scholarly journals Wstępne badania anatomiczne procesu kształtowania się drewna późnego w „słoju rocznym" siewek modrzewia (Larix europaea D. C.) w związku z warunkami długości oświetlenia dziennego [Preliminary anatomical investigations into the process of late wood differentiation in Larch (Larix europaea D. C.) seedlings annual rings as influenced by the length of day light]

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Molski ◽  
W. Żelawski
Keyword(s):  
Annual Rings ◽  
Length Of Day ◽  
Late Wood

Physical and mechanical properties and drying modes of Quercus petraea without artificial humidification in convective drying chambers of periodic actionPhysical and mechanical properties and drying modes of Quercus petraea without artificial humidification in convective drying chambers of periodic action

10.12737/3359 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-150
Author(s):  
Чернышев ◽  
Aleksandr Chernyshev ◽  
Ефимова ◽  
Tatyana Efimova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Periodic Action ◽  
Late Wood

The features of the process and drying modes without artificial humidification of uncut Quercus petraea lumber in convective drying chambers without artificial humidification for furniture and joinery production of premium class is considered. The data of physical and mechanical properties of Quercus petraea, such as density, the number of annual rings and the percentage of late wood are given. The drying process of Quercus petraea was mathematically modeled previously, values ​​of transient humidity and other key operating parameters were obtained, and then practical industrial dryings in one stock chamber with load capacity of 10 cubic metres were carried out.

scholarly journals Physical and mechanical properties and modes of drying linden wood without artificial humidification

10.12737/8463 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Чернышев ◽  
Aleksandr Chernyshev ◽  
Ефимова ◽  
Tatyana Efimova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Wood Technology ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Late Wood

The article describes the features of the process and conditions of drying without artificial humidification of uncut lumber of linden in convective drying chambers without artificial humidification for the manu-facture of furniture parts and joinery products. Methodology of the work, the size of the samples and the rules for their selection are described. The data of physical and mechanical properties of linden wood are given, such as density, number of annual rings and the percentage of late wood. Studies have been con-ducted at the Department of Mechanical Wood Technology of VSAFT and one of the real estate compa-nies of Voronezh.

scholarly journals Influence of position within the tree stem according to growth-ring width of spruce (Picea abies /L./ KARST.) with compression wood

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Gryc ◽  
Jiří Holan
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Late Wood ◽  
Growth Ring Width ◽  
Tree Stem

The work was focused on problematics of annual-rings width according to position within the tree stem. Annual-ring widths, ratio of late wood and early wood by spruce with compression wood were investigated. Statistically significant differencies of individual zones in tree were occured. Zone of compression wood showed bigger width of annual-rings, common occurence of late wood and higher percentual ratio of late wood. Obtained results agree with common results in literature. Variability of annual-ring width according to position within the tree stem was confirmed. Width of annual-ring was changed mainly according to radius of stem. In height position within the stem no more significant variability of annual-ring width was observed.

scholarly journals Effects of the position in a stem on the variability of tracheids in spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) with the occurrence of reaction wood

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Vladimír Gryc ◽  
Hanuš Vavrčík
Keyword(s):  
Compression Wood ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Reaction Wood ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Opposite Wood ◽  
Late Wood ◽  
Radial Dimension ◽  
Wood Tracheid ◽  
Stem Structure

The paper is aimed at the field of the microscopic structure of wood dealing with the description of the most important anatomic element in softwood – tracheids in a stem with the occurrence of reaction wood. Significant changes of tracheids were found along the height and radius of a stem. There were statistically significant differences between particular annual rings (variability along the stem radius). The height of a stem was also statistically significant. On the basis of the results obtained 3D models were created (for zones compression wood, opposite wood and site wood; models for radial dimension an early-wood tracheid and late-wood tracheid) depicting changes in transverse dimensions of the spruce tracheid in relation to its position in a stem. Structure of ring with compression wood was studied too. It was observed that the ring with occurrence of compression wood has a following structure: early wood tracheids at the beginning of the growing season, transitional tracheids, compression tracheids and at the end of an annual ring typical late wood tracheids. The rings with compression wood show more tracheids as compared with annual rings from the opposite side.

Polar Magnetic Field Reversals of the Sun in Maunder Minimum

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
V. I. Makarov ◽  
A. G. Tlatov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Maunder Minimum ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Field Reversal ◽  
Polar Magnetic Field ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Magnetic Field Reversal

AbstractA possible scenario of polar magnetic field reversal of the Sun during the Maunder Minimum (1645–1715) is discussed using data of magnetic field reversals of the Sun for 1880–1991 and the14Ccontent variations in the bi-annual rings of the pine-trees in 1600–1730 yrs.

scholarly journals Improved Hough Transform and Total Variation Algorithms for Features Extraction of Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Weiwei Du ◽  
Yarui Xi ◽  
Kiichi Harada ◽  
Yumei Zhang ◽  
Keiko Nagashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Hough Transform ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
New Model ◽  
Model Combining

Research shows that the intensity impact factors of wood, such as late timber ratio, volume density and the intensity of itself, correlate with the width of wood annual rings. Therefore, extracting wood annual ring information from wood images is helpful for evaluating wood quality. During the past few years, many researchers have conducted defect detection by studying the information of wood images. However, there are few in-depth studies on the statistics and calculation of wood annual ring information. This study proposes a new model combining the Total Variation (TV) algorithm and the improved Hough transform to accurately measure the wood annual ring information. The TV algorithm is used to suppress image noise, and the Hough transform is for detecting the center of the wood image. Moreover, the edges of wood annual rings are extracted, and the statistical ring information is calculated. The experimental results show that the new model has good denoising capability, clearly extract the edges of wood annual rings and calculate the related parameters from the indoor wood images of the processed logs and the unprocessed low-noise logs.

Seasonal Variation in Traumatic Resin Canal Formation in Chamaecyparis Obtusa Phloem

IAWA Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Kuroda
Keyword(s):  
Annual Ring ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Resin Canal ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Resinous Stem Canker ◽  
Traumatic Resin Canals ◽  
Resin Canals ◽  
Artificial Wounding

Trunks of Chamaecyparis obtusa were injured to examine seasonal differences in traumatic resin canal formation in secondary phloem. Even after wounding during winter, differentiation of axial parenchyma into epithelium was initiated, and vertical resin canals formed. After winter wounding, resin canal development was slower and the tangential extent of resin canals was narrower than after spring wounding, and it took one to two months until resin secretion began. After spring wounding, the sites of resin canal formation were the 1- and 2-year-old annual rings of phloem. In August, the location of resin canal formation shifted into the current and 1-year-old annual ring. Resin canals never formed in secondary phloem areas that were 3 or more years old. In C. obtusa trunks that are affected by the resinous stem canker, numerous tangentiallines of resin canals are found throughout the phloem, not just recent and 1- to 2-year-old phloem. The present research indicates that these many lines of resin canals were not formed at one time, and that the stimuli that induce traumatic resin canals must occur repeatedly over many years. The data on artificial wounding effects are useful for understanding resinous stem canker.

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