eggs during spawning season is important for protection issues. In this study, we have sampled drifting fish eggs in nine locations from 2014 to 2016. Eggs were identified using the mitochondrial cyt b gene sequence. A total of 7,933 fish eggs were sequenced successfully and blasted into the NCBI database. Thirty-nine fish species were identified, and were assigned to four families and two orders. Approximately 64% of the species identified, and 67% of the eggs, were classified in the Family Cyprinidae. Abundance and Shannon–Wiener diversity index of species were higher in the main river than in tributaries of the river. However, tributaries may be important spawning grounds for some fish species. The Jaccard’s similarity index and river-way distances among sampled stations were negatively correlated suggesting the environment shapes species composition in the sampled spawning grounds. These results showed that mitochondrial DNA sequence is a powerful and effective tool for fish egg identification in Yangtze River and these data are useful for conservation efforts.

scholarly journals Studi Ekologi Kuantitatif Hutan Pilan Sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Kebun Raya Gianyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Farid Kuswantoro ◽  
I Nyoman Lugrayasa ◽  
Wawan Sujarwo
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Sacred Forest ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Study Results

Penelitian ekologi kuantitatif diperlukan sebagai baseline dalam proses pembangunan dan pengembangan kebun raya di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data vegetasi di kawasan hutan yang akan dibangun kebun raya dan menganalisisnya secara kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode petak kuadrat (PU), dengan petak ukur 20 m x 20 m untuk pengamatan tingkat pohon dan tiang, serta 2 mx 2 m untuk pengamatan tingkat tumbuhan bawah. Analisis data dilakukan mengunakan indeks nilai penting, indeks keanekaragaman ShannonWiener, indeks similaritas, analisis kluster, dan analisis komponen utama (PCA). Komunitas tumbuhan di hutan Pilan didominasi oleh Magnolia montana (Blume) Figlar dan Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. pada tingkat pohon serta Daemonorops sp. pada tingkat tumbuhan bawah. Indeks keanekaragaman pada tingkat pohon dan tiang menunjukan nilai sedang dan rendah pada tingkat tumbuhan bawah, sementara indeks similaritas mayoritas kombinasi PU adalah rendah. Hasil kluster menunjukan terbentuknya dua subset pada kedua tingkat pertumbuhan, dimana PU VI berada di luar kluster sedangkan PCA menunjukan setiap PU mendukung jenis tumbuhan yang berbeda-beda. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa komposisi vegetasi hutan Pilan mendekati klimaks yang disebabkan karena statusnya sebagai hutan keramat sehingga relatif bebas dari gangguan. Faktor-faktor yang diduga mempengaruhi perbedaan komposisi tumbuhan di setiap PU adalah pH tanah, intensitas sinar matahari, jenis pohon yang dominan, efek tepi, dan persebaran bijioleh hewan.Quantitative Ecological Study of Pilan Forest as a Baseline for Development of Gianyar Botanic GardenAbstractQuantitative ecological research is needed as a baseline in the future construction and development of botanic gardens. This study aims to acquired the vegetation data in the forest area where a botanic garden will be established and analyse it quantitatively. The study was conducted using the quadrat plot (PU) method, with a plot measuring 20 m x 20 m for observation and tagging of all trees and saplings, as well as 2 mx2 m for observation of the understorey level. Data analysis was performed by utilising the importance value index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, similarity index, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). Plant communities in Pilan Forest were dominated by Magnolia montana(Blume) Figlar and Arenga pinnata(Wurmb) Merr. at the canopy level and Daemonorops sp. in the understorey level. The diversity index was moderate and low respectively, while the similarity index was mostly low. The clustering results showed the formation of two subsets in both growth rate as the PU VI was outside the cluster and the PCA indicated that each plot supports different plant species. The study results concluded that the composition of vegetation at Pilan forest is approaching the maximum diversity, and is relatively undisturbed due to its status as a sacred forest. Factors thought to affect the different composition of plants in each plot was the pH of the soil, the intensity of sunlight, dominant tree species, edge effects and distribution of seeds by animals.

scholarly journals Plant diversity in logged over forest in Mahakam Ulu, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adhy widya Setiawan ◽  
ALBERTUS TJIU ◽  
ARI MEIDIDIT ◽  
ISWINANTO ISWINANTO ◽  
AMMAR GINANJAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

