scholarly journals The flora and vegetation of an old solvay process tip in Jaworzno (Upper Silesia, Poland)

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
E V. J. Cohn ◽  
B. Tokarska-Guzik ◽  
L. C. Trueman ◽  
G. Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Range ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Upper Silesia ◽  
Solvay Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
Future Loss

This paper demonstrates the flora, plant communities and substrates of an old solvay process spoil tip in Upper Silesia, Poland. In an area of 15 000 m<sup>2</sup> there are growing 136 vascular plant species. The flora is characterised by the preponderance of Asteraceae - species and long-lived perennial herbs, many of them coming from meadows and grasslands. Ninety-five percent of species are apophytes despite the anthropogenic origin of the site. A majority of species are associated with moderately dry, base-rich soils with low or moderate levels of nitrogen. The site is shown to be an important refuge for some protected species, montane species and other elements uncommon in the local flora. An analysis of a series of samples used a methodology based on the assessment of percentage cover of particular species and multivariate analysis based on TWINSPAN. Both suggested a relatively high overall similarity between the samples with minor variations associated with moister substrates.Elemental analysis and pH determinations of soil samples associated with the relevés revealed a narrow range of pH and an absence of any strong concentrations of heavy metals. A redundancy analysis of the soil-plant relationships suggested that the strongest trend of differentiation was most closely associated with a phosphate gradient, and the next strongest was pH and possibly waterlogging. The most species-rich vegetation was associated with low phosphate and high pH levels. The results could be interpreted to suggest that processes of soil development and plant succession are slow but nevertheless perceptible, with implications for future loss of diversity. The vegetation constitutes an assemblage essentially of one type showing only weak relationships with described vegetation types such as <em>Molinio-Arrhenatheretea</em> meadow, <em>Festuco-Brometea</em> grassland and <em>Caricetalia davallianae</em> mire. The results also suggest that the vegetation of the site is of considerable value for nature conservation. The site should be protected and be the subject of further research.

scholarly journals Flora y Vegetación de las zonas núcleo de la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Cornejo-Tenorio ◽  
Alejandro Casas ◽  
Berenice Farfán ◽  
José Luis Villaseñor ◽  
Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
One Year

A study of the flora and vegetation physiognomy was conducted at the core zones of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, in the states of México and Michoacán. Collection of plant specimens was carried out du ring one year of field work and this activity was supplemented by a review of voucher specimens previously collected in the area and deposited at the Mexican herbaria IEB, EBUM, and MEXU. A total of 423 vascular plant species including 32 infraespecific taxa and grouped in 86 families and 244 genera were identified, Families with the largest species richness were Asteraceae (103), Lamiaceae (21), Fabaceae (17), and Scrophulariaceae (17).The most speciose genera were Salvia (13), Stevia (8), and Ageratina (7). Mexican endemic species comprised 135 (31.9%) species, which included 13 infrae spec ific taxa; 40 of these species belong to Asteraceae. Herbs were represented by 326 species, followed by shrubs (5 1) and trees (33). The main vegetation types recognized were coniferous forest (including combinations of fir, pine, and oak forests), cloud forest, anthropogenic grass land, and Quercus forest.

scholarly journals The Cuito catchment of the Okavango system: a vascular plant checklist for the Angolan headwaters

PhytoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Goyder ◽  
Nigel Barker ◽  
Stoffel P. Bester ◽  
Arnold Frisby ◽  
Matt Janks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
River System ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
System A ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
First Time

This paper aims to provide a baseline for conservation planning by documenting patterns of plant diversity and vegetation in the upper catchment of the Cuito River. 417 species are recorded from this region. Nine of these are species potentially new to science. Ten species are newly recorded from Angola, with an additional species only recorded previously within Angola from the northern enclave of Cabinda. The 108 new provincial records for Moxico clearly indicate the lack of collections from Angola’s largest province. We note the existence of extensive peat deposits in the Cuito river system for the first time and suggest that one of Barbosa’s vegetation types in the area needs to be reassessed.

