MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN POLAND VS. EUROPEAN UNION IN THE YEARS 2005-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (3) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Joanna Baran
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Member State ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
The Eu

This article focuses on issues of municipal waste management in Poland after 2004. Poland, as a Member State of the EU is following its commitments and is approaching the EU standards of municipal solid wastes management. The studies presented the the levels of generated and collected municipal waste, also levels of storage and recycling. Municipal waste management in Poland was compared with the situation in EU countries. It was found that Poland produces about 200 kg per person less municipal services than the EU average, and on the other hand, approximately 50% of municipal waste is transferred to landfills. The performance is not satisfactory in regards to EU commitments and the implementation of a real “closing loops” approach.

scholarly journals DISPARITIES IN MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT ACROSS EU-27. A GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Constantin MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Member States ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Territorial Disparities ◽  
Spatial Temporal Analysis ◽  
The Eu

Inadequate waste management leads to many environmental issues and theadoption of an efficient and sustainable waste management has become apriority objective of the EU. However, besides the demographic factors, thevarious socio-economic and geographical conditions of this complex spacelead to major disparities in municipal waste management between North andSouth, East and West. This paper aims to do a spatial-temporal analysis ofthe Eurostat indicators using ascending hierarchical cluster analysis thatdivides the member states into five typological classes. The resulted mapshighlight territorial disparities among the Member States on municipalwaste management and also reveal the evolution of environmental policiesbetween 2003-2009 related to the EU acquis.

A Permanent Constitutional Assembly

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-214
Author(s):  
Markus Patberg
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Constituent Power ◽  
Institutional Solution ◽  
The Eu

This chapter presents an institutional proposal for how citizens could be enabled—in the dual role of European and national citizens—to exercise constituent power in the EU. To explain in abstract terms what an institutional solution would have to involve, it draws on the notion of a sluice system, according to which the particular value of representative bodies consists in their capacity to provide both transmission and filter functions for democratic processes. On this basis, the chapter critically discusses the proposal that the Conference of Parliamentary Committees for Union Affairs of Parliaments of the European Union (COSAC) should transform itself into an inter-parliamentary constitutional assembly. As this model allows constituted powers to continue to operate as the EU’s de facto constituent powers, it cannot be expected to deliver the functions of a sluice system. The chapter goes on to argue that a more convincing solution would be to turn the Convention of Article 48 of the Treaty on European Union into a permanent constitutional assembly composed of two chambers, one elected by EU citizens and the other by member state citizens. The chapter outlines the desirable features of such an assembly and defends the model against a number of possible objections.

scholarly journals The objectives and legal instruments of Municipal Waste Management in the Slovak Republic

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Martin Dufala
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Per Capita

In particular, two types of data are important for assessing the state of waste management in each Member State of the European Union — first, the amount of the waste generated per capita annually and waste recovery rate, second, the rate of waste disposal in accordance with the waste hierarchy. The latest available statistics on the amount of waste generated per capita are for 2018. While the European Union average is 492 kg of municipal waste produced per capita for 2018, the Slovak Republic’s waste production is slightly less than that, with an average of 414 kg of municipal waste produced per capita for 2018. On the other hand, Denmark with 766 kg of municipal waste produced per capita annually is at the bottom of the European Union ranking. The Czech Republic with 351 kg and Poland with 329 kg of municipal waste produced per capita on the average annually for the same period are in better position than Slovak Republic. Another important data for the evaluation of the state of municipal waste management is the rate of recovery of municipal waste, alternatively — the municipal waste recycling rate. Within this scope, the Slovak Republic performs considerably worse, both regarding the waste management objectives and in comparison with the European Union average, or in comparison with remaining Member States. While the average recycling rate of municipal waste in the European Union was 47.0% in 2018, the Slovak Republic recycled only 36.3% of municipal waste in 2018. The situation within this scope in the Czech Republic/Czechia (34.5%) and Poland (34.3%) were similar. Germany achieved the highest municipal waste recycling rate in 2018, up to 67.3%. Directly related to the rate of the municipal waste recovery is the high rate of waste disposal, especially in the form of landfill, which was in the Slovak Republic in 2018 amounted to 55.0%. Despite the high rate of landfill, we can speak of a reduction in the landfill rate of municipal waste compared to previous years. From the foregoing data of selected indicators of the average recycling rate of municipal waste, it can be deduced that the system of municipal waste management in the Slovak Republic is obviously flawed, in as much as municipal waste management lacks long-term management in accordance with the waste hierarchy. The said deficiency may result either from insufficient legislation pertaining to this area or failure in terms of its enforcement. 