Abstract. Setiawan AW, Tjiu A, Meididit A, Iswinanto, Ginanjar A, Atut Y, Agusti R. 2021. Plant diversity in logged over forest in Mahakam Ulu, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4829-4838. A study of flora was conducted in the Ratah Timber concession area. Objectives of this study was to calculate the Importance Value Index (IVI) and identify species diversity in Mahakam Ulu, East Kalimantan. A survey was carried out in 128 plots within 13 transects placed purposively. Vegetation sampling was conducted using line transect and a quadrat method. As many as 530 species belonging to 79 families were found. Of these species, 420 species were found in observation plots with 374 of the species being tree. The most dominant tree species were Endertia spectabilis, Shorea pinanga and Shorea leprosula with IVI of 10.24%, 8.25%, and 6.96%, respectively. In total, 114 species or 21.5% are endemic species of Borneo. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index at tree level was 5.51 and at seedling level was 4.95. The highest Similarity Index was found between transects 23 and 21, meanwhile the lowest was between transects 05 and 15. This study found 61 species which are classified on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (2020-1) as critically endangered (16), endangered (11), and vulnerable (34) species.

scholarly journals Avaliação do efeito de borda da Reserva Biológica de Pindorama, SP

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. V. N. Abdo ◽  
S. V. Valeri ◽  
A. S. Ferraudo
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effect ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Effect Evaluation ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Biological Reserve

<p>Caracterizou dois fragmentos de floresta estacional semidecidual da Reserva Biológica de Pindorama, SP. Em 65 parcelas de 400 m<sup>2</sup> avaliou-se: grau de infestação na parcela, distância da borda, altura, área basal e grau de infestação das quatro maiores árvores e num quadrante sorteado avaliou-se solo, a altitude, o número de espécies, o número, a área basal e a altura de todos indivíduos arbóreos com diâmetro a altura do peito (DAP) ≥ a 5 cm e a fitossociologia. O agrupamento hierárquico dividiu as parcelas em dois grupos onde determinou-se valores médios das variáveis, Índices de diversidade de espécies (H’) e Coeficiente de equabilidade (J) e a similaridade entre os grupos com o Índice de similaridade de Jaccard (ISJ). O agrupamento hierárquico, k-médias e componentes principais caracterizaram grupos de parcelas semelhantes e as variáveis com maior poder de discriminação foram: altura das quatro maiores árvores, número de indivíduos por parcelas, área basal total, infestação por parcelas, número de espécies. No Grupo 2 houve maior infestação de plantas invasoras e lianas nas quatro maiores árvores e menor distância das parcelas da borda com mais parcelas sob efeito de borda (31,75%). O Grupo 1  teve menor porcentagem  de parcelas sob efeito de borda (22,22%). </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Edge effect evaluation of Pindorama Biological Reserve-SP</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>:</strong> Edge effect evaluation in two forest remnants in the Biological Reserve Pindorama, SP, in 65 plots of 400 m<sup>2</sup>, using data of: degree of infestation in the plot, distance from edge, height, basal area and degree of infestation of the four largest trees. In a random quadrant were evaluated soil and altitude, species number, number, basal area and height of trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm and phytosociological describers: density absolute and relative, relative dominancy, frequency relative and absolute , importance value, species diversity index (H '), evenness coefficient (J) and similarity index (ISJ). The hierarchical clustering gathered parcels into two groups with specific values of the variables H’ an J and ISJ between them. The k-means and principal components analyses characterized similar plots groups and the variables with greater power of discrimination were: height of the four largest trees, number of individuals in plots, total basal area, infestation in plots, number of species. Group 2, closer to the edge had  higher infestation of weeds and vines in the four largest trees 31,75% plots under edge effect  and Group 1 had a lower percentage of plots under edge effect (22.22%).</p>

scholarly journals The Effect of the Blue and Black Light Trap on the Diversity of the Trichoptera (Caddisfly Adult) and Other Insects in Lotic and Lentic Area of Mae Tam Reservoir, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 717
Author(s):  
Arthit Nuntakwang ◽  
Decha Thapanya ◽  
Hakan Bozdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Better Than

This study was conducted using two types of light traps to collect the insects at Mae Tam Reservoir from January to April 2018. The sampling area was divided into 4 points. Two points were located at the reservoir’s bank, and the others were located at the reservoir’s outlet. The study aimed to compare the efficiency of the fluorescent tube's blue and purple light, which had a different wavelength on insect’s attraction. To compare the diversity of Trichoptera in the different stream habitats, Sørensen similarity index, Shannon-Wiener index, and Evenness index were used. The result showed that purple light could attract insects better than blue light. Hymenoptera was attracted by purple light. Coleoptera and Hemiptera were attracted by blue light. The study on the diversity of Trichoptera showed that there were 2,534 individuals of 9 families 48 species were collected. Ecnomus puro was the most abundant species (1,120 individuals). The highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index was sampling points 4 (2.10). The highest Evenness index was sampling points 4 (0.62). Sørensen similarity index showed that sampling points 3 and 4 had the highest value (67.92 %) because they were adapted from a natural creek to concrete where boulder, gravel, cobble, sand, and woody material were deposited at the stream bottom. These provided various microhabitats for insect larva to live and develop. The riparian had affected the distribution and colonization of mature insects.

