Neo-R1000: A Fast And Efficient Compact Spectrograph For Emission Line Objects Study At Bosscha Observatory

In 2015, the Institute Teknologi Bandung (ITB) signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Sangyou Kyoto University (KSU). One realization of collaboration between ITB and KSU is observational program of Novae using a compact spectrograph NEO-R1000 (Novae and Emission line Objects with Resolution of 1000). This spectrograph is mounted at the Celestron C-11 (F/10.0) reflector and supported by a Losmandy G-11 equatorial mounting inside the GAO-ITB sliding roof building, Bosscha observatory, Lembang. The unique configuration of this spectrograph is the employment of mirror collimator and camera lens with focal length ratio of 3:1. This makes it has high speed characteristics. A slit width of 6.5 μm (4.7” @ C-11 reflector ) is combined with a fixed transmission grating of 600 grooves/mm and equipped with a ST-8 XME CCD camera (9 μm per pixel, 1530 × 1024 pixels), resulting in a resolution of R≈ 1000 at a wavelength of 5800 Å with effective spectrum wavelength coverage Δl 4000-8000 Å. NEO-R1000 spectrograph has additional peripherals such as a Fe-Ne-Ar hollow cathode tube (HTC) which is used as a comparison source. We take flat-field spectrum by using an acrylic board and a halogen lamp. The main primary aim of this spectrograph is to observe the Classical Novae in the southern sky as part of Collaborative Spectroscopic Observations for the Detection of Molecules in Classical Novae. This spectrograph can also be used to observe other emission line objects such as Planetary Nebulae, Comets, P Cygni star type, WR stars and Be stars. In June 2015, this spectrograph was successfully used to observe Nova Sgr 2015 no 2. Further developments of this spectrograph includes constructing a rotator to be attached to the flange of telescope to ensure high flexibility in observation of extended objects. In the future, a fiber optic connecting output pupil with the entrance slit of the spectrograph will be deployed to improve observational effectivity while reducing the load of spectrograph on telescope.

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Variability of Some Be Stars on High-Resolution, High S/N Spectra

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900034902 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 132 ◽

pp. 131-134

Author(s):

A. M. Hubert ◽

H. Hubert ◽

B. Dagostinoz ◽

M. Floquet

Keyword(s):

Emission Line ◽

Time Scale ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Brightness Distribution ◽

Short Time Scale ◽

Be Stars ◽

Rapid Variability ◽

Hα Emission

Rapid variability in Be stars could be understood by non radial pulsations or by rotation of an inhomogeous surface brightness distribution…The structure and the variability of the Hα and of the HeI λ6678 lines have been investigated with an optical fiber spectrograph and a CCD camera. The signal to noise ratio, measured in the continuum, is between 300 and 500.Weak changes in the Hα emission line profile of γ Cas have been detected on time-scale of hours and days. This line has an asymmetric profile exhibiting only one blue-shifted maximum while the HeI λ6678 has a double-peak emission, superimposed to the photospheric contribution, with a violet to red peak ratio V/R >1.The Hα emission line of φ Per exhibits a complex structure with significant changes in its core, from night to night and on a short time scale <lhr. The HeI λ6678 presents a blue-shifted asymmetric emission (red-winged) superimposed to the photospheric contribution.Furthermore the Hel photospheric line λ6678 of the B6 star o And has presented notable variations in its profile during the 2 observational campaigns, which do not seem correlated to the photometric period of 1.57 day.

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High-speed brightfield 3-D imaging and 3-D image analysis of thick and overlapped cell clusters in cytological preparations

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100168827 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 218-219

Author(s):

Robert W. Mackin

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

High Speed ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Image Data ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Objective Lens ◽

Array Processor ◽

Vaginal Smears ◽

Low Contrast ◽

Computer Controlled

This paper presents two advances towards the automated three-dimensional (3-D) analysis of thick and heavily-overlapped regions in cytological preparations such as cervical/vaginal smears. First, a high speed 3-D brightfield microscope has been developed, allowing the acquisition of image data at speeds approaching 30 optical slices per second. Second, algorithms have been developed to detect and segment nuclei in spite of the extremely high image variability and low contrast typical of such regions. The analysis of such regions is inherently a 3-D problem that cannot be solved reliably with conventional 2-D imaging and image analysis methods.High-Speed 3-D imaging of the specimen is accomplished by moving the specimen axially relative to the objective lens of a standard microscope (Zeiss) at a speed of 30 steps per second, where the stepsize is adjustable from 0.2 - 5μm. The specimen is mounted on a computer-controlled, piezoelectric microstage (Burleigh PZS-100, 68/μm displacement). At each step, an optical slice is acquired using a CCD camera (SONY XC-11/71 IP, Dalsa CA-D1-0256, and CA-D2-0512 have been used) connected to a 4-node array processor system based on the Intel i860 chip.

