scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN THE FISCAL POLICY INSTRUMENTS ON THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL - ECONOMIC INEQUALITY OF MUNICIPALITIES OF RESOURCE REGIONS OF RUSSIA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenya Bukharova
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Empirical analysis of the fuzzy system model of financial expenditure economic effect

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Liangguo Qiao ◽  
Mingde Qi
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic ◽  
Investment Spending ◽  
The Impact

In order to analyze the effects of active fiscal policy implemented in China in the context of tax and fee reduction, this paper adopts a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with microeconomic foundations to study the economic effects of fiscal policy based on a comprehensive consideration of the previous literature. The empirical study based on Matlab software finds that: first, active fiscal policy has a boosting effect on the economy and can stimulate the level of output to rise in the short run; second, different fiscal policy instruments have different impact mechanisms on economic variables, and the impact paths of government consumption spending and investment spending are completely inconsistent; third, the economic effects of government tax cut policies are better than government spending policies, and structural tax cut policy is softer than universal tax cuts; fourth, expansionary government investment spending has the most significant effect on output stimulation and has a very long-term impact on output level. Through the above model analysis, this paper argues that fiscal policy should play a greater role in supporting industrial restructuring, giving full play to the long-term advantages of the interest rate effect on the basis of satisfying society’s short-term needs and pursuing prosperous economic development, increasing investment in public resource areas, deepening industrial structural reforms, offsetting negative supply shocks brought by trade frictions and cross-border investment, raising long-term output levels and increasing employment opportunities.

scholarly journals INCIDENCIA DE LA POLÍTICA FISCAL VENEZOLANA SOBRE EL FENÓMENO INFLACIONARIO DURANTE 1997-2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Urdaneta
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Final Consumption ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la incidencia de la política fiscal venezolana sobre el fenómeno inflacionario durante el periodo 1997-2013, y surge de la necesidad de evaluar los instrumentos de política económica considerando ante un posible escenario de dolarización de la economía y el impacto que las variables de política fiscal pudiesen tener en el comportamiento del nivel de precios, según los planteamientos de Mochón (2008) y Guerra (2013) entre otros. La metodología es de tipo analítica y retrospectiva; en el diseño bibliográfico se utilizaron datos secundarios, tales como los informes económicos del Banco Central de Venezuela (BCV), atendiendo con especial detalle series de tiempo y suavización exponencial de las variables estudiadas en periodos trimestrales. De esta manera se concluye una baja y mediana correlación entre las variables sujetas a estudio, que da como resultado una correlación de 0,25 entre la tasa de inflación y el gasto de consumo final del Gobierno y de 0,61 entre los impuestos netos sobre sus propios productos del Gobierno y su gasto de consumo final; se termina obteniendo una nula correlación de 0,002 entre los impuestos netos sobre los productos del Gobierno y la tasa de inflación.AbstractThis research aims to analyze the impact of Venezuela's fiscal policy on the inflation phenomena during the period 1997-2013; the study arises from the need to evaluate policy instruments to be considered before a possible scenario of dollarization of the economy, and the impact that fiscal policy variables could have on the behavior of the price level. Such approach is supported in Mochon (2008) and War (2013) among others. The type of methodology is analytical and retrospective; on the bibliographic design side secondary data was used, such as the economic reports of the Central Bank of Venezuela (BCV), making a detailed study using time series and exponential smoothing of the variables under study data were used in Quarterly periods. A low and medium correlation between the variables subject to study was concluded, resulting in a correlation of 0.25 between the inflation rate and the final consumption expenditure of government and 0.61 between net taxes on products and government final consumption expenditure of government; to finally obtain a zero correlation of 0.002 between the net taxes on products of the government and the inflation rate.

scholarly journals The Effect of Government Expenditures on Economic Growth. the Case of Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Lorena Çakerri ◽  
Migena Petanaj ◽  
Oltiana Muharremi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
National Income ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Government Expenditures ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

