Some Inquiries into the Cultural Characteristics of Open Space in the City on Java, Indonesia

This paper uses a typological approach as a tool to establish an analytical framework from a physical perspective to understand ‘place‘ and to identify key spatial characteristics that could adapt to local needs to deliver socio-cultural sustainability. Six representative housing types with their spaces and uses that were introduced in a historic neighborhood in Beijing, China are selected as case studies. Their morphological characteristics at the building, open space and neighborhood scales are examined, and typological transformations among the cases in terms of the degree of spatial continuity are identified. The paper proposes an analytical framework consisting of fifteen indicators to assess socio-cultural sustainability at the different morphological scales (building, open space and block/neighborhood) of the residents of the six cases. The score of changes from its original design is brought into calculations of continuities of spatial characteristics, which present the transitions and transformations of morphological characteristics in relation to adaptation of local needs and uses. The analysis results show that the spatial characteristics were changed when political-socioeconomic ideologies changed, and local needs and uses were transformed to follow these mutations, and finally, the methods of use in different morphological scales mostly differed from historical norms. Although the continuities of spatial characteristics were significantly changed, they are positively and continually accommodating the transformations and transitions of local needs and uses. On the other hand, the invariant spatial characteristics are important, which last despite transformation of the city development and changing of political-social-economic ideologies, and could be maintained for future development to enhance sociocultural sustainability.

Download Full-text

A study on the Potentiality of crossing as a sociable open space in the city

Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan ◽

10.11361/journalcpij.42.3.97 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 42.3 (0) ◽

pp. 97-102

Author(s):

Tomoyasu Kinoshita ◽

Norihisa Nishinari ◽

Ushio Saito

Keyword(s):

Open Space ◽

The City

Download Full-text

A study on the Potentiality of crossing as a sociable open space in the city

Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan ◽

10.11361/cpij1.42.0.17.0 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 42 (0) ◽

pp. 17-17

Author(s):

Tomoyasu Kinoshita ◽

Norihisa Nishinari ◽

Ushio Saito

Keyword(s):

Open Space ◽

The City

Download Full-text

Neighbourhood open spaces for social cohesion

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017006019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 170 ◽

pp. 06019

Author(s):

Rukhsana Badar ◽

Sarika Bahadure

Keyword(s):

Social Relations ◽

Social Cohesion ◽

Open Space ◽

Social Activity ◽

Social Infrastructure ◽

Open Spaces ◽

Unitary Theory ◽

The Social ◽

Neighbourhood Level ◽

The City

The global cities of the world are witnessing a visible disconnection of everyday life. In India the Smart City guidelines acknowledge the need to counter the growing social detachment and intolerance by encouraging interactions. They go further in identifying that preserving and creating of open spaces must be a key feature of comprehensive urban development. Most social relations are cemented within open spaces at the neighbourhood level. Previous studies examine the association between the attributes of neighbourhood open spaces and social activity but neglect to view the issue comprehensively. The present study turns to Lefebvre’s Unitary Theory which states that open space is a result of three forces; 1) perceived space which is the physical dimension and material quality identifiable by the senses; 2) conceived space created by planners and other agents as plans and documents; and 3) lived space which is shaped by the values attached and images generated through user experience. For open space conducive to social interactions these three aspects must work in tandem. With this consideration a framework of criteria and indicators is developed and used to measure and compare the open spaces in select neighbourhoods in Europe and India. The investigation thus reveals differences in all three aspects of neighbourhood spaces. It also reveals a discrepancy between the planning standards formulated and employed by the city authorities in providing the spaces and the actual needs of the community. The research aims to address this gap. The study of the Indian cases lays foundation for the use of the framework to measure open spaces in association with social cohesion and thereby contribute to the enhancement of the social infrastructure of the City.

Download Full-text

Analisis Kecukupan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Berdasarkan Rencana Detail Tata Ruang Kota Bireuen

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v3i3.8228 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 243-248

Author(s):

Danil Fahreza Pohan ◽

Muhammad Rusdi ◽

Sugianto Sugianto

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Open Space ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Environment And Health ◽

