APEKS - a method of making decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Jan Szybka ◽  
Sylwester Pabian
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Utility Values ◽  
Decision Method ◽  
Individual Comparison ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aesthetic Values ◽  
Selection Of

The APEKS method was developed in the 1970s. It has a wide range of applications for making a decision. The article describes the APEKS method, which is a multi-criteria method and consists of 10 steps. The application of this method was presented in the example of car selection. The problem of choosing a passenger car was analyzed taking into account 6 evaluation criteria: fuel consumption, power, price, annual operating costs, aesthetic values, and utility values. Following the APEKS method, the analysis was completed with the selection of the best variant, using the forced decision method, consisting of an individual comparison of all criteria with one another. The APEKS variant is used for this, which has all the best features of the variants to choose from. This indicates that APEKS is an idealized and fictional variant.

scholarly journals Multicriteria comparative analysis of pillars strengthening of the historic building

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kafel ◽  
Agnieszka Leśniak ◽  
Krzysztof Zima
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Historic Building ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractOver time, historic buildings are exposed to various destructive mechanisms brought about by a wide range of damaging factors. Costs and methods of reinforcing their individual components are, among others, an important issue. The term "reinforcement" is linked with the concept of conservation, which stands for the actions taken with the aim of preserving a building. It provides a well-articulated system consisting of activities that lead to the reinforcement of the structure, usability enhancement or to the improvement of its carrying capacity. This article analyses the selection of an appropriate brick pillar reinforcement method, taking into account accepted evaluation criteria.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF CONTRACTORS BY USING COPRAS - THE MULTIPLE CRITERIA METHOD

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Algirdas Andruškevičius
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Multicriteria Decision ◽  
Decision Method ◽  
Selection Of

Some methods allowing for the selection of the most suitable contractor based on 26 criteria are offered. The bidding procedures of FIDIC, the international organization of consulting engineers are assessed. Contractors are evaluated by a multicriteria decision method COPRAS. The significance of the contractor evaluation criteria is determined by ranking. A description of the criteria and their rankings according to 100‐point scale are provided. A case study of selecting the contractor for the construction of a trade and entertainment centre out often bidders is also described.

Helicopter Mission Analysis for a Regenerated Turboshaft

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Fakhre ◽  
Vassilios Pachidis ◽  
Ioannis Goulos ◽  
Mahmood Tashfeen ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Mission Analysis ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Fuel Burn ◽  
Wide Range

The aim of the study presented in this paper, is to compare helicopters employing simple cycle turboshaft engines, with helicopters employing novel regenerated turboshafts. Two existing helicopter configurations, a Twin Engine Light and a Twin Engine Medium are compared against regenerated configurations. The reference installed engines of both helicopters are notionally optimized by incorporating a heat exchanger, which enables heat transfer between the exhaust gas and the compressor delivery air to the combustion chamber. This process leads to a lower fuel input requirement as well as higher overall thermal efficiency compared to the reference simple cycle engine. The benefits arising from the adoption of the heat exchanger for both configurations are firstly presented by conducting part-load performance analysis for each optimized engine against its reference simple cycle engine. The obtained results suggest substantial reduction in specific fuel consumption for a major part of the operating power range with respect to both helicopter configurations. The results also demonstrate that the heat exchanger effectiveness is a critical parameter in achieving further reductions in specific fuel consumption. The study is further extended to investigate mission fuel burn saving limits for both helicopter configurations under the simulated part-load performance conditions by conducting a heat exchanger tradeoff study. The weight estimation correlation for the heat exchanger is adopted from the previously reported studies of similar fashion and is simulated accordingly for both helicopter configurations. A multi-disciplinary simulation tool with an integrated range of capabilities applicable to helicopter performance evaluation and mission analysis is adopted to simulate various types of missions, targeting wide range of helicopter operations. The results of the mission analysis suggest that the regenerated counterpart configurations are capable of achieving significant reductions in mission fuel burn. However, the level of gain from mission fuel burn savings is dependent on the selected helicopter mission profile, the recuperator design effectiveness as well as the overall evaluation criteria. The results also conclude that while the amount of benefit is dependent on various parameters, there is always an optimum “saving” region for each mission that justifies the need for regeneration.

scholarly journals Formative assessment of achievements in mathematics and selection of tasks

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-150
Author(s):  
Rada Šćepanović ◽  
Jasmina Milinković
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Knowledge ◽  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Mathematical Tasks ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Evaluation Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

The evaluation of mathematical knowledge is based on multiple sources of information. In modern teaching practice, a special place has a formative evaluation of mathematical achievements of students as an integral part of teaching that supports learning and provides useful information to teachers and students. The paper is dedicated to the analysis of innovative evaluation techniques in mathematics teaching that reflect the changed paradigm of mathematics education. The aim of this paper is to explore the features and implications of authentic evaluation techniques and, accordingly, to make the choice of tasks as evaluation instruments. Using the method of theoretical analysis of research results of authentic methods for assessing mathematical knowledge, skills and attitudes, we determine the criteria for selecting tasks for evaluating students' mathematical achievements (focus on in-depth and extended application of existing knowledge in different contexts, multiple solutions, research possibilities). The discourse is then directed towards considering the originality of the task evaluation criteria. In the final considerations, we point out that the selection of mathematical tasks creates an opportunity to apply a wide range of authentic techniques in evaluating students 'mathematical achievements, and broader and deeper plans the further course of teaching in students' cognitive and motivational development. We point out that by choosing mathematical tasks, it creates an opportunity to apply a wide range of authentic techniques in evaluating students' mathematical achievements, and broader and deeper plans the further course of teaching in the cognitive and motivational development of students.