One of the main issues of economic policy and government is to ensure a sustainable economic growth of a country.Economic growth has been at the center of every government in place since at least year 2000.Though for this teen-year ,growth values were satisfactory in Albania, the macroeconomic situation changed in 2009,when appeared the elements of the global crisis. Economic global crisis has awakened interest in the case of fiscal policy.Fiscal policy and monetary policy as well, are two basci components of state economic policy which are used for macroeconomic purposes:influence of gross domestic product, the level of enmployment, income and price level. The two main instruments of fiscal policy are government expenditures and taxes. Government expenditures are considered as the most powerful weapon available to fiscal policy makers, especially in developing countries such as Albania. During the last century , governments have spent more and more in relation to their national income. This increase in government spending can be explained by the impact that this variable can have on the economic growth of a country? In fact ,about the connection between the government spending and the economic growth of a country various studies seem full of contradictions.This conflict is explained by changes in terms of definitions and from the differencies of the various countries included in these studies. The objective of this study is to give an appropriate answer to the question : Can government spending have the potential to impact and stimulate economic growth? How the changes of the size of the fiscal policy instruments have affected indicators of economic growth in Albania? This article will focus on the role that the fiscal policy has on economic growth , especially in our country, reviewing economic growth theories, debates about the effectiveness of fiscal policy , and active fiscal policy. Finally some suggestions for the future addressing the government expenditures towards priority sectors.

scholarly journals Robin Hood versus Piggy Bank: Income redistribution in Portugal 2006-2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rodrigues ◽  
Isabel Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
Robin Hood ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Redistributive Effect

The redistributive effect of the Portuguese welfare state through pensions, benefits and income taxes is investigated in detail over the 2006- 2010 period using disposable income as benchmark. All social and fiscal policy instruments analysed contribute significantly to the reduction in inequality and poverty, with benefits other than pensions being the most cost-efficient. However, the impact of the economic crisis and austerity policies implemented from 2010 has reversed the previous trends and affected negatively the efficacy and efficiency of all instruments.

INFLUENCE OF TAXES ON INFLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
ALTELFAH RASHA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Balanced Growth ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses the impact of tax policy of the Russian Federation on inflation. Growth in inflation negatively affects the Russian budget, consumer demand and corporate activity. In turn, this negatively affects the amount of tax revenues and their collection. Since fiscal policy as a whole functions as a regulator of government spending and taxes, using its methods it is possible to purposefully regulate inflationary pro-cesses. Correct use of fiscal policy instruments leads to a stable, balanced growth of the economy and living standards of the population.

scholarly journals The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Income Inequality: A Case Study of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-84
Author(s):  
Suhrab Khan ◽  
Ihtsham ul Haq Padda
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Indirect Taxes ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of various fiscal policy instruments on the income inequality of Pakistan using an Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model on annual data. We find that direct taxes reduce income inequality, measured using the Gini index, while indirect taxes increase disparities. As the major portion of tax revenues are indirect taxes, the current tax regime of Pakistan does not achieve income redistribution. Similarly, development expenditures have significantly reduced income inequality, likely through the creation of employment opportunities. On the other hand, the overall fiscal deficit increases income inequality, due to a rising public debt financed by (regressive) indirect taxes. This study suggests that in the case of Pakistan, where direct taxes are low, a large shadow economy exists, and weak tax administration prevails, an increase in development expenditures and broadening of the tax base of direct taxes should be the main fiscal policy tools for income redistribution. Moreover, persistent high fiscal deficits in the long run should be avoided. Finally, governments should reduce educational inequalities and promote democratic values in the country in order to promote greater fairness in distribution of income.

scholarly journals Transforming public finance under the impact of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Tetiana Bogdan ◽  
Vitalii Lomakovych
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Fiscal Impulse ◽  
Social Safety Nets ◽  
The Impact

Devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic throughout the world enhance the societal requests for effective healthcare and social protection systems, modern education, and high-quality infrastructure. In Ukraine, education, healthcare, and social services have been chronically deteriorating, and the corona-crisis has further exacerbated their state and increased poverty in the country. The aim of this study is to reveal the main weaknesses of fiscal policy in Ukraine and to outline the prospects of public finance transformations under the impact of the COVID-19. To achieve this aim, the indicators of fiscal policy response to the pandemic in Ukraine are calculated and a comparative analysis of Ukraine’s public finance structure with the international patterns is undertaken. A moderate fiscal impulse and insufficient fiscal rescue package in Ukraine are shown. Moreover, the inconsistencies of anti-crisis fiscal policy instruments with the international best practice are revealed. Summarizing the available theoretical sources and recent applied research allows identifying the prospects of public finances transformations under the impact of the COVID-19 in a global context. Along with the obtained results of Ukraine’s fiscal sector analysis, these form the basis for shaping the fiscal policy response in Ukraine over the medium term. Proposals for public financing of Ukraine’s health care and educational sectors, of the social safety nets and infrastructures under the impact of the pandemic are developed. Offsetting measures from the expenditure and revenue sides of the budget are drawn up for closing the arising fiscal gaps.

Impact of regulatory framework rigidity on poverty in the regions of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
P. N. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Federal Regulations ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Poverty Dynamics ◽  
Regulatory Burden ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The paper analyzes the impact of the federal regulatory burden on poverty dynamics in Russia. The paper provides regional level indices of the federal regulatory burden on the economy in 2008—2018 which take into account sectoral structure of regions’ output and the level of regulatory rigidity of federal regulations governing certain types of economic activity. Estimates of empirical specifications of poverty theoretical model with the inclusion of macroeconomic and institutional factors shows that limiting the scope of the rulemaking activity of government bodies and weakening of new regulations rigidity contributes to a statistically significant reduction in the level of poverty in Russian regions. Cancellation of 10% of accumulated federal level requirements through the “regulatory guillotine” administrative reform may take out of poverty about 1.1—1.4 million people.

DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN FISKAL TERHADAP KINERJA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI SULAWESI TENGGARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
La Ode Jabuddin ◽  
Ayub M Padangaran ◽  
Azhar Bafadal Bafadal
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Historical Simulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Direct Expenditure

This study aims to: (1) Knowing the dynamics of fiscal policy and the performance of the agricultural sector, (2) Analyze the factors that influence fiscal policy and the performance                   of the agricultural sector, and (3) Analyzing the impact of fiscal policy on the performance of the agricultural sector. The data used in this study were pooled 2005-2013 data in the aggregate. Econometric model the impact of fiscal policy on the performance of the agricultural sector is built in the form of simultaneous equations, consisting of 7 equations with 25 total variables in the model, 7 endogenous variables, 12 exogenous variables, and 6 variables lag. The model is estimated by 2SLS method SYSLIN procedures and historical simulation with SIMNLIN procedure.The results showed that: (1) The development of fiscal policy in Southeast Sulawesi from year to year tends to increase, (2) The performance of the agricultural sector from the aspect of GDP has decreased, from the aspect of labor is still consistent, in terms of investment to grow positively, and assign roles which means to decrease the number of poor people, (3) factors affecting fiscal policy is local revenues, equalization funds, other revenues, as well as the lag fiscal policy, (4) the factors that affect the performance of the agricultural sector from the aspect GDP is labor, direct expenditure and GDP lag; from the aspect of labor is the total labor force, investment, land area, direct expenditure, as well as the lag of labor; from the aspect of investment is influenced by GDP per capita, land area, interest rates and investment lag; as well as from the aspect of poor people, are affected by population, investments, direct expenditure and poverty lag, (5). Fiscal policy impact on the agricultural sector GDP increase, a decrease in the number of poor, declining agricultural laborers, and a decrease in the amount of investment in the agricultural sector.Keywords: Fiscal policy, the performance of the agricultural sector, the simultaneous equations

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