The genus Trichodesma (Boraginaceae: Boraginoideae) in southern Africa

Bothalia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Retief
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Perennial Herbs ◽  
Species Descriptions

Trichodesma R.Br. is a genus of about 45 species known from tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. Asia and Australia. The group comprises predominantly perennial herbs, the flowers characterized by anthers with prolonged connectives, often twisting above the thecae. and a prominent accrescent calyx. Five species and three subspecies of 7rii hodesma are currently recognized in southern Africa, with  T. angustifolium Harv. subsp. argenteum Relief A.E.van Wyk newly described. These taxa are widespread in southern Africa, occurring in various vegetation types. A key to the species, descriptions, distribution maps and illustrations of various micro- and macromorphological as well as palvnological features are provided.

The Reservation Status of Plant Species and Vegetation Types in the Northern Territory

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
JCZ Woinarski ◽  
G Connors ◽  
B Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Threatened Plants ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Reserve Network ◽  
Reserve System

The terrestrial conservation reserve system of the Northern Territory comprises 83 reserves covering 3.79% of the land area. This system includes representation of only 63 of the 112 vegetation types recognised in the Northern Territory at 1:1000000 scale. Of these, only 31 are represented to at least 5% of their extent. The reserve system has a strong geographic bias, with very poor representation of vegetation types occurring across a broad band in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Territory. Broad vegetation categories which are particularly poorly reserved include tussock grasslands, chenopod shrublands, Acacia woodland and hummock grasslands: by contrast, closed forests and floodplains have > 20% of their extent reserved. In some contrast to the poor reservation extent of vegetation types, 80% of the 3632 named native vascular plant species known from the Northern Territory have been recorded from reserves. The distribution of the 743 unreserved plants is mapped, and coincides reasonably well with the pattern of unreserved vegetation types. The high proportion of the flora which is reserved is due in part to judicious (or fortuitous) reserve placement-for example, one reserve, Kakadu, contains almost half of the plant species known from the Northern Territory. There are substantial taxonomic and ecological biases in the reported reservation rates for NT plants. Rainforest plants tend to be reasonably well reserved (80% of 585 species), but designated threatened plants are poorly reserved(44% of 553 species). Due to its largely intact environment, the Northern Territory offers an unusually good opportunity for the establishment of a comprehensive reserve network. However, most of the unreserved plants and vegetation types occur on either freehold Aboriginal lands or pastoral leaseholds, suggesting that substantial enhancement of the existing reserve network may not be simple.

scholarly journals Plant colonization, succession and ecosystem development on Surtsey with reference to neighbouring islands

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5521-5537 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Magnússon ◽  
S. H. Magnússon ◽  
E. Ólafsson ◽  
B. D. Sigurdsson
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Plant Colonization ◽  
Nutrient Input ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity

Abstract. Plant colonization and succession on the volcanic island of Surtsey, formed in 1963, have been closely followed. In 2013, a total of 69 vascular plant species had been discovered on the island; of these, 59 were present and 39 had established viable populations. Surtsey had more than twice the species of any of the comparable neighbouring islands, and all of their common species had established on Surtsey. The first colonizers were dispersed by sea, but, after 1985, bird dispersal became the principal pathway with the formation of a seagull colony on the island and consequent site amelioration. This allowed wind-dispersed species to establish after 1990. Since 2007, there has been a net loss of species on the island. A study of plant succession, soil formation and invertebrate communities in permanent plots on Surtsey and on two older neighbouring islands (plants and soil) has revealed that seabirds, through their transfer of nutrients from sea to land, are major drivers of development of these ecosystems. In the area impacted by seagulls, dense grassland swards have developed and plant cover, species richness, diversity, plant biomass and soil carbon become significantly higher than in low-impact areas, which remained relatively barren. A similar difference was found for the invertebrate fauna. After 2000, the vegetation of the oldest part of the seagull colony became increasingly dominated by long-lived, rhizomatous grasses (Festuca, Poa, Leymus) with a decline in species richness and diversity. Old grasslands of the neighbouring islands Elliđaey (puffin colony, high nutrient input) and Heimaey (no seabirds, low nutrient input) contrasted sharply. The puffin grassland of Elliđaey was very dense and species-poor. It was dominated by Festuca and Poa, and very similar to the seagull grassland developing on Surtsey. The Heimaey grassland was significantly higher in species richness and diversity, and had a more even cover of dominants (Festuca/Agrostis/Ranunculus). We forecast that, with continued erosion of Surtsey, loss of habitats and increasing impact from seabirds a lush, species-poor grassland will develop and persist, as on the old neighbouring islands.

