scholarly journals Relation between Active Recreation Facilities and Landscape Area in Municipal Parks

1955 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Tatsuo MORIWAKI
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Sallis ◽  
Jacqueline Kerr ◽  
Jordan A. Carlson ◽  
Gregory J. Norman ◽  
Brian E. Saelens ◽  
...  

Background:Neighborhood environment attributes of walkability and access to recreation facilities have been related to physical activity and weight status, but most self-report environment measures are lengthy. The 17-item PANES (Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale) was developed to be comprehensive but brief enough for use in multipurpose surveys. The current study evaluated test-retest and alternate-form reliability of PANES items compared with multi-item subscales from the longer NEWS-A (Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale—Abbreviated).Methods:Participants were 291 adults recruited from neighborhoods that varied in walkability in 3 US cities. Surveys were completed twice with a 27-day interval.Results:Test-retest ICCs for PANES items ranged from .52 to .88. Spearman correlations for the PANES single item vs NEWS-A subscale comparisons ranged from .27 to .81 (all P < .01).Conclusions:PANES items related to land use mix, residential density, pedestrian infrastructure, aesthetic qualities, and safety from traffic and crime were supported by correlations with NEWS-A subscales. Access to recreation facilities and street connectivity items were not supported. The brevity of PANES allows items to be included in studies or surveillance systems to expand knowledge about neighborhood environments.


Author(s):  
Liana Nikolaevna Mavrina ◽  
Liliya Nikolaevna Timeryanova

The article is devoted to the analysis and generalization of the results of research on the study of mental performance and fatigue of students. The aim is to assess the mental working ability of middle-aged schoolchildren when actively solving mathematical problems and problems in order to develop a hygienically rational mode of work in the conditions of mental activity. The core samples of the letter table of V. Ya. Anfimov were selected as the methodological tools. According to the results of the study, the values of the daily adaptability index indicated a pronounced fatigue of the children during the school day. The performance of educational tasks in mathematics, associated with the active solution of examples and problems, causes a significant strain on the functions of the organ and leads to rapid mental fatigue of students. The conducted research showed that 20–30 min. intensive intellectual activity followed by 10–15 minutes active recreation in the fresh air are the optimal periods of work for schoolchildren. Sedentary rest in the corridors of the school does not provide a sufficient recovery of mental performance of students. Thus, the educational process should be structured in such a way as to prevent the occurrence of overwork, which creates the prerequisites for the development of acute and chronic health disorders, the development of nervous, psychosomatic and other diseases.


Author(s):  
Viktoriia L. Lerner ◽  
Pavel A. Khlystov

The training macrocycle of goalball players includes 52 weeks and in addition to group and individual training, theoretical classes, sports competitions, etc. implies training camps. This needs to achieve continuity of the educational and training process, preparation for competitions, active recreation and recovery of disabled athletes. At the initial training stage, only summer and winter training camps are organized for goalball players twice a year. Summer three-week training camps include morning and evening classes. Morning training sessions following the goals of the initial training stage were mainly aimed at developing physical fitness and developing the game practice of goalball players. Evening training sessions were recreational, the orientation of which was determined by the goals of this type of adaptive physical education. In the introductory part there are construction, greeting, warm-up (varieties of walking and running, jumping, complexes of general developmental exercises with synchronized eye movement), in the main part – specially selected outdoor games for children with visual deprivation aimed at correcting and developing coordination abilities and improving game actions in goalball, in the final part – exercises to prevent the progression of visual impairments. We believe that the inclusion of recreational activities in the structure of the summer training camps of goalball players will contribute to the improvement of technical and tactical game actions, improve their physical fitness in general, correct and develop certain types of coordination abilities, prevent visual impairments, as well as implement the socializing and integrative function of adaptive physical education following the principle of hedonism.


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