scholarly journals KOMUNITAS AVIFAUNA DI SEPANJANG ALIRAN ANAK SUNGAI WAILAWA DESA TAWIRI KECAMATAN TELUK AMBON, KOTA AMBON

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Andri Tuhumury
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Foraging Guild

The study was conducted in April 2017, located along the Wailawa watercourses, Tawiri Village, Ambon. The method applied in these studies were Point Count, while data analysis using Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, Evenness Index, Domination Index, Similarity Index, and Guild Composition. The results showed that the number of bird species found along Wailawa watercourse were 28 species of 25 genera, 17 families, and 8 orders. The diversity of bird species is moderate (H ‘= 2,54). The bird species similarity analysis resulted in three bird communities, including: (1) bird communities in mangrove forest, estuaries with grass vegetation, (2) bird communities in garden and settlement habitats, and (3) bird communities in mixed forest habitat. Mangrove forest and estuaries have the highest species similarities (0,63). Estuaries and mix gardens have the lowest bird similarities (0,05). Bird communities in mangrove forests and estuaries are heterogeneous because they have more species with a more equitable distribution of species abundance, while in other habitat, their are homogenous because of relatively have a low species diversity with uneven distribution of species abundance.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis komunitas burung, meliputi kekayaan jenis, keanekaragaman jenis, kelimpahan relatif, kemerataan jenis, foraging guild, serta kesamaan jenis. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April 2017, berlokasi di sepanjang Anak Sungai Wailawa, Desa Tawiri, Kota Ambon. Metode pengambilan data adalah metode point count, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, Indeks Kemerataan Jenis Evennes, Indeks Dominasi Jenis, Indeks Kesamaan Jenis, dan Foraging guild. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah jenis burung yang ditemukan sebanyak 28 jenis dari 25 genus, 17 famili, dan 8 ordo. Keanekaragaman jenis burung tergolong sedang (H’ = 2,54). Hasil analisis tingkat kesamaan komunitas menghasilkan tiga komunitas burung, meliputi : (1) komunitas burung di hutan mangrove-muara sungai bervegetasi rumput, (2) komunitas burung di kebun dan permukiman, serta (3) komunitas burung di kebun campur. Hutan mangrove dan muara sungai memiliki kesamaan jenis burung tertinggi, yakni 0,63. Muara sungai dan kebun campur memiliki kesamaan jenis burung terendah, yakni 0,05. Komunitas burung di hutan mangrove dan muara sungai adalah komunitas heterogen karena memiliki lebih banyak spesies dengan distribusi kelimpahan spesies yang lebih merata, sedangkan komunitas burung pada tipe habitat lainnya adalah komunitas homogen karena keragaman jenis relatif rendah dan distribusi kelimpahan spesies tidak merata.

scholarly journals Weed infestation of a cereal-legume mixture depending on its concentration and position in a crop rotation

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Marta K. Kostrzewska ◽  
Maria Wanic ◽  
Magdalena Jastrzębska
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Communities ◽  
Weed Infestation

A field study was carried out in the period 2000-2006 at the Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo belonging to the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. Its aim was to compare weed infestation of a mixture of spring barley and field pea grown in a four crop rotation with different crop selection and sequence. Each year during tillering of spring barley and before the harvest of the mixture, weed species composition and density were evaluated, while additionally weed biomass was also estimated before the harvest. These results were used to determine species constancy, Simpson&rsquo;s dominance index, the Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness indices as well as the community similarity index based on floristic richness, numbers and biomass of particular weed species. The cropping frequency and the position of the mixture in the crop rotation did not differentiate the species composition and total biomass of weed communities in the cereal-legume mixture crops. The crop rotation in which the mixture constituted 50% and was grown after itself had a reducing effect on weed numbers. Growing field pea in the 4-year crop rotation promoted weed infestation of the mixture and the dominance of weed communities. <em>Capsella bursa-pastoris</em>, <em>Chenopodium album</em>, <em>Echinochloa crus-galli</em>, <em>Elymus repens</em>, <em>Polygonum convolvulus</em>, and <em>Sonchus arvensis </em>were constant components of the agrophytocenoses. The weed communities were more similar in terms of their floristic composition than in terms of weed density and air-dry weight of weeds.

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