The Effects of Grazing by Kangaroos and Rabbits on the Vegetation and the Habitat of Other Fauna in the Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve, Australian Capital Territory.

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Neave ◽  
MT Tanton
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Plant Succession ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Percentage Cover ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Verbascum Thapsus ◽  
Lactuca Serriola ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Grey Kangaroo

Exclosures established in 1979 at 3 grassland sites in the Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve kept out kangaroos and rabbits, kangaroos only or rabbits only, at each site. The occurrence of some plant species changed over time in all treatments as a result of natural plant succession, but other changes were caused mainly by grazing by the grey kangaroo [Macropus giganteus]. The 3 sites were different floristically mainly in the percentage cover of Themeda australis, Bromus molliformis, Hypochoeris radicata and Trifolium spp. The frequency of occurrence of moss, Haloragis tetragyna, Rumex acetosella, B. molliformis and Trifolium spp. also differed between sites. Compared with ungrazed plots, exclosures grazed by kangaroos had decreased percentage cover of Glycine clandestina, Aira caryophyllea and Haloragis tetragyna whereas moss species increased. Bothriochloa macra, which occurred only at 1 site, increased on plots grazed by kangaroos and produced a significant site-treatment interaction. The plots grazed by kangaroos had increased frequency of occurrence of dicotyledonous seedlings, A. caryophyllea, Danthonia sp. and H. radicata. Since 1982-83, the frequency of occurrence of G. clandestina, Lomandra filiformis and Verbascum thapsus decreased where the grey kangaroo grazed. New species recorded in 1986, that appeared only in sites grazed by the grey kangaroo, included B. molliformis, Eriochilus cucullatus, Trifolium campestre, Luzula sp. and Silene gallica. Species such as Hibbertia obtusifolia, Plantago lanceolata, Lactuca serriola, Conyza bonariensis, Danthonia sp. and Hydrocotyle laxiflora were not present on plots grazed by the grey kangaroo. Height of Acrotriche serrulata, dicotyledonous seedlings, G. clandestina, H. laxiflora, Hypericum gramineum, H. radicata, L. filiformis, Poa sp., Sorghum leiocladum and T. australis was reduced markedly in plots grazed by the grey kangaroo, although grazing did not always appear to be the reason. The reduction in the height of the vegetation made the areas unsuitable for stubble quail (Coturnix pectoralis) and Richard's pipit (Anthus novaeseelandiae), and also affected certain invertebrates.

scholarly journals Floristic patterns of the neotropical forests, savannas and scrublands with Trithrinax campestris (Arecaceae) in central Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Sebastián R. Zeballos ◽  
Marcelo R. Cabido ◽  
Juan J. Cantero ◽  
Alicia T.R. Acosta ◽  
M. Virginia Palchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
Partitioning Around Medoids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Floristic Data