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Five-Dimensional Microscopy using Widefield-Deconvolution: Practical Considerations and Biological Applications

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100163800 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 268-269

Author(s):

W.F. Marshall ◽

K. Oegema ◽

J. Nunnari ◽

A.F. Straight ◽

D.A. Agard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confocal Microscopy ◽

High Speed ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Image Plane ◽

Time Lapse ◽

Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Excitation Light ◽

Cooled Ccd

The ability to image cells in three dimensions has brought about a revolution in biological microscopy, enabling many questions to be asked which would be inaccessible without this capability. There are currently two major methods of three dimensional microscopy: laser-scanning confocal microscopy and widefield-deconvolution microscopy. The method of widefield-deconvolution uses a cooled CCD to acquire images from a standard widefield microscope, and then computationally removes out of focus blur. Using such a scheme, it is easy to acquire time-lapse 3D images of living cells without killing them, and to do so for multiple wavelengths (using computer-controlled filter wheels). Thus, it is now not only feasible, but routine, to perform five dimensional microscopy (three spatial dimensions, plus time, plus wavelength).Widefield-deconvolution has several advantages over confocal microscopy. The two main advantages are high speed of acquisition (because there is no scanning, a single optical section is acquired at a time by using a cooled CCD camera) and the use of low excitation light levels Excitation intensity can be much lower than in a confocal microscope for three reasons: 1) longer exposures can be taken since the entire 512x512 image plane is acquired in parallel, so that dwell time is not an issue, 2) the higher quantum efficiently of a CCD detect over those typically used in confocal microscopy (although this is expected to change due to advances in confocal detector technology), and 3) because no pinhole is used to reject light, a much larger fraction of the emitted light is collected. Thus we can typically acquire images with thousands of photons per pixel using a mercury lamp, instead of a laser, for illumination. The use of low excitation light is critical for living samples, and also reduces bleaching. The high speed of widefield microscopy is also essential for time-lapse 3D microscopy, since one must acquire images quickly enough to resolve interesting events.

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Single-electron sensitivity with a lens-coupled CCD camera

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100149040 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 642-643

Author(s):

G.Y. Fan ◽

Bruce Mrosko ◽

Mark H. Ellisman

Keyword(s):

Focal Length ◽

Thick Layer ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Single Electron ◽

Bottom Flange ◽

X Rays ◽

Red Phosphor ◽

Ccd Detector ◽

Lens Assembly ◽

Efficient Coupling

A lens coupled CCD camera showing single electron sensitivity has been built for TEM applications. The design is illustrated in Fig. 1. The bottom flange of a JEM-4000EX microscope is replaced by a special flange which carries a large rectangular leaded glass window, 22 mm thick. A 20 μm thick layer of red phosphor is coated on the window, and the entire window is sputter-coated with a thin layer of Au/Pt. A two-lens relay system is used to provide efficient coupling between the image on the phosphor scintillator and the CCD imager. An f1.0 lens (Goerz optical) with front focal length 71.6 mm is used as the collector. A mirror prism, of the Amici type, is used to "bend" the optical path by 90° to prevent X-rays which may penetrate the leaded glass from hitting the CCD detector. Images may be relayed directly to the camera (1:1) or demagnified by a factor of up to 3:1 by moving the lens assembly.

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Detection of accreting circumstellar gas around weak emission-line Herbig Ae/Be stars

Astrophysics and Space Science ◽

10.1007/bf00984514 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 212 (1-2) ◽

pp. 107-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. A. Grady ◽

M. R. P�rez ◽

P. S. Th�

Keyword(s):

Emission Line ◽

Be Stars ◽

Circumstellar Gas

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Towards A Multi-FPGA Infrared Simulator

The Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation Applications Methodology Technology ◽

10.1177/154851290700400404 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 343-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vinay Sriram ◽

David Kearney

Keyword(s):

Homeland Security ◽

Reconfigurable Computing ◽

High Speed ◽

High Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Computation Time ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Hardware Acceleration ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Scene Simulation