scholarly journals Rates regulation of the sphere of solid municipal waste management

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Compensation Mechanism ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Solid Municipal Waste

In Russia, the problem of garbage is very acute, but only in recent years attempts have been made to solve it. One of the directions is the systematization of the industry and the transfer of responsibility for the removal, sorting and disposal of garbage to regional operators. The compensation mechanism for the costs of such companies involves the establishment of a tariff for municipal services for the treatment of MSW. Setting a tariff that would cover all the costs of regional operators and at the same time be accessible to the public is not an easy task, especially since it should also provide for investment costs for the development of the industry. One of the ways to reduce the tariff is digitalization. The experience of using modern digital solutions shows that they can not only improve the quality of services provided, but also reduce costs, which will have a positive impact on the amount of the tariff for municipal services for the treatment of MSW. The article deals with the problems of tariff regulation of the sphere of solid municipal waste management, for which the method of tariff formation is given, the factors that determine the amount of payment for utility services for solid municipal waste management, as well as the problems of the industry that affect the tariff. The problem of garbage is the most urgent, and the issue of competent financing, including through the establishment of a tariff, will help to overcome the main barriers to its solution.

scholarly journals Principles of municipal waste management in Poland and selected regions of Europe

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Kulczycka ◽  
Zygmunt Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
High Level ◽  
Regional Solutions ◽  
The Eu

Principles of municipal waste management in Poland and selected regions of Europe High level of production and consumption in member-countries of the European Union is connected with generating a considerable amount of waste. In individual EU member-countries various methods aiming at decreasing the amount of generated waste are implemented. The current situation in Poland, and the best practical solutions introduced in some European regions have been presented in the paper. These solutions were put in place, mainly to fulfill the EU or country's regulations. The priority of municipal waste management measures is to prevent and minimize its generation. Decisions on preventing waste generation should be made as early as at the stage of product designing and manufacturing. The basic principle of proper municipal waste management is to create a system of regional solutions, which includes all the elements of waste management and relates them to the local conditions.

scholarly journals Global trends in waste management and analysis of the situation in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Shilkina
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
The World ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Solid Municipal Waste

In the modern world, environmental issues are quite acute. Global environmental problems are also relevant for Russia today. It should be recognized that our country is one of the most polluted countries in the world, which negatively affects the quality of life and health of the population. The emergence of environmental problems is associated with the ever-growing man-made impact on the natural environment. Currently, about 55–60 million tons of solid municipal waste is generated in Russia every year, 90 % of which is sent to landfills and unauthorized landfills. The recycling rate in Russia is no more than 10 %, while in the European Union countries up to 100 % of household waste is processed. Europe has been implementing a targeted environmental policy for working with solid municipal waste for many years. Back in December 2005, the European Commission published a report on the development of a strategy for the prevention of waste generation and recycling. its goal is to reduce the negative impact on the environment associated with the disposal of household waste. Waste policies and targets established at the European Union level include minimum requirements for the management of certain types of waste. The subject of research in the article is the system of solid municipal waste management, waste management strategies. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of the waste management system in the world and in Russia, analyze the features and prospects, and develop recommendations based on foreign experience. Research methodology: comparative and comparative analyses. The article presents analytical data that characterize the current situation, analyzes the forecast values of solid municipal waste generation and disposal in different regions of the world. A detailed analysis of the situation in Russia is given, conclusions on the current situation with regard to waste are given, and recommendations are made. Based on the analysis of statistical data that characterize the state of the solid municipal waste management system in the world and in Russia, conclusions were made about the problems of its development. One of the main reasons is the lack of attention on the part of state bodies, as well as the lack of funding for the implementation of state programs and the inefficient use of allocated funds. The analysis of foreign experience in waste management allowed us to develop recommendations for the application of management strategies. This article is part of the author's research in the field of choosing optimal strategies for managing the development of a "Smart city", including strategies for managing the disposal of solid municipal waste of the housing and communal complex. the author has analyzed and collected interesting material on this topical issue, and plans to publish a monograph.