The People ◽

Survey Technique ◽

The Government ◽

The City ◽

Descriptive Method

Abstrak. Pesatnya pertumbuhan penduduk dan tingginya perkembangan pembangunan, menyebabkan banyaknya kawasan yang beralih fungsi menjadi kawasan yang bukan peruntukan yang sesuai yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah termasuk ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) yang berfungsi untuk menunjang kualitas hidup masyarakat di dalam suatu kota baik dari segi lingkungan maupun kesehatan. Pesatnya perkembangan suatu kota tentu banyak menarik minat masyarakat untuk pindah menuju kota tersebut, semakin meningkatnya jumlah penduduk tentu juga meningkatkan kebutuhan akan oksigen. Untuk itu Kota Bireuen dituntut mampu menyediakan RTH untuk mengimbangi kebutuhan oksigen masyarakat kota itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung ketersediaan RTH yang direncanakan di dalam RDTR Kota Bireuen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada lah metode deskriptif dengan teknik survai. Sedangkan analisis kecukupan RTH menggunakan rumus berdasarkan luas daerah dibagi dengan RTH yang tersedia. Hasil perhitungan analisis RTH di dapat bahwasannya RTH Kota Bireuen sebesar 46,96%.Kata Kunci: Bireuen, RTH, RDTR Abstrack. The rapid growth of population and the high development of the developmental, causing the number of areas that switch functions to areas that are not appropriate designation established by the government including green open space (GOS) that serves to support the quality of life of people in a city both in terms of environment and health . The rapid development of a city would attract many people to move to the city, the increasing number of people of course also increases the need for oxygen. For that Bireuen City is required to provide GOS to compensate for the oxygen needs of the people of the city itself. This study aims to calculate the planned GOS availability in the DSP of Bireuen City. The method used in this research is descriptive method with survey technique. While the analysis of GOS adequacy using the formula based on the area divided by the available GOS. The calculation result of GOS analysis can be that the GOS of Bireuen City is 46.96%.Keyword: Bireuen, GOS, DSP

Download Full-text

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Model in Improving the Quality of Green Open Space (GOS) to Create a Livable City

10.5772/intechopen.94481 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wikantiyoso Respati ◽

Suhartono Tonny ◽

Sulaksono Aditya Galih ◽

Wikananda Triska Prakasa

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Open Space ◽

City Government ◽

Sustainable Urban Development ◽

City Community ◽

Urban Economic ◽

Governance Model ◽

Corporate Social ◽

The City

Sustainable urban development leads to the creation of livable cities. The Green Open Space (GOS) of City requires the quality of life requirements to support the ecological, socio-cultural, and urban economic functions. In Indonesia, the provision of GOS is the city government’s responsibility, which has to carried out transparently and implemented with the involvement of stakeholders. The limited funding for the provision and improvement of the quality of GOS by the city government has developed a CSR scheme from the private sector. This CSR governance model enriches the use of CSR in addition to social assistance or charity activities, which can realize for the wider city community. The city government’s role in using CSR models is significant to ensure transparency of costs, accountable design policies, and their implementation and maintenance.

Download Full-text

Retrofitting Obsolete Railroad Infrastructure

10.32920/ryerson.14655351.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Corina Ardeleanu

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Open Space ◽

Natural Areas ◽

Urban Fabric ◽

Urban Network ◽

Ecological Awareness ◽

The Public ◽

Thesis Statement ◽

Post Industrial ◽

The City

Thesis Statement This thesis will explore the development and design opportunities related to the retrofitting of abandoned railroad corridors in post industrial cities. These lines of infrastructure will be viewed as the lifelines of the city whereby, the ramifications of main transportation arteries will impact the urban network through connectivity and the creation of public open space. This thesis will look at obsolete public railroad infrastructure, as an important fragment of the collective memory of a post-industrial city that can be reactivated to connect back into the transportation urban network. These structures will be identified as landmarks that must be preserved and incorporated into public space and amenity. The reestablishment of the railroad in this context will result in the connection of the contemporary to its past, creating more meaningful and resonant spaces. These transportation corridors will be addressed as part of expanding ecological and man-made systems, thus becoming lifelines of the city, expanding their arteries to feed life into the urban fabric. The natural areas affected by these railroads will be treated as the lungs of the city and made more accessible to the public in order to raise ecological awareness. The railroad thus creates permeability, linking urban and natural areas and reviving its former function of connectivity by re-stitching the urban fabric.

Download Full-text

PERGESERAN MAKNA FILOSOFIS ALUN-ALUN KOTA BANDUNG PADA ABAD XIX – ABAD XXI

Patanjala Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya ◽

10.30959/patanjala.v11i2.507 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 203

Author(s):