High speed infrared (IR) scene simulation is used extensively in defense and homeland security to test sensitivity of IR cameras and accuracy of IR threat detection and tracking algorithms used commonly in IR missile approach warning systems (MAWS). A typical MAWS requires an input scene rate of over 100 scenes/second. Infrared scene simulations typically take 32 minutes to simulate a single IR scene that accounts for effects of atmospheric turbulence, refraction, optical blurring and charge-coupled device (CCD) camera electronic noise on a Pentium 4 (2.8GHz) dual core processor [7]. Thus, in IR scene simulation, the processing power of modern computers is a limiting factor. In this paper we report our research to accelerate IR scene simulation using high performance reconfigurable computing. We constructed a multi Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) hardware acceleration platform and accelerated a key computationally intensive IR algorithm over the hardware acceleration platform. We were successful in reducing the computation time of IR scene simulation by over 36%. This research acts as a unique case study for accelerating large scale defense simulations using a high performance multi-FPGA reconfigurable computer.

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A Catalogue of Be Stars

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900037918 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 261-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. Jaschek ◽

D. Egret

Keyword(s):

Emission Line ◽

Data Center ◽

Be Stars ◽

Large Effort ◽

Set Up ◽

Available Information

We are presently undertaking, at the Stellar Data Center, a large effort to produce the Catalogue of Stellar Groups, which is a catalogue listing all the kinds of stars with spectral peculiarities existing up to now. The work is in progress and presently about fifty groups (Ap, Am, Be, WR, H and K emission line stars, etc.) are defined, gathering more than 25000 stars. The catalogue was started with the aim to set up lists defined by homogeneous criteria, because up to now the available information is scattered through the literature. We hope that the catalogue will be useful for formulating observing programs and for further detailed research on each of the groups.

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A Two-Dimensional Surface Profile Imaging Technique Based on Heterodyne Interferometer

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.295-296.477 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 295-296 ◽

pp. 477-482

Author(s):

K.W. Wang ◽

Z.J. Cai ◽

Li Jiang Zeng

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Imaging Technique ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Ccd Camera ◽

Measurement Range ◽

Interference Signal ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Step Method ◽

Heterodyne Interferometer ◽

Dimensional Surface

A two-dimensional surface profile imaging technique based on heterodyne interferometer is proposed. A piezo translator vibrated grating is used to generate a heterodyne signal. A high speed CCD camera is used to extract the interference signal using a five step method. The uncertainty in the displacement measurement is approximately 0.035 µm within a measurement range of 1.7 µm, confirming the two dimensional heterodyne interferometer is valid for measuring the surface profile. The method is also available for low coherence heterodyne interferometer due to the optical frequency shifts caused by the vibration of grating independent on the wavelength.

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Kinematic Tool-Path Smoothing for 6-Axis Industrial Machining Robots

International Journal of Automation Technology ◽

10.20965/ijat.2021.p0621 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 621-630

Author(s):

Shingo Tajima ◽

◽

Satoshi Iwamoto ◽

Hayato Yoshioka

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Tool Path ◽

Trajectory Generation ◽

Linear Interpolation ◽

Joint Space ◽

Industrial Robots ◽

Generation Algorithm ◽

High Flexibility ◽

Tool Motion ◽

Trajectory Generation Algorithm

The demands for machining by industrial robots have been increasing owing to their low installation cost and high flexibility. A novel trajectory generation algorithm for high-speed and high-accuracy machining by industrial robots is proposed in this paper. Linear interpolation in the workspace and smooth trajectory generation at the corners are important in industrial machining robots. Because industrial robots are composed of rotational joints, the joint space has a nonlinear relationship with the workspace. Therefore, linear interpolation in the joint space, which has been widely used in conventional machine tools, does not guarantee linear interpolation in the actual machining workspace. This results in the degradation of the machining surface. The proposed trajectory generation algorithm based on the decoupled approach can achieve linear interpolation in the workspace by separating the position commands into Cartesian coordinates and the orientation commands into spherical coordinates. In addition, a novel corner smoothing method that generates a smooth and continuous trajectory from discrete commands is proposed in this paper. The proposed kinematic local corner smoothing generates a smooth trajectory by using a 3-segmented constant jerk profile at the corners in the joint space. The sharp corners can thereby be replaced by smooth curves. The resulting cornering error is controlled by varying the cornering duration. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed kinematic smoothing algorithm in achieving linear tool motion in straight sections and in generating smooth trajectories at corner sections within the user-defined tolerance.

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