scholarly journals Democratic Backsliding in the European Union

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Sitter ◽  
Elisabeth Bakke
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Member State ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

Democratic backsliding in European Union (EU) member states is not only a policy challenge for the EU, but also a potential existential crisis. If the EU does too little to deal with member state regimes that go back on their commitments to democracy and the rule of law, this risks undermining the EU from within. On the other hand, if the EU takes drastic action, this might split the EU. This article explores the nature and dynamics of democratic backsliding in EU member states, and analyses the EU’s capacity, policy tools and political will to address the challenge. Empirically it draws on the cases that have promoted serious criticism from the Commission and the European Parliament: Hungary, Poland, and to a lesser extent, Romania. After reviewing the literature and defining backsliding as a gradual, deliberate, but open-ended process of de-democratization, the article analyzes the dynamics of backsliding and the EU’s difficulties in dealing with this challenge to liberal democracy and the rule of law. The Hungarian and Polish populist right’s “illiberal” projects involve centralization of power in the hands of the executive and the party, and limiting the independence of the judiciary, the media and civil society. This has brought both governments into direct confrontation with the European Commission. However, the EU’s track record in managing backsliding crises is at best mixed. This comes down to a combination of limited tools and lack of political will. Ordinary infringement procedures offer a limited toolbox, and the Commission has proven reluctant to use even these tools fully. At the same time, party groups in the European Parliament and many member state governments have been reluctant to criticize one of their own, let alone go down the path of suspending aspect of a states’ EU membership. Hence the EU’s dilemma: it is caught between undermining its own values and cohesion through inaction on one hand, and relegating one or more member states it to a second tier—or even pushing them out altogether—on the other.

scholarly journals Municipal Waste Management in Poland Compared to Other European Union Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Poniatowska ◽  
Monika Kisiel ◽  
Damian Panasiuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Current State ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Municipal Waste Management

The paper discusses the current state of municipal waste management in Poland compared to other European Union countries. It indicates the amounts of municipal waste generated over the last few years in Poland and other EU countries. The paper compares waste treatment methods in Poland and Europe, such as recycling, composting, thermal treatment and waste disposal. An analysis of municipal waste processing installations in Poland is presented. The trends in the municipal waste management system in recent years have also been described. In the field of municipal waste management in Poland, there have been significant changes. The amount of waste sent to landfills has decreased, and the amount of waste recovered and recycled has increased. These changes are positive and reflect the development of municipal waste management systems in other EU countries. The article indicates the problems and directions of changes in the field of municipal waste management in Poland in the coming years, especially in the context of the implementation of circular economy assumptions and the goals set by the European Union in terms of increase the level of waste recycling and reducing their disposal.

scholarly journals THE LEGAL SUPPORT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC PROCESSES OF MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-86
Author(s):  
D.T.D. Elrabay’a ◽  
◽  
V.M. Marchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
First Time

The article clarifies the substantial organizational and economic risks ahead, on the way for Ukraine to meet its committed targets to transform waste management system to become in full accordance with those implemented in the European Union. Both, European and Ukrainian legislation in this regard are analyzed, categorized, and compared to highlight the core differences and identify the gaps in the ones that are implemented in Ukraine. The environmental and economic results of waste management in Germany and Ukraine revealed, that Ukraine is not demonstrating satisfactory improvement during the last 7 years since the association agreement was signed. The article identifies 5 key recommendations, that would allow Ukraine to match up with European countries in municipal waste management (household waste management according to Ukrainian classification system), these recommendation are summarized as follows: centralized legislation approach, where all essential regulations are approved by the central government and unified for all regions; promptness, and operative attitude to take all necessary actions related to waste management; guaranteeing measurability and control over each waste management stage, that should lead to creating fully informative digital database; implementing “Peeling away method” to ensure that all potential secondary raw material and high calorific value waste is reused of converted into alternative energy resources; and finally, creating comprehensive and cohesive legislative package that works all together as integrated system. Centralized/local legislative distribution analysis, and structure of public information on waste in the official portal are provided for the first time in a scientific research, to the best knowledge of the authors. “The peeling away method”, described in this article, is used for the first time as well, to explain in simple way, the European strategy to minimize the amount of waste that is sent to landfill.

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