scholarly journals PREMIUM YACHT PROPULSION FOR EXCLUSIVE PERFORMANCE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Witschel
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Propulsive Efficiency ◽  
Course Stability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Reduced Emissions

SCHOTTEL offers a wide range of main and auxiliary propulsion systems for yachts. This paper will present characteristics of different propulsion solutions: The 5-bladed controllable pitch propeller for highest propulsive efficiency for changing speed or load or the EcoPeller with best values in overall efficiency and course stability. It provides unprecedented performance and ensures that its owners benefit from low fuel consumption and thus reduced emissions and operating costs. Thanks to an installation flush with the hull, the pump jet is ideal for operation in extremely shallow waters. It can be used as manoeuvring aid, additional booster or take-home device. Low-vibration and low-noise rim thruster enables more comfort on board.

scholarly journals Geodiversity and Biodiversity of the Postglacial Landscape (Dębnica River Catchment, Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Najwer ◽  
Janina Borysiak ◽  
Joanna Gudowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Mazurek ◽  
Zbigniew Zwoliński
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analytical Algorithm ◽  
Landscape Ecological ◽  
Factor Maps ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The preparation of a proper zoning plan or landscape-ecological plan requires taking into account recognition of the natural values of an area covered by the plan and evaluating its abiotic and biotic diversities. The aim of the paper is to present the new approach to the procedure of geodiversity and biodiversity assessment. This procedure is used to characterise abiotic and biotic heterogeneity of the postglacial landscape modified by a man, tested on Dębnica River catchment (Western Pomerania, Poland). This catchment is a representative example illustrating the landscape of Central European Plain. The analytical algorithm of the geodiversity assessment is based on appropriate selection of the evaluation criteria: lithological, relative heights, landform fragmentation, hydrographical elements and mesoclimatic conditions. Biodiversity was assessed on the basis of real vegetation, potential natural vegetation and the degree of anthropisation of the natural vegetation with respect to syngenesis of plant associations. Seven factor maps were obtained: five for the diversity of abiotic elements, and two for the diversity of biotic elements, which became the basis for the creation of total geodiversity and biodiversity maps. Maps produced in accordance with given methodology may find a wide range of applications.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

Synthesis, Characterization and Antiproliferative Activity Assessment of a Novel 1H-5-mercapto-1,2,4 Triazole Derivative

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Mioc ◽  
Sorin Avram ◽  
Vasile Bercean ◽  
Mihaela Balan Porcarasu ◽  
Codruta Soica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Triazole Derivative ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Selection Of

Angiogenesis plays an important function in tumor proliferation, one of the main angiogenic promoters being the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which activates specific receptors, particularly VEGFR-2. Thus, VEGFR-2 has become an essential therapeutic target in the development of new antitumor drugs. 1,2,4-triazoles show a wide range of biological activities, including antitumor effect, which was documented by numerous reports. In the current study the selection of 5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole structure (1H-3-styryl-5-benzylidenehydrazino-carbonyl-methylsulfanil-1,2,4-triazole, Tz3a.7) was conducted based on molecular docking that emphasized it as suitable ligand for VEGFR-2 and EGFR1 receptors. Compound Tz3a.7 was synthesized and physicochemically and biologically evaluated thus revealing a moderate antiproliferative activity against breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.

Effect of Contact Ratio on Spur Gear Dynamic Load With No Tooth Profile Modifications

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuen-Huei Liou ◽  
Hsiang Hsi Lin ◽  
F. B. Oswald ◽  
D. P. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Gear Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gear Contact ◽  
Center Distance ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

This paper presents a computer simulation showing how the gear contact ratio affects the dynamic load on a spur gear transmission. The contact ratio can be affected by the tooth addendum, the pressure angle, the tooth size (diametral pitch), and the center distance. The analysis presented in this paper was performed by using the NASA gear dynamics code DANST. In the analysis, the contact ratio was varied over the range 1.20 to 2.40 by changing the length of the tooth addendum. In order to simplify the analysis, other parameters related to contact ratio were held constant. The contact ratio was found to have a significant influence on gear dynamics. Over a wide range of operating speeds, a contact ratio close to 2.0 minimized dynamic load. For low-contact-ratio gears (contact ratio less than two), increasing the contact ratio reduced gear dynamic load. For high-contact-ratio gears (contact ratio equal to or greater than 2.0), the selection of contact ratio should take into consideration the intended operating speeds. In general, high-contact-ratio gears minimized dynamic load better than low-contact-ratio gears.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document