Aims: Trithrinax campestris is one of the palm species with the southernmost distribution in the Neotropics. Despite that the vegetation types in which T. campestris occurs are nowadays heavily threatened by land use and land cover changes, their floristic composition and structure are still to be documented. In order to characterize T. campestris habitats, the aim of this study was to describe the floristic composition of the vegetation types in which this palm occurs and their relationships with different environmental factors. Study area: The survey was conducted in central Argentina in an area comprising the southern extreme of the distribution of T. campestris in the following phytogeographic areas: Espinal, Lowland and Mountain Chaco. Methods: Following the Braun-Blanquet approach we collected 92 floristic relevés recording a total of 601 vascular plant species. Vegetation was classified through the ISOPAM hierarchical analysis. Bioclimatic and elevation data were related to the floristic data through the ISOMAP ordination. Remote-sensed images (Landsat TM, ETM+ and OLI) were used to characterize the fire frequency in the 92 stands. Results: Four vegetation types that differed in floristic composition and in diagnostic species were discriminated: 1.1 Celtis tala/Sida rhombifolia closed forest; 1.2 Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco/Prosopis kuntzei open forest; 2.1 Jarava pseudoichu/Vachellia caven open savanna; and 2.2 Acalypha variabilis/Nassella cordobensis scrubland. The ISOMAP ordination showed that differences in floristic composition were related to elevation, topography and climatic variables.Out of the 92 stands, only 21 showed the occurrence of fires during the period 1999–2018. Conclusions: Our results evidenced that vegetation types (forests, savannas and scrublands) comprising T. campestris developed in a wide range of environmental conditions. This is the first study that focuses on all vegetation types in which T. campestris occurs in central Argentina and it is relevant for conservation and sustainable management of the only native palm species in the flora of this part of the country. Taxonomic reference: Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008) and its online update (http://www.darwin.edu.ar). Abbreviations: ISOMAP = isometric feature mapping; ISOPAM = isometric partitioning around medoids.

scholarly journals Yield, vegetation and succession in reserved fields in Central Finland

1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki Hokkanen ◽  
Mikko Raatikainen
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plant ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Underground Biomass ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Harvest Method

51 reserved fields were studied with the harvest method in Central Finland in 1974. 107 vascular plant taxa were identified, having a total oven-dry green biomass of 273.5 g/m2 on the average, and a total mean biomass of 1458.1 g/m2. The amount of the above-ground biomass stays about the same at least for three years after 23 years of increase, whereas the underground biomass increases strongly at least during the first six years, if succession starts after open cultivation. The general tendency in succession at the species level is for the typical weed species of open cultivations to reduce in a few years, and for the species of meadow vegetation to increase both in frequency and abundance. Five vegetation types were distinguished: I) Galeopsis-type, 2) Phleum-type, 3) Anthoxanthum-type, 4) Deschampsia-type, and 5) Elytrigia-type. They can all be placed into a certain succession scheme that is mainly determined by the age, soil and moisture conditions of the reserved field.

scholarly journals Vegetable and Gardening Tower of Othmar Ruthner in the Voivodeship Park of Culture and Recreation in Chorzów—The First Example of Vertical Farming in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5378
Author(s):  
Justyna Kleszcz ◽  
Piotr Kmiecik ◽  
Jakub Świerzawski
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Upper Silesia ◽  
The Real ◽  
Material Analysis ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Vertical Agriculture

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the possibility of introducing urban vertical agriculture in Poland through the example of the only comprehensively implemented facility of this type so far. Through the example of Othmar Ruthner’s no longer existing vegetable and gardening tower in Chorzów, the benefits and damages resulting from an attempt to construct such facilities are presented. The paper also contains an analysis and an attempt to critically assess the phenomenon of the vertical greenhouse that was built in Poland, along with an attempt to assess the real causes of its failure. Based on source material analysis, examples of implementation, and available literature on the subject, an analysis of the possibilities of transforming the facility at the time of its demolition and now was made. The phenomenon of the vertical farm in Chorzów, as a trace of the contemporary architectural heritage of Upper Silesia, is a topic for a broader discussion about the architectural heritage created by buildings which are not so much industrial as technical, with a role so far only secondary to what we call the main architectural functions.

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