scholarly journals Allergic reactions to cow’s milk: pathomechanism, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, possibilities of food tolerance induction

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wąsik ◽  
Katarzyna Nazimek ◽  
Krzysztof Bryniarski
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
Cow's Milk

Cow’s milk is one of the most common causes of allergic reactions in children. Present review summarizes the current knowledge on the pathogenesis, diagnostics and possible therapeutic strategies in this type of allergic immune response. Hypersensitivity reaction to milk components can be mediated by humoral or cell mediated response. There are also mixed types of reactions, in which both, cells and IgE antibodies are involved. The pathomechanism of delayed-type hypersensitivity to cow’s milk is still not clear, but possibly it involves Th1 lymphocytes and macrophages. Clinical manifestations of allergy to cow’s milk may be different, depending on the underlying mechanism. Routine diagnostic methods are based on specific IgE-antibodies detection in patients serum, but, if food allergy is suspected, it’s necessary to also conduct other tests for eventual exclusion of non-IgE-mediated allergy. Immediate and accurate diagnosis allows to avoid serious gastro-intestinal complications, which may lead to children developmental disabilities and also weakening of the intestinal epithelium. Other potential food allergens may penetrate through impaired intestinal barrier to bloodstream, where they can induce allergic reaction. Recommended therapeutic strategy consists of elimination of offending food from child diet. Currently, it’s possible to identify the specific protein responsible for hypersensitivity reaction. It could be especially important if one of them is bovine serum albumin, because it may be necessary to also exclude beef from diet. Safety and effectiveness of alternative immunotherapies are still being investigated. The majority of children acquire tolerance to cow’s milk by the age of 5.

Alergia à Proteína do Leite de Vaca Persistente em Adulto: Relato de Caso / Persistent Cow’s Milk Allergy in Adult: Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
José Henrique Pereira Pinto ◽  
Renan Lemos de Toledo ◽  
William do Prado Franquelo
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Keywords Allergy ◽  
Ige Mediated

RESUMOIntrodução: Alergia à Proteína do Leite de Vaca (APLV) é uma doença inflamatória secundária à reação imunológica contra uma ou mais proteínas do leite de vaca (LV) que afeta principalmente a faixa pediátrica. A real prevalência é discutida em muitos estudos. As manifestações clínicas dependem do tipo da resposta imunológica, ser IgE mediada ou não. Os sintomas se iniciam por volta dos 06 meses de vida e na maioria dos casos, esse processo alérgico regride, com o paciente desenvolvendo tolerância até a adolescência. Casuística: Relata-se um caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, apresentando desde os 6 meses de idade de anafilaxia e broncoespasmo. Nesta época foi levado em hospitais e ambulatórios sendo diagnosticado e tratado como asma apenas, porém sem sucesso. Aos 18 anos, em consulta com especialista foi diagnosticado com APLV, apesar da dieta de exclusão, apresentou diversas reações anafiláticas, devido a ingestão acidental do alérgeno. Discussão: O paciente iniciou os primeiros sintomas quando houve contato com LV e apresentou teste laboratorial com valores compatíveis a patologia. Segundo a literatura a prevalência de APLV cai para menos de 1% aos 6 anos de vida e está persistência pode estar associada a múltiplos fatores, no caso relatado, o paciente não apresentou tolerância até o presente momento. Conclusão: APLV é uma doença usualmente de criança em que, se estas não adquirirem tolerância, complicações podem perdurar indefinidamente. O Diagnóstico precoce e o manejo adequado desta condição, revela grande importância na qualidade de vida e na prevenção de anafilaxia.Palavras chave: Alergia, Proteína do leite de vaca, Anafilaxia. ABSTRACT Introduction: Allergy to cow's milk (CMPA) is an inflammatory disease Introduction: Allergy to cow's milk (CMPA) is an inflammatory disease secondary to immune response against one or more cow's milk proteins (LV) which primarily affects pediatric patients. The current prevalence is discussed in many studies. The clinical manifestations depend on the type of immune response, being IgE mediated or not. Symptoms start at about 06 months of life and in most cases, the allergic process subsides, and the patient develops tolerance through adolescence. Case Report: We report the case of a male patient, who was presenting, since his 06 months of age, anaphylaxis and bronchospasm. At that time he was taken into hospitals and clinics being diagnosed and treated as asthma, but without success. At 18, in consultation with expert was diagnosed with CMPA, and despite the exclusion diet, presented several anaphylactic reactions due to accidental ingestion of the allergen. Discussion: The patient began the first symptoms when there was contact with LV and presented laboratory test values compatible with the pathology. According to the literature the prevalence of CMPA drops to less than 1% to 6 years of life and this persistence can be associated with multiple factors, in our case, the patient did not develop tolerance to date. Conclusion: CMPA is usually a child disease but ,if they do not acquire tolerance, complications can last indefinitely. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of this condition, reveals a great deal on quality of life and prevention of anaphylaxis. Keywords: Allergy, Cow’s milk protein, Anaphylaxis. 