Miftahul Falah ◽

Agusmanon Yuniadi ◽

Rina Adyawardhina

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Open Space ◽

Sacred Space ◽

City Centre ◽

Tourist Destination ◽

Historical Method ◽

Public Open Space ◽

The City ◽

City Park

Sebagai kota yang dibangun dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kosmologis, alun-alun merupakan salah satu elemen pembentuk Kota Bandung sejak menjadi pusat pemerintahan Kabupaten Bandung pada 25 September 1810. Alun-alun Kota Bandung mengalami perubahan fungsi, dari titik batas ruang profan dan ruang sakral menjadi ruang terbuka publik sehingga makna filosofisnya mengalami pergeseran. Untuk memahami perubahan tersebut secara kronologis, dilakukan penelitian historis dengan menerapkan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perkembangannya, warga Kota Bandung tidak lagi memandang alun-alun sebagai salah satu elemen penyeimbang antara makrokosmos dan mikrokosmos, melainkan sebagai ruang terbuka publik tempat bersosialisasi seluruh warga kota. Fungsi Alun-alun Kota Bandung menunjukkan perubahan, dari sebuah lapangan terbuka dengan fungsi administratif kota tradisional hingga menjadi sebuah taman kota yang menjadi destinasi wisata di pusat kota sehingga memperlihatkan fungsi sosial-ekonomi.As a city that was built which takes the cosmological aspect into consideration, the square is one of the elements that formed the city of Bandung since becoming the capital of Bandung Regency on September 25, 1810. Its changing functions, which were traditionally perceived as a boundary of profane and sacred space into modern public open space, reflected a shifting in philosophical meaning. To understand the changes chronologically, this paper uses historical method which consists of four stages, namely, heuristics, critique, interpretation, and historiography. The results show that gradually the citizens of Bandung no longer look at the city square as one of the elements of the balance between the macrocosm and microcosm, but rather as a place for community gatherings. Its function changes from an open field with the administrative role of the traditional city into a city park that became a tourist destination in the city centre with socio-economic functions.

Download Full-text

Boon or Bane: Effect of Adjacent YIMBY or NIMBY Facilities on the Benefit Evaluation of Open Spaces or Cropland

10.20944/preprints202103.0235.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wun-Jheng Wu ◽

Pei-Ing Wu ◽

Je-Liang Liou

Keyword(s):

Open Space ◽

Housing Price ◽

Open Spaces ◽

Urban Open Space ◽

Individual Housing ◽

Public Facilities ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

The City ◽

Total Damage ◽

Current Arrangement

This is the first study to comprehensively evaluate the benefit of urban open spaces and cropland with different adjacent public facilities seen as locally undesirable (“not in my backyard,” NIMBY) or desirable (“yes in my backyard,” YIMBY). The total benefit increases or decreases for urban open space and cropland with adjacent NIMBY or YIMBY facilities in a municipality in Taiwan. The results show that for the city as a whole, the current arrangement of NIMBY and YIMBY in different zones decreases the total benefit of urban open spaces in highly urbanized zones and increases the total damage to cropland in extremely rural zones. This indicates a need to avoid further installing NIMBY or YIMBY facilities in already occupied urban open spaces. The results also demonstrate that locating NIMBY or YIMBY facilities near cropland fails to highlight the benefit of YIMBY facilities and magnifies opposition to NIMBY facilities. For individual housing units, the total damage is 1.87% of the average housing price for cropland-type open space with adjacent NIMBY or YIMBY facilities, and the total benefit is 7.43% of the average housing price for urban-type open space in a highly urbanized area. In contrast, the total benefit for open space with adjacent NIMBY or YIMBY facilities is a 2.95%-13.80% increase in the average housing price for areas with mixed urban open space and cropland.

Download Full-text

STUDY ON URBAN RESIDUAL SPACE AS SOLUTIONS REVIEW FOR AREA PROBLEMS

SINERGI ◽

10.22441/sinergi.2021.3.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 245

Author(s):

Diana Ayudya ◽

Mona Anggiani

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Open Space ◽

Social Conditions ◽

Urban Spaces ◽

Vacant Land ◽

Study Results ◽

Spatial Use ◽

Residual Space ◽

Density Irregularity ◽

The City

In cities, spaces were intentionally formed, planned, or unintentionally unplanned. Unlike planned spaces, unplanned spaces in urban areas eventually tend to cause problems for the area. These spaces were referred to as residual spaces, which were generally vacant land or open space in various urban spaces. Urban residual space was also commonly found in tertiary activity centers in big cities like Jakarta, one of which was in the trade and service area of the city. Residual space in such areas grew and developed due to dense activity within the area, resulting building density, irregularity in some spatial use and environmental degradation. Due such conditions, several questions are significant to be raised. What are the typology, utilization, and its impacts on the area? Did it only cause a problem, or could it be a solution to problems within the area? This study aimed to examine the typology of residual space based on the shape, location, utilization, and impact of trade and service activities in South Jakarta, Kebayoran Lama area. The proposed approach used was a qualitative study of the residual spaces in predetermined trade and commercial areas. The study results of the physical, spatial, visual, and social conditions of urban residual space were explained descriptively to get a picture of the characteristics of the form, location, utilization, and impact on the area.

Download Full-text