ALLERGENIC ACTIVITY AND DANGER OF INDUSTRIAL DUSTS OF DRY PRODUCTS OF COW'S MILK PROCESSING

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Baranov S.A. ◽  
◽  
Shevlyakov V.V. ◽  
Sychyk S.I. ◽  
Filonyuk V.A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Proteins ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Allergenic Activity

The purpose of the work was to establish in a model experiment the allergenic activity and danger of the extracts obtained from the dust of dry products of cow's milk processing (DPMP), containing complexes of soluble whey (WMP) or casein milk proteins (CMP), as a stage of hygienic regulation of the content of dust DPMP in the air of the working area. Experiments on albino guinea pigs sensitized by the intradermal injection of standard doses of WMP and СМР solutions into the ear revealed the development of severe allergic reactions in the animals of the experimental groups with the prevalence of mixed mechanisms of immediate anaphylactic and delayed cell-mediated types. According to the criteria for the classification of industrial allergens, the WMP and СМР complexes have a strong allergenic activity and are differentiated to the 1-st class of allergenic hazard, which determines the classification of the DPMP dust containing them as extremely dangerous industrial allergens. This is confirmed by the established high levels of indicators of allergic-diagnostic reactions in vivo and in vitro when testing sensitized WMP and СМР animals with a solution of skim milk powder dust, indicating the presence of antigenic determinants of whey and casein milk proteins in it and a real ability to form cross-allergic reactions in the body of workers to dust from all dry milk processing products containing these proteins.

Maternal Avoidance of Eggs, Cow's Milk, and Fish During Lactation: Effect on Allergic Manifestations, Skin-Prick Tests, and Specific IgE Antibodies in Children at Age 4 Years

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-739
Author(s):  
Nele Sigurs ◽  
Gunnar Hattevig ◽  
Bengt Kjellman
Keyword(s):  
Specific Ige ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Specific Ige Antibodies ◽  
Skin Prick Tests ◽  
Allergic Manifestations

Two matched groups of children with a family history of atopy/allergy were observed from birth. In one group (n = 65) the mothers had a diet free from eggs, cow's milk, and fish during the first 3 months of lactation, whereas the mothers in the other group (n = 50) had a normal diet. Atopic/allergic manifestations, skin-prick tests, and specific IgE antibodies to egg white and cow's milk during the first 18 months of life have been reported previously. At 4 years of age the children underwent a clinical examination, skin-prick tests, and determination of specific IgE antibodies in serum against certain food and inhalant allergens. Both the cumulative incidence and the current prevalence of atopic dermatitis were significantly lower in the group of children whose mothers had adhered to a hypoallergenic diet during lactation, whereas all other atopic manifestations were similar. The number of children with positive skin-prick tests and specific IgE antibodies did not differ significantly, but the number of positive skin-prick tests and specific IgE antibody reactions in serum was significantly lower in the children of mothers adhering to the diet, indicating a milder degree of sensitization in these children.

scholarly journals Individual Sensitization Pattern Recognition to Cow’s Milk and Human Milk Differs for Various Clinical Manifestations of Milk Allergy

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Schocker ◽  
Skadi Kull ◽  
Christian Schwager ◽  
Jochen Behrends ◽  
Uta Jappe
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Basophil Activation Test ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Single Allergens

Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) belongs to one of the most common food allergies in early childhood affecting 2–3% of children under 3 years of age. However, approximately 1% of adults remain allergic to cow’s milk, often showing severe reactions even to traces of milk. In our study, we recruited patients with different clinical manifestations of CMA, including patients with anaphylaxis and less severe symptoms. We assessed the sensitization patterns and allergic responses of these subgroups through different immunological and cell-based methods. Sera of patients were investigated for IgE against whole cow’s milk and its single allergens by CAP- FEIA. In a newly developed in-house multiplex dot assay and a basophil activation test (BAT), cow’s milk allergens, in addition to human breast milk and single allergens from cow’s and human milk were analyzed for IgE recognition and severity of CMA in the included patients. Both the CAP-FEIA routine diagnostic and the multiplex dot test could differentiate CMA with severe from milder allergic reactions by means of the patients’ casein sensitization. The BAT, which mirrors the clinical response in vitro, confirmed that basophils from patients with severe reactions were more reactive to caseins in contrast to the basophils from more moderate CMA patients. By means of this improved component-resolved diagnosis of CMA, individual sensitization patterns could be assessed, also taking sensitization against human milk into consideration.

scholarly journals IgE antibodies and response to cow's milk elimination diet in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-628.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Erwin ◽  
Patrice G. Kruszewski ◽  
John M. Russo ◽  
Alexander J. Schuyler ◽  
Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills
Keyword(s):  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Elimination Diet ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
Cow's Milk

scholarly journals FOOD ANAPHYLAXIS IN CHILDREN: RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 53 CASES

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
N V Esakova ◽  
A N Pampura
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Food Anaphylaxis

Introduction. There are no studies on anaphylaxis in children in Russian Federation therefore this problem is a topical issue. Background. To determine the etiology, natural course of food anaphylaxis in Russian Federation children, to analyse the therapeutic care of anaphylaxis. Methods. 53 patients with food anaphylaxis were included in the study. All patients completed a questionnaire included questions about the triggers, clinical manifestations and treatment of anaphylaxis. Results. In 94% episodes of anaphylactic reactions occurred at home, 2/3 (66%) of patients had two or more episodes of food anaphylaxis before, 5 (8%) infants didn’t have allergic diseases, 23 patients (43%) had anaphylactic reactions to more than one product. Cow’s milk (43%) was the most common cause of anaphylaxis. Cow’s milk caused anaphylaxis in 67% of children under 